EP0647746A2 - Maçonnerie - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0647746A2
EP0647746A2 EP94115595A EP94115595A EP0647746A2 EP 0647746 A2 EP0647746 A2 EP 0647746A2 EP 94115595 A EP94115595 A EP 94115595A EP 94115595 A EP94115595 A EP 94115595A EP 0647746 A2 EP0647746 A2 EP 0647746A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stones
brick
bricks
insert
masonry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94115595A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0647746A3 (fr
Inventor
Georg Dr. Hepperger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0647746A2 publication Critical patent/EP0647746A2/fr
Publication of EP0647746A3 publication Critical patent/EP0647746A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/021—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of triangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0245—Pegs or pins

Definitions

  • the invention relates to masonry with a plurality of layers of bricks which are arranged one above the other and offset with respect to one another along the wall alignment and which have vertically continuous recesses in the interior for receiving connecting elements.
  • the building blocks of refractory material are held together by connecting pipes.
  • the building blocks have semicircular recesses on their lateral abutting surfaces, which, with corresponding recesses in the subsequent building blocks, form a hole-like receptacle for a continuous tubular connecting piece.
  • Such a wall structure is intended to ensure that, despite the expansion joints between the building blocks for absorbing thermal expansion, a flow-tight wall composite is ensured.
  • a brick known from DE 38 23 667 A1 has one or more projections projecting beyond a brick cover surface, which engage in matching recesses in the bricks arranged above it. With such bricks, however, problems arise during transport and storage. In addition, there is a risk that the projections will break off or be damaged when handling the construction site.
  • Another masonry system is known from WO 92 04 513 A1, in which circular depressions are provided on the upper and lower sides of the masonry stones.
  • the connection between the bricks is made by cylindrical plugs that are inserted into the recesses.
  • problems arise with the masonry structure even with slight lateral displacements.
  • the production of the bricks with the matching connecting plugs is complex.
  • the invention specified in claim 1 is based on the problem of creating masonry that can be created particularly easily and quickly and enables a homogeneous wall structure with improved thermal insulation.
  • the connecting elements are insert stones which are vertically offset by an essentially half the brick height relative to the brick layers and engage with their upper portion in a form-fitting manner in the inner recesses of the brick above.
  • the masonry according to the invention offers the additional advantage of a largely homogeneous wall. Thanks to the connection system with the insert stones, a solid and uniform wall structure is achieved even without an elaborate butt joint formation with matching profiles on the end faces of the bricks. The required wall and insert stones can be manufactured extremely inexpensively due to their simple shape.
  • the wall composite is not interrupted by disruptive mortar layers and is therefore also outstandingly suitable as exposed masonry. Due to the continuous recesses, the weight of the bricks is also considerably reduced compared to solid building blocks, so that larger formats and thus time-saving masonry work are possible with the same weight.
  • the insert stones lying one above the other are glued to one another at their abutting abutment surfaces and to the wall stones on the side surfaces.
  • the adhesive connections are only inside the bricks, the masonry is not interrupted by adhesive layers that go from the outside to the inside, in contrast to the walls built according to conventional adhesive methods, in which the bricks are largely glued to the bed joints.
  • the lowest masonry stones lying on the foundation are correspondingly recessed Capstones used with about 1.5 times the height of the bricks.
  • the capstones resting on the foundation project upwards with their upper section by about half the brick width compared to the brick.
  • a second layer of bricks with the corresponding recesses can then be placed on these projections.
  • insert stones with approximately the same height as the brick can be expediently used, so that protrusions which protrude upwards by half remain for the subsequent brick layer. In this way, a longitudinal wall can be created relatively quickly and without problems, the insert stones each engaging in two adjoining brick layers and thus ensuring an excellent bond.
  • end stones are inserted with half the height of the bricks.
  • Lower capstones can also be dispensed with entirely, by half-filling the recesses in the lowest bricks with coarse mortar. The first set of insert stones is then placed on this layer with half-filled brick openings at the height of the brick.
  • the insert stones can also have twice the height of the bricks. This allows a double layer of bricks to be laid before another insert stone has to be inserted for connection.
  • capstones with 1.5 times the height of the bricks can be inserted in the penultimate row of bricks.
  • the insert stones corresponding to the brick height can also be used here and the remaining depressions can be compensated with half the height of the brick, if necessary, by means of mortar or end stones.
  • the connection between two walls that meet at right angles is made possible by erecting overlapping block shares.
  • the recesses in the bricks and the insert stones should have a square or circular cross section and the center of at least one recess should be equidistant from the long sides and one end face of the brick.
  • L-shaped connecting stones can be provided in an advantageous manner, each of which has a recess in its two legs for receiving insert stones.
  • a particularly expedient connection of two mutually perpendicular walls can also be achieved in that a brick has a lateral groove in which a branching stone provided with a recess for receiving an insert stone engages. Both the brick with the lateral groove and the branch stone can be made from the bricks used to build a continuous wall.
  • Compensating stones which have at least half the length of a brick in normal format and have an inner recess for receiving an insert stone. Compensation stones of this type can also be produced in that corresponding break grooves are provided on the blocks in normal format, on which the bricks can be hewn to the desired format by means of targeted hammer blows.
  • extension bricks which, like the bricks, have two recesses, but in which the distance between these recesses is increased by a fixed distance, in connection with push-in stones, the length of which corresponds to the fixed distance, and on at least two opposite sides
  • projections for anchoring in the masonry can lie on the end faces of the insert block, in which case the bricks must be provided with suitable grooves for receiving the projections. They can also lie on the top and bottom of the slide-in blocks, in which case the extension blocks between the cutouts must be provided with appropriate grooves.
  • a third possibility is the use of correction stones, in which the distance between the center points of the recesses and the closest end face of the correction stone is different and the distance between the two center points is equal to the sum of the distances to the end faces.
  • the distance between a center point and the associated one The face corresponds to that used for normal bricks.
  • a cuboid brick 1 is shown with side surfaces 2 and perpendicular end faces 3.
  • the brick 1 has two vertically continuous inside Recesses 4 on.
  • each brick half is one of the recesses 4, the center of which is spaced from the nearest end face 3 by about 1/4 of the total brick length.
  • the recesses 4 have a square cross section, but can also have, for example, a rectangular or circular cross section.
  • Insert stones 5, each adapted to their cross section, are positively inserted into the recesses 4.
  • a cuboid insert 5 is shown, which is inserted into one of the rectangular recesses 4 of the brick 1.
  • the insert stones 5 are dimensioned so that a predetermined space remains between their side surfaces and the inner surfaces of the recesses 4.
  • the space in between can be filled with a quickly binding adhesive and also guarantees solder corrections and a compensation of manufacturing tolerances.
  • Both the bricks 1 and the insert stones 5 can be made of different materials, e.g. as masonry brick, aerated concrete block, expanded clay block, sand-lime brick, concrete block or similar be executed.
  • the dimensions can also be selected according to the requirements and execution guidelines.
  • FIG. 2 shows a masonry according to the invention consisting of masonry stones 1 and insert stones 5.
  • a first layer 7 of masonry stones 1 arranged in a row is arranged on a foundation 6.
  • This first brick layer 7 can be applied to the foundation 6 in a conventional manner, for example with a mortar bed.
  • end stones 5a are arranged which have approximately 1.5 times the height of the bricks 1.
  • the top section 8 of these keystones 5a thus protrudes essentially by half the brick height relative to the surface of the first brick layer 7.
  • the bricks of the second layer 9 are arranged so that their butt joints 10 are substantially above the center of the underlying bricks 1.
  • the two end stones 5a arranged in a lower brick 1 each engage in a recess 4 of two overlying bricks 1.
  • insert stones 5 are arranged which have approximately the height of the masonry stones 1 and connect to the end stones 5a below.
  • the upper sections 11 of these insert stones 5 protrude by about half the brick height from this brick layer 9, so that a further brick layer can also be placed thereon.
  • This masonry structure continues up to the uppermost masonry layer, whereby a desired largely flat wall finish can be achieved by inserting capstones 5 with 1.5 times the height of the masonry stones in the penultimate masonry layer or by filling the remaining depressions with mortar or half-masonry stones .
  • a firm connection of the masonry can be achieved in a particularly simple and time-saving manner by introducing a predetermined amount of mortar or another adhesive before the insert stones 5 are inserted into the recesses 4.
  • a rapidly binding adhesive is expediently used.
  • the adhesive distributes itself in the available space without the need for any distribution line with toothed spatula or the like. would be required. Only the over-swollen amount of adhesive that no longer finds space is removed with a spatula and can be done immediately in the next recess, in which another insert stone is to be inserted.
  • the insert stones 5 should preferably not have any holes on the surface, since otherwise the adhesive would escape into the holes instead of into the space between the recesses 4 and the insert stones 5 and would require an increased amount of adhesive to ensure a firm bond.
  • an L-shaped branching stone 12 is shown for connecting two mutually perpendicular walls.
  • the branching stone 12 has the shape of a normal brick 1 with a half brick formed on the side.
  • recesses 4 are formed for receiving bricks.
  • the shorter leg 14 has a smaller width than the longer leg 13, both legs can also have the same width, e.g. Butting load-bearing walls with the same wall thickness.
  • a connection between two mutually perpendicular walls can also be established by a brick 15 with a lateral groove 16, in which an end spring 17 of a connecting block 18 engages.
  • the tongue and groove connection between the brick 15 and the connecting block 18 is formed in this embodiment as helical teeth, which ensures a secure connection.
  • Walls with the same or different wall thickness can also be connected here.
  • a compensating block 21 is shown, which can be used to fill the teeth in windows and doors and also to compensate for lengths that are not integer multiples of the working size given by the brick length.
  • the compensating stone 21 has only one recess 4, which is formed corresponding to the recesses in the bricks 1.
  • the compensating stone 21 can have different lengths. Compensation stones are expedient which have the shape of a brick 1 halved parallel to its end faces 3. As a result, the teeth on windows or doors offset by half a brick length can be compensated to form a vertical closure.
  • a compensating stone 21 with predetermined demolition sections 22 can also be provided, as shown in FIG. 6. Narrow grooves and / or preformed mortar pockets 23, on which the compensating stones 21 can be hewn into the respectively desired format, can be located at respectively predetermined sections.
  • the mortar pockets 23 can be filled with mortar when connecting another brick or when filling a remaining space.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 each show an extension stone 25 and a compensation stone 30 according to an embodiment of the invention in plan view.
  • the distance between the recesses 4 in the extension brick 25 is increased by the section d.
  • this extension stone 25 can be used alternately with an insert stone 30.
  • the insertion stone 30 has two projections 31 on its end faces for anchoring, the masonry stones according to this embodiment must therefore have on their end faces grooves with a shape complementary to the projections as the grooves 26 of the extension stone.
  • FIG. 9 shows a correction stone 35 which can be used as an alternative to the extension and insertion stones shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 for adjusting the length of a wall.
  • This correction stone can be understood as consisting of two sections, a normal section 36 and a correction section 37, the shape of the normal section corresponding to a lengthwise halved brick 1, whereas the correction section can be lengthened or shortened.
  • An extended correction section 37 is shown. In both sections, the distances l 1 and l 2 from the center of the recess 4 to the end face are the same as to the boundary 38 between the sections. This makes it possible to place the correction sections of the correction stones directly on top of each other in a wall, while the normal sections are interlocked on both sides with the masonry consisting of wall stones 1 (or further correction stones if necessary).
  • Lateral handle pockets can also be formed on all of the stones described above, which facilitate the movement of the stones.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
EP94115595A 1993-10-12 1994-10-04 Maçonnerie. Withdrawn EP0647746A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9315423U DE9315423U1 (de) 1993-10-12 1993-10-12 Mauerwerk
DE9315423U 1993-10-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0647746A2 true EP0647746A2 (fr) 1995-04-12
EP0647746A3 EP0647746A3 (fr) 1996-08-14

Family

ID=6899225

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94115595A Withdrawn EP0647746A3 (fr) 1993-10-12 1994-10-04 Maçonnerie.

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0647746A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE9315423U1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001016439A1 (fr) * 1999-08-30 2001-03-08 Rolf Scheiwiller Systeme de pierres de construction
WO2005108698A1 (fr) * 2004-04-29 2005-11-17 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems, Inc. Systeme de blocs de mur
US10358819B2 (en) 2015-07-16 2019-07-23 Yonathan TANAMI Construction block, a wall structure comprising the same, and a method for manufacture of said construction block and of said wall structure

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9315423U1 (de) * 1993-10-12 1994-01-05 Hepperger, Georg, Dr., Wien Mauerwerk
DE102024117923A1 (de) * 2024-06-25 2026-01-08 Hagemeister Gmbh & Co Kg Baustein

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH251310A (de) * 1945-12-05 1947-10-31 Muerset Eugen Baukonstruktion.
US3461631A (en) * 1967-01-16 1969-08-19 Anthony Brugnola Complementary modules and structures therefrom
BE795956A (fr) * 1972-02-24 1973-06-18 Foanna Luigi Systeme pour la construction de travaux en maconnerie au moyen d'une combinaison a sec de briques a elements qui s'encastrent
FR2379660A1 (fr) * 1977-02-07 1978-09-01 Phenix Maisons Construction prefabriquee
BE856998A (fr) * 1977-07-20 1977-11-14 Magris Rinaldo Elements de construction et procede de fabrication de ceux-ci
DE3823667A1 (de) * 1988-07-13 1990-02-08 Roth Reiner Betonformstein als mauerstein fuer trockenbauweise
BE1003240A5 (fr) * 1990-01-24 1992-02-04 Bodi Antal Systeme de construction destine a l'erection de murs et procede d'erection de murs a l'aide dudit systeme.
WO1992004513A1 (fr) * 1990-09-12 1992-03-19 Antonio Mucci Element de construction
US5277008A (en) * 1991-08-16 1994-01-11 Alexander R. Andrews Building blocks
DE9315423U1 (de) * 1993-10-12 1994-01-05 Hepperger, Georg, Dr., Wien Mauerwerk

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001016439A1 (fr) * 1999-08-30 2001-03-08 Rolf Scheiwiller Systeme de pierres de construction
WO2005108698A1 (fr) * 2004-04-29 2005-11-17 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems, Inc. Systeme de blocs de mur
US10358819B2 (en) 2015-07-16 2019-07-23 Yonathan TANAMI Construction block, a wall structure comprising the same, and a method for manufacture of said construction block and of said wall structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE9315423U1 (de) 1994-01-05
EP0647746A3 (fr) 1996-08-14

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