Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
  • E02B11/00—Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
  • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
  • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
  • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
  • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
  • E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
  • E02D31/002—Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
  • E02D31/004—Sealing liners

Definitions

• the invention relates to a mat for erosion protection and / or drainage purposes, consisting of at least one filter layer and at least one three-dimensional, high empty volume claw and / or spacer layer, all layers being connected to one another.
• a mat for erosion protection and / or drainage purposes consisting of at least one filter layer and at least one three-dimensional, high empty volume claw and / or spacer layer, all layers being connected to one another.
• Such mats are known several times. Such mats are described in DE-A-2150590, DE-A-2248911 or DE-A-2327618.
• the individual layers are connected there by needling.
• Erosion protection mats or hydraulic construction mats in which only a claw layer and a filter layer are provided, can only be connected to one another by needling with great additional effort.
• connection strength between the layers to be connected can hardly be achieved.
• needling is an inadequate connection technology. because either the connection strength is not sufficient, or the density of the fibers to be used for needling has to be chosen so tight that the required connection strength has to be reached that an impairment of the drainage effect has to be accepted.
• connection of the individual layers is made by gluing and / or by welding.
• This gluing or welding must be carried out selectively or section by section in order at least not to excessively restrict the filter effect of the filter layers, which is rendered ineffective in the connection area by filling the cavities with adhesive or melt.
• the connection of filter layers with other layers is regularly very complex. This connection technique in turn restricts the selection of the layers to be connected to one another, because either these layers and the adhesive must be matched to one another, or the layers must be weldable to one another.
• the object of the present invention is now to provide a mat of the type mentioned, in which the disadvantages described above do not occur, at least to a large extent.
• the mat should also be easy to manufacture.
• a mat for erosion protection and / or drainage purposes consisting of at least one filter layer and at least one three-dimensional, high empty volume claw and / or spacer layer, all layers being connected to one another, in that the connection of at least two Layers of sewing seams.
• the claw or spacer layer preferably has at least one structured surface.
• the claw or spacer layer consists of a water-permeable film which is deformed from the plane into a structured surface having mountains and valleys.
• the claw or spacer layer consists of wires arranged in a random position and connected to one another at their crossing points.
• claw or spacer layers are known for example under the trademark ENKAMAT, which are characterized in that they consist of wires with a diameter of 0.2 to 2 mm, which are welded together at their crossing points.
• ENKAMAT ENKAMAT
• These spacer layers have a surface in a mountain and valley structure on one or both sides, the mountain and valley structure being in the form of waves in one or two directions perpendicular to one another. In the case of waves arranged in two directions, such a surface appears to be structured like a waffle.
• the structuring can also be formed by truncated cone-shaped or truncated pyramid-shaped mountain structures.
• sewing seams are arranged parallel to one another.
• This type of sewing seam arrangement is particularly suitable for drainage mats.
• an arrangement of the sewing seams in the drainage direction of the drainage material has the advantage that the drainage performance is at least not significantly impaired by the seams. There is even the advantage of channeling the drainage of the drainage material by attaching particularly tight seams.
• first group of seams is arranged in parallel, which is crossed by a second group of seams arranged in parallel.
• This arrangement of the seams is particularly recommended when particularly high demands are placed on the connection strength.
• care must be taken that the sewing seam only draws the filter material at least slightly into the spacer layer. It has proven particularly useful here if the two groups of sewing seams are arranged in such a way that they form a check pattern.
• the sewing seams have a stitch length of 1 to 20 mm or if the sewing seams are produced by sewing at least one multifilament yarn.
• the mat according to the invention is particularly characterized in that at least one filter layer is made of short fibers and / or continuous filaments is existing nonwoven. These filter layers have a particularly good retention capacity even of very fine particles.
• the short fibers of the fleece lie very tightly around the seam material after the seams have been made, so that even at the puncture points of the sewing needle after the seam has been made, the short fiber fleece in the area of the material to be sewn practically no loss of the filtering effect compared to the places where no material penetrates the fleece , occurs.
• nonwoven fabric a nonwoven fabric consisting of short fibers that have been consolidated by sewing has proven particularly useful for the mat according to the invention.
• This type of consolidation of nonwovens has become known as the Mallimo technique.
• the mat according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that the layers connected by a group of sewing seams have a total thickness of 4 to 70 mm, preferably 20 to 60 mm.
• the sewing seams have loops protruding from at least one of the outer surfaces of the mat. This promotes the structuring of the mat surface (s), which significantly increases the coefficient of friction between the mat according to the invention and the surface on which the mat is placed or the bulk material which is filled onto the mat.
• This coefficient of friction can also advantageously be increased in that the mat according to the invention is sewn in such a way that the filter layer in the area of the sewing seams is drawn into the valleys of the structured surface of the claw or drainage layer, so that the filter layer has a structured surface.
• Sewing threads made of polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyether, polyethylene, polyetherimide, polyacrylonitrile and aromatic polyamides or polyester are particularly suitable. They can consist of multifilament yarns that are twisted once or twice. Depending on the intended use, it is advisable to coat the multifilament yarns, the coating being selected so that the processability of the sewing threads is increased and / or the sealing between the filter layer and the material to be sewn is improved.
• Short-fiber nonwovens, felts, spunbonded nonwovens or fabrics made from conventional materials such as polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyether, polyethylene, polyetherimide, polyacrylonitrile or glass have proven their worth.
• the claw and / or the drainage layer can contain further reinforcement materials such as reinforcement grids, scrims, drawstrings.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Paleontology (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Filtering Materials (AREA)
• Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
• Bidet-Like Cleaning Device And Other Flush Toilet Accessories (AREA)
• Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
• Revetment (AREA)
• Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 1994
  • 1994-09-08 DE DE4431976A patent/DE4431976B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-09-08 EP EP94114167A patent/EP0646677B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-09-08 AT AT94114167T patent/ATE234392T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-09-08 DE DE59410254T patent/DE59410254D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (1)

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