EP0645501A1 - Méthode pour la production de modules préfabriqués pour la construction de bâtiments et module préfabriqué - Google Patents
Méthode pour la production de modules préfabriqués pour la construction de bâtiments et module préfabriqué Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0645501A1 EP0645501A1 EP94114841A EP94114841A EP0645501A1 EP 0645501 A1 EP0645501 A1 EP 0645501A1 EP 94114841 A EP94114841 A EP 94114841A EP 94114841 A EP94114841 A EP 94114841A EP 0645501 A1 EP0645501 A1 EP 0645501A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- concrete
- reinforcement
- head
- modules
- prefabricated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 79
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
- E04B1/164—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with vertical and horizontal slabs, only the horizontal slabs being partially cast in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
- E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
- E04B1/34823—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of concrete
Definitions
- the invention is based on a method for producing prefabricated floor-free modules, which are used for the construction of buildings, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a prefabricated module according to the preamble of claim 5.
- a method using prefabricated modules for the production of structures can be carried out in such a way that the individual modules are placed side by side and one above the other and connected to one another, it having proven to be particularly advantageous for horizontal and vertical bracing of a building consisting of such modules to be continuous Applying in-situ concrete layers to the concrete ceilings of modules arranged next to each other for one floor, which results in a very dimensionally accurate, solidified structure of the building.
- This additional in-situ concrete layer which is applied to the prefabricated ceilings of the modules or to intermediate spaces bridging intermediate modules, which are referred to below as so-called filigree slabs, makes an additional separate floor of each module unnecessary, since the prefabricated concrete ceiling and the existing floor slab of the in-situ concrete is a double layer anyway.
- floor-free modules DE 41 21 253 A1
- stiffening or stabilizing agents for the support feet similar to one, for a sufficiently rigid, in particular transportable structure of each module, which takes on a stool-like shape with ground clearance all-round frame on a table, so as to compensate and absorb moments that act laterally on the feet and can act in addition to horizontal forces.
- modules with a good stool-like design i.e. at least one concrete ceiling and usually four supporting feet, are suitable, the concrete ceiling of which is thinner in the middle than a circumferential edge, so that the module ceilings, seen from above, have a trough-like, grooved trough shape.
- Such a basic form can, however, turn out to be disruptive in certain construction projects because the application of a continuous in-situ concrete ceiling, i.e. it extends across all modules, also makes it necessary to stabilize it with continuous reinforcement bars or bars or the laying on of mats, which can also be done in each case adjacent modules must extend so that the in-situ concrete structure is solidified and stabilized throughout.
- the present invention has for its object to solve the problem that arises here, which on the one hand requires a reinforced edge for the stabilization of the support feet of the modules before final assembly and which on the other hand allows reinforcing or reinforcing iron or materials without greater effort can be laid across all adjacent modules in order to then apply the desired stabilizing in-situ concrete layer to the entire resulting surface.
- the invention solves this problem with the features of claim 1 and claim 5 and has the decisive advantage that the stiffening of the feet of the individual modules after their manufacture is exemplary, possibly even more satisfactory than with a circumferential concrete edge of each module, since one Metallic stiffening frame can react flexibly to moments acting on the feet, but on the other hand the frame, which is open at the side in many places, enables the easy insertion or pushing of reinforcing bars, so that both the reinforcement and Reinforcing irons and their connection with each other as well as through the in-situ concrete ceiling that is then applied over the entire available area next to the modules placed in place, results in a highly stable, intimate fusion of the individual modules to form a monolithic compact structure, so that it is possible despite the reduced use of material (elimination of the module floors, elimination) a circumferential edge and the like) buildings extending over many floors in height can be created in such a proven module technology.
- the at least partially circumferential reinforcement frame includes the head regions of the support feet extending over the prefabricated concrete ceiling of the module and their inner reinforcement and is concreted into the head regions, with the further advantageous embodiment that the reinforcement frame then running along the outer edge edges from basically any reinforcement systems and arrangements has an additional connection with the reinforcement or reinforcement of the prefabricated concrete ceiling itself, either because it is part of the reinforcement mats or rods and iron of the prefabricated concrete ceiling in the original construction or in any case with lower sections of the frame in the concrete ceiling is concreted.
- the reinforcement frame preferably consists of iron bars and these reinforcement connecting them, which can extend in zigzags to below the concrete ceiling, there are a large number of sufficiently large lateral openings, because in practical construction such a circumferential reinforcement frame consists only of a large number of longitudinal, transverse - And zigzagging, interconnected, also welded iron bars, which act like a lattice frame and practically allow you to push through other reinforcing and reinforcing bars at any point.
- the preferred final shape or structure of the reinforcement frame or the surrounding reinforcement, including the head parts of the support feet, is in principle arbitrary;
- rods, pipes, profiles made of metal, iron or steel you can also use prefabricated, steel-reinforced concrete pieces yourself, all of these different forms of reinforcement or structures in the form of the surrounding reinforcement frame in any case with the usual in order to connect the size of the in-situ concrete to be applied over the height of the prefabricated concrete ceiling head parts of the support feet, usually welded to their reinforcements and reinforcements and cast in concrete.
- the support feet themselves also contain appropriate reinforcement baskets, which are useful because the head parts of the support feet, which continue upwards, each end in a head plate, which, with the centering opening or corresponding centering pin, allows the next level to be fitted precisely from itself upwards subsequent modules is used, in which case a lower footplate of each support foot has a corresponding centering opening or a centering pin.
- These head plates and, as is understood, also the foot plates are connected to the reinforcement cages within the support feet and their head parts, usually welded, and in the same way the circumferential reinforcement frame is connected to the head part reinforcing bars, usually welded.
- the design of the respective prefabricated concrete slab of a particular module is particularly advantageous in such a way that reinforcing bars protrude from the top, which are still connected to the transversely inserted reinforcing or reinforcing bars of adjacent modules before application of the in-situ concrete, so that the in-situ concrete and the in-situ concrete provides secure anchoring and a uniform monolithic structure of the whole.
- the basic idea of the present invention is, in the case of a floor-free module with corner footrests, the head parts which are pulled out upwards over the prefabricated concrete ceiling of the module by means of a peripheral, laterally to support and stabilize open reinforcement frames.
- FIG. 1 shows the simplest basic form of a module 10, consisting only of a concrete ceiling 12 and four corner supports or support feet 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, a side wall 13 can additionally be provided if this is an external module or a wall is provided at this point in the building.
- the modules 10 generally have no bottom and therefore correspond in shape to a box which is open at the bottom and in which further side parts can increasingly be omitted until finally, for example in the case of a central module, there are no longer any side parts and the module has this stool-like shape.
- the four support feet 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d determine the storey height by their height, ie more precisely by the distance of their respective head plate 15 of each support foot from the corresponding lower foot plate 16, the concrete ceiling 12 of each individual module 10 having a predetermined distance upwards between the support feet is set so that each support foot comprises a corner support main part 17 reaching from the bottom to the concrete ceiling 12 and an upper head part 18 which projects beyond the concrete ceiling 12 by a certain distance which can be predetermined as desired, which also determines the thickness of the in-situ concrete ceiling that can be applied.
- the concrete ceiling 12 of each individual module 10 can have a recess or fold 21 which is arranged in the peripheral edge of the concrete ceiling 12.
- This recess serves for the problem-free approach of filigree plates 20 which engage with hook-like projections 23 of their reinforcing bars in the recess 21, so that there is a secure anchoring of the filigree plate 20, which is preferably attached to the module with the same module width.
- the filigree panel then strikes the continuous column areas.
- modules form outer wall modules, it is understood that formwork is attached so that the grouting concrete layer does not flow off.
- the finished concrete ceiling 12 of each individual module and the subsequent filigree slabs 20 continuous reinforcements, for example in the form of mats, which can also be braided through already existing, upwardly projecting reinforcements 19 of the concrete ceiling 12 or reinforcement 22 of the filigree plate 20.
- each support leg is connected to one another by at least partially encircling reinforcement or reinforcing bars or elements or structures, so that in this way, roughly according to the basic physical principle a table frame for which the support feet have a decisive stabilizing effect, particularly against moments acting laterally, since the intimate anchoring through the common concrete ceiling ensures that the support feet are protected against horizontal forces, while the fixed connection and thereby secured spacing by means of a "reinforcement frame 24" hereinafter referred to as " Frame belt ", the head parts protruding beyond the prefabricated concrete ceiling of the module are firmly and rigidly connected to one another so that the lower main support parts 17 of the support feet 14a, 14b ... can also withstand moments.
- the reinforcement frame 24 consists of longitudinal bars 25, which can be circumferential or which each extend from the head part 18 to the head part 18, where they are welded or otherwise connected to the reinforcement bars or reinforcement cages of the head parts and from the concrete of the head part are secured, or it is also possible to actually form the longitudinal bars of basically any shape and design as a closed frame and to bend them in the head part area and to connect them with the corresponding reinforcement cages and reinforcing bars present there and to pour them into the concrete of the head parts.
- FIG. 2 shows a middle cross-section, for example along the line II-II of FIG. 1 in a side view, of the concrete ceiling 12 with its own reinforcements 19 and an adjacent filigree plate 20, supplemented by the surrounding reinforcement frame 24, consisting of any one Number of longitudinal reinforcement elements 25, which in turn are supplemented, reinforced and connected to one another by intermediate elements 26, connections in particular also being possible with the reinforcement parts 19 protruding from the concrete ceiling. It is then easily possible to push transverse reinforcing bars 26 through remaining open positions in the reinforcement frame 24, which are then connected to the reinforcements 22 of the filigree slab or an adjacent module and to the reinforcements 19 of the module, with the entire surface then being dashed indicated height 27 the in-situ concrete layer is filled.
- the dashed head plate 15 is also indicated by a dashed line
- the head part 18 of each support leg remains free, so that at this point the foot plate of the module which adjoins the top can be placed on top and, if desired, also connected to the head plate by welding all the way round.
- reinforcement baskets or reinforcement baskets are also provided in the solid concrete support feet in the exemplary embodiments discussed here, the irons of which are firmly connected, for example welded, to the respective head or foot plate, so that this results in precise height distances allow the individual modules to be specified, but also the head and foot plates are, so to speak, one-piece components of the respective floor, so that the floors and floors also form a monolithic basic structure by welding the respective head and foot plates.
- FIG. 3 shows the measures described in the area of a footrest head part 18 with the corner support main part indicated at 17 ′ of the further module with head plate 16 and centering pin 16 ′ which is received by the centering opening 15 ′ of the head plate 15 in the head part 18 of the lower module.
- the reinforcement cage in the support foot which continues up to the head part 18, where it is connected to the longitudinal bars 25 of the surrounding reinforcement frame 24, which in turn are then connected to the reinforcement elements 19 of the concrete ceiling 12.
- Another preferred embodiment of the following invention is that, while maintaining the basic structures explained above, the head and foot plate areas experience a change, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 in detail.
- the head plate area can also be designed such that only a threaded guide bush 30 is used in the prefabricated concrete in the head plate area, which is open at the top with its thread and into which a head plate 32 carried by a threaded foot 31, which is shown in FIG. 4 without a centering opening is used. Since the head plate foot 31 also has a corresponding (heavy) external thread, it is possible to specify the height of the head plate precisely by further screwing in or out in the thread area, so that it is also ensured that the following modules are highly accurate in the vertical direction can be positioned.
- centering structures in the head plate / footrest part which are then expediently arranged off-center, for example as a concentric ring recess in the head plate, which appears upwards as a groove, into which then from the footplate of the the corresponding module, which is arranged at the same concentric spacing and possibly interrupted ring projections, engage.
- head and foot plates evenly, as a result of which a highly precise adjustment can also be achieved by lateral displacement.
- the height-adjustable plate forming the head plate is expediently adjusted in height before the in-situ concrete is applied, so that the in-situ concrete then surrounds the head plate flush with the upper surface and is thus also fixed and the adjustable head plate area is insured against any kind of load , in particular the pressure of subsequent modules from the threaded area of the guide bush and the threaded base.
- the height-adjustable head plate appears as an integrated, one-piece part of the ceiling of the respective lower module, with a multitude of structural advantages being achieved by this height adjustment.
- the footrest of an adjoining module is designated 17 '' - the footplate 34 seated on the plate of the head plate 32 can be secured by means of a bracket 35 in the prefabricated concrete of the footrest - the bracket 35 in turn part of the inner reinforcement cage.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- General Factory Administration (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI9430041T SI0645501T1 (en) | 1993-09-27 | 1994-09-21 | Method for the production of prefabricated moduls for the construction of buildings and prefabricated modul |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4332793A DE4332793C1 (de) | 1993-09-27 | 1993-09-27 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und vorgefertigter Modul |
| DE4332793 | 1993-09-27 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0645501A1 true EP0645501A1 (fr) | 1995-03-29 |
| EP0645501B1 EP0645501B1 (fr) | 1997-01-08 |
Family
ID=6498701
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94114841A Expired - Lifetime EP0645501B1 (fr) | 1993-09-27 | 1994-09-21 | Méthode pour la production de modules préfabriqués pour la construction de bâtiments et module préfabriqué |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0645501B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE147456T1 (fr) |
| CZ (1) | CZ235294A3 (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE4332793C1 (fr) |
| DK (1) | DK0645501T3 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2098090T3 (fr) |
| SI (1) | SI0645501T1 (fr) |
| TR (1) | TR27658A (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CZ290537B6 (cs) * | 1995-06-30 | 2002-08-14 | Ralf Sebald | Stěnový prvek pro výąkové stavby a způsob jeho výroby |
| GR1005653B (el) * | 1999-12-24 | 2007-09-19 | Συστημα προκατασκευης πολυοροφων ολοσωμων κτιριωναπο ορθοτροπα τοιχια και πλακες οπλισμενου σκυροδεματος | |
| ES2333636B1 (es) | 2008-10-10 | 2011-03-11 | Angel Moreno Cano | Modulo semirresistente prefabricado para construccion y procedimientode montaje en obra del mismo. |
| CN115928875B (zh) * | 2022-12-13 | 2025-07-15 | 广东省建筑设计研究院有限公司 | 一种装配式展馆建筑结构体系的设计施工方法及建筑结构体系 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1952883A1 (de) * | 1969-10-21 | 1971-04-29 | Kaletka Ing Josef | Gebaeude als Sammelgarage fuer Wohnsiedlungen |
| US4443985A (en) * | 1981-08-31 | 1984-04-24 | Jaime Moreno | Composite building construction comprising a combination of precast and poured-in-place concrete |
| DE9215776U1 (de) * | 1992-11-20 | 1993-01-07 | Schrade, Eberhard, 7036 Schönaich | Vorgefertigter Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4115643A1 (de) * | 1991-05-14 | 1992-11-19 | Eberhard Schrade | Verfahren und vorgefertigter modul zur herstellung von bauwerken und gebaeuden |
| DE4131125C2 (de) * | 1991-05-14 | 1996-07-18 | Eberhard Schrade | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden und vorgefertigter Modul zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
| DE4121253C2 (de) * | 1991-06-27 | 1996-11-28 | Eberhard Schrade | Verfahren und vorgefertigter Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden |
-
1993
- 1993-09-27 DE DE4332793A patent/DE4332793C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-01 TR TR01116/93A patent/TR27658A/xx unknown
-
1994
- 1994-09-21 ES ES94114841T patent/ES2098090T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-21 AT AT94114841T patent/ATE147456T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-21 EP EP94114841A patent/EP0645501B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-21 SI SI9430041T patent/SI0645501T1/xx unknown
- 1994-09-21 DK DK94114841.3T patent/DK0645501T3/da active
- 1994-09-21 DE DE59401522T patent/DE59401522D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-09-26 CZ CZ942352A patent/CZ235294A3/cs unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1952883A1 (de) * | 1969-10-21 | 1971-04-29 | Kaletka Ing Josef | Gebaeude als Sammelgarage fuer Wohnsiedlungen |
| US4443985A (en) * | 1981-08-31 | 1984-04-24 | Jaime Moreno | Composite building construction comprising a combination of precast and poured-in-place concrete |
| DE9215776U1 (de) * | 1992-11-20 | 1993-01-07 | Schrade, Eberhard, 7036 Schönaich | Vorgefertigter Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4332793C1 (de) | 1995-01-12 |
| SI0645501T1 (en) | 1997-10-31 |
| DE59401522D1 (de) | 1997-02-20 |
| DK0645501T3 (da) | 1997-07-07 |
| ATE147456T1 (de) | 1997-01-15 |
| ES2098090T3 (es) | 1997-04-16 |
| EP0645501B1 (fr) | 1997-01-08 |
| CZ235294A3 (en) | 1995-04-12 |
| TR27658A (tr) | 1995-06-16 |
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