EP0654770B1 - Anordnung zur Früherkennung von Bränden - Google Patents
Anordnung zur Früherkennung von Bränden Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0654770B1 EP0654770B1 EP94113869A EP94113869A EP0654770B1 EP 0654770 B1 EP0654770 B1 EP 0654770B1 EP 94113869 A EP94113869 A EP 94113869A EP 94113869 A EP94113869 A EP 94113869A EP 0654770 B1 EP0654770 B1 EP 0654770B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- stage
- arrangement according
- signals
- neural network
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
- G08B29/16—Security signalling or alarm systems, e.g. redundant systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an arrangement for the early detection of fires, with a A plurality of detectors connected to a control center, some with at least two Sensors for monitoring various fire parameters are equipped with Means for processing the signals from the sensors, which are arranged decentrally in the detectors and a microcontroller for processing the sensor signals and for signal processing have with the purpose of obtaining hazard signals, the extraction of the Danger signals occur in a neural network.
- Such detectors have several advantages: By relocating signal processing from The central in the detectors is the limitation of the usual communication bandwidth Connections between the control panel and detectors without influence. In addition, the observation length the signals are not subject to restrictions and the possibility of overloading the head office is practically excluded. The high redundancy of the system has also the advantage that in the event of a failure or malfunction of the main processor in the central office Detectors can trigger an alarm themselves.
- the use of the neural network has the advantage that the reliability of the detector function is generally improved by a wide range of possibilities Linkage of the different signal signatures, that is the recognition pattern, exists and can also be optimally used in the neural network.
- a further neural network is connected upstream of the neural network for each sensor, which time pattern of the signals of the relevant sensor are sequentially supplied.
- This other neural networks represent a type of transversal filter and deliver on their Output one signal signature per fire phenomenon.
- the invention is intended to further reduce the false alarm rate per detection point and the Reliability of the detectors can be further improved.
- the neural network digital filter bank is connected upstream, which receives the signals of at least one type of sensor are supplied, and which have several signal signatures at their output for the neural network or provides criteria for the fire phenomenon in question.
- the reliability of the detector further improved because the neural network due to the plurality of signal signatures can be trained so that its functions are fully understandable and clear.
- Fig. 1 shows an overview of the signal processing in the detector, which is divided into five stages S1 to S5 can be.
- the first stage S1 consists of the sensor hardware and essentially contains a thermal sensor 1 formed by an NTC sensor, one by a light pulse transmitter and an optical sensor 2 formed by a light pulse receiver, a bias network 3 for the thermal sensor 1 and an ASIC 4.
- the sensor hardware also includes another A / D converter 5 of a microcontroller MCU.
- the MCU has a ROM mask that contains the operating system and the sensor software of the detector and thus all processes at the functional level, i.e. the Sensor control, signal processing as well as addressing and communication with the head office controls.
- the ASIC 4 contains all amplifiers and filters for the signal of the Light pulse receiver, a one-chip temperature sensor, the control electronics for the light pulse transmitter, a crystal oscillator and start-up / power management and line monitoring for the MCU. There is a bidirectional, between the MCU and the ASIC 4 serial data bus and various control lines.
- the signals are in the second stage S2 following the A / D converter 5 prepared, trying through different compensations, one if possible to get an exact image of the real measurement parameters.
- the third stage S3 Signal signatures or criteria extracted, which are then in a fourth stage S4 neural network NN condensed into a scalar danger signal and one Risk level can be assigned.
- the fifth stage S5 is finally in one Verification level 6 the decision about the final danger level is made and together with the functional state or status to the communication interface of the MCU forwarded.
- the first three stages S1 to S3 are from the signal of the thermal Sensor 1 and separately from the signal of the optical sensor 2, what in the Figure symbolized by two signal paths, a "thermal” and an “optical” path which is then brought together in the fourth stage S4, that is to say in the neural network are.
- the signal flow of the two paths through levels S1 to S3 is in 2a and 2b, and the neural network NN is shown in Fig. 3 in detail.
- the NTC temperature sensor 1 is over the bias network 3 operated pulsed and the NTC voltage is fed to the A / D converter 5.
- the NTC temperature data are subsequently analyzed in a stage 7, where Interruptions and short circuits are detected.
- level 7 there is also the influence of small driving voltage changes to increase the measurement accuracy compensated for the measured value. Any glitches are shown below "anti-EMI" algorithm 8 removed. This limits the signal change from one Measurement to the next to certain values stored in the data memory of the MCU. Normal fire signals pass this algorithm unchanged.
- the output signal of the A / D converter is then in a linearization stage 9 using an interpolation table according to the characteristics of the NTC sensor converted into a temperature value. Then in a block 10 the heat dissipation by connecting wires and plastic wall and in a block 11 the Heat capacity of the NTC sensor 1 compensated.
- the output signals of the blocks 10 and 11 then pass through a digital filter bank 12 and are finally in a level 13 linked with parameters. At the exit of level 13 and thus on At the end of the thermal path there are several, from the NTC signal and thus from temperature-dependent signature signals or criteria S1 to Sm are available.
- a pulse generator 14 drives which every 100s is almost 100 ⁇ s long current pulse, an infrared light emitting diode forming the light pulse transmitter 15, which sends a light pulse into the optical scattering space. That of any existing Smoke scattered light is collected by a lens and onto a receiver photodiode 15 'directed. The resulting photocurrent is synchronized with the transmission pulse integrated by an integrator 16.
- the following, still differential Voltage amplifier 17 offers several selectable gain settings.
- the coarse detector adjustment is then carried out.
- a so-called AMB filter 18th eliminates DC components and low-frequency interference from the signal. High frequencies Faults have already been eliminated by integrator 17. At the exit of the AMB filter 18 appears as a single unipolar signal from a voltage amplifier 19 is further strengthened.
- the output signal of the amplifier 19 is converted into digital data in the A / D converter 5, with which the software-based signal processing begins (FIG. 1, stage S2).
- stage S2 the software-based signal processing begins.
- the effective signal swing is now determined.
- This arrives in a block 21 and can be corrected there thanks to the availability of the ASIC temperature so that extensive compensation of the temperature drops of the optoelectronic Components done.
- the target size is the software fine adjustment, which is also carried out in block 21.
- tracking eliminates those signal components which are caused by very slow environmental influences (for example dustiness) are caused, and which generate a false smoke signal over time and thus change the sensitivity would.
- the result of the previous processing steps is a size that the effective, filtered, adjusted, temperature compensated and tracked Represents smoke value and the direct reference for determining the hazard level forms.
- the last link (block 23) in optical signal processing is from Different parameter-controlled algorithms that determine the temporal behavior assess the size representing the smoke value.
- the signature signals Sm + 1 to Sn are available.
- the signature signals S1 to Sn of the thermal and the optical path form the Entry level L0 of a layered, neural network NN, which is shown in FIG. 3 is.
- the representation of the neural network NN in FIG. 1 shows that these input variables are either dependent on the temperature signal (T), or the optical signal (O) or both.
- the network points next to the entrance level L0 still further levels L1 to L5 with so-called neurons or nodes on.
- the input variables of an addition weighted with parameters are stored in these and subjected to a maximum and / or minimum linkage. The addition takes place in the with A and the maximum and / or minimum linkage in the with M designated neurons.
- the network can be used in a learning environment be involved. This will be through the learning effect of the network certain connections prove to be preferred and reinforce and others will atrophy as it were.
- the network can also be used without a learning phase be structured. In both cases, the weights are used for safety reasons of the network frozen.
- the danger signal will in a quantization stage 24 one of several, for example at least three, assigned to security levels, and this assigned to one of the security levels Signal is the output signal GS of the neural network NN.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
- Fire Alarms (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
- Looms (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- ein Übersichtsdiagramm der Signalverarbeitung im Melder,
- Fig. 2a, b
- ein Schema der beiden Signalpfade der Signalverarbeitung; und
- Fig. 3
- in Diagramm des neuronalen Netzwerks der Signalverarbeitung.
- Die Messung der aktuellen ASIC-Temperatur mit Hilfe eines Einchip-Temperatursensors wurde bereits erwähnt. Diese Messung, die periodisch erfolgt, liefert einen Temperaturwert, mit dem die Temperaturgänge der optoelektronischen Bauteile softwaremässig kompensiert werde, so dass auch bei extremen Temperaturen zuverlässige Rauchdichtemessungen vorgenommen werden können.
- Die Funktionsweise der Signalnachführung wurde ebenfalls bereits erwähnt. Das Rauchdichtesignal wird von sehr niederfrequenten Anteilen befreit, um Einflüsse der Umwelt auszufiltern, die signifikant langsamer sind als Brandphänomene (beispielsweise Verstaubung). Damit wird eine sehr gute Langzeitkonstanz der Rauchempfindlichkeit erreicht.
- Regelmässig wird automatisch ein Selbsttest auf gewisse Fehler durchgeführt, der den Melder einer detaillierten Diagnose unterzieht.
- Diese neuronalen Netzwerke wären eine Art von Transversalfilter und hätten ein wesentlich geringeres Gedächtnis als rekursive Filter;
- am Ausgang jedes dieser neuronalen Netzwerke wäre nur je eine Signalsignatur pro Brandphänomen (Rauch, Temperatur) erhältlich, wogegen die vorgeschlagene Lösung S1 bis Sm Signalsignaturen für das Brandphänomen Temperatur und Sm+1 bis Sn Signalsignaturen für das Brandphänomen Rauch zur Verfügung stellt. Diese Mehrzahl von Signalsignaturen ist aber für die sichere Funktion des neuronalen Netzwerks NN (Fig. 3) sehr wichtig, weil man dieses dann so ausbilden kann, dass seine Funktionen voll verständlich und überblickbar sind. Und letzteres ist in einem Sicherheitssystem unbedingt erforderlich.
Claims (16)
- Anordnung zur Früherkennung von Bränden, mit einer Mehrzahl von mit einer Zentrale verbundenen Meldern, von denen einige mit mindestens zwei Sensoren (1, 2) für die Überwachung von verschiedenen Brandkenngrössen ausgerüstet sind, und mit Mitteln für die Verarbeitung der Signale der Sensoren (1, 2), welche dezentral in den Meldern angeordnet sind und einen Microcontroller (MCU) für die Aufbereitung der Sensorsignale und für die Signalverarbeitung mit dem Zweck der Gewinnung von Gefahrensignalen aufweisen, wobei die Gewinnung der Gefahrensignale in einem neuronalen Netzwerk (NN) erfolgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem neuronalen Netzwerk (NN) eine digitale Filterbank (12) vorgeschaltet ist, welcher die Signale mindestens einer Art der Sensoren (1) zugeführt sind, und welche an ihrem Ausgang für das neuronale Netzwerk mehrere Signalsignaturen oder Kriterien (S1 bis Sm) für das betreffende Brandphänomen zur Verfügung stellt.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die digitale Filterbank (12) rekursive Filter enthält.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das neuronale Netzwerk (NN) mehrere Ebenen (L1 bis L5) mit Knoten (A, M) aufweist, in denen die mit Parametern gewichteten Eingangsgrössen einer Addition und Maximum- und/oder Minimumverknüpfung unterworfen werden.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Signalverarbeitung für jeden der beiden Sensoren (1, 2) einen getrennten Pfad aufweist, und dass die beiden Pfade am Eingang des neuronalen Netzwerks (NN) zusammengeführt sind.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Microcontroller (MCU) eine Maske mit dem Betriebssystem und der Sensorsoftware des Melders und einen Datenspeicher aufweist, und dass dem Microcontroller ein ASIC (4) zugeordnet ist, der Verstärker und Filter für das Signal des Empfängers des optischen Sensors (2), einen Temperaturfühler, die Ansteuerelektronik für den Sender des optischen Sensors und einen Quarzoszillator enthält.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der thermische Pfad eine erste Stufe (S1) mit einem Vorspannungsnetzwerk (3) für den Betrieb des thermischen Sensors (1) und mit einem A/D-Wandler (5), eine zweite Stufe (S2) zur Aufbereitung der Signale und für eventuelle Kompensationen und eine dritte Stufe (S3) zur Gewinnung von Signalsignaturen enthält, welche Eingangsgrössen für das neuronale Netzwerk (NN) bilden.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Stufe (S2) einen Block (7) zur Analyse der Ausgangssignale des A/D-Wandlers (5) auf mögliche Fehler und/oder zur Kompensation des Einflusses von Änderungen der Treiberspannung auf den Messwert und/oder einen Block (8) zur Entfernung von Störspitzen, einen Block (9) zur Umrechnung des Messwerts in einen Temperaturwert und/oder einen Block (1 0 bzw. 1 1) zur Kompensation der Wärmeableitung und/oder der Wärmekapazität aufweist.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Block (8) zur Entfernung von Störspitzen eine Begrenzung der Signaländerung von einer Messung zur anderen auf bestimmte Werte erfolgt.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die dritte Stufe (S3) Mittel zur Verknüpfung der Ausgangssignale der genannten Elemente enthält, so dass am Ende des thermischen Pfades verschiedene aus den Temperatursignalen abgeleitete Signatursignale zur Verfügung stehen.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der optische Pfad eine erste Stufe (S1) mit einem Pulsgenerator (14) zum Treiben des Senders (15) und mit einem Integrator (16) für das Signal des Empfängers (15') des optischen Sensors (2), sowie mit einem A/D-Wandler (5), eine zweite Stufe (S2) zur Durchführung von eventuellen Kompensationen, und eine dritte Stufe (S3) zur Gewinnung von Signalsignaturen enthält, welche Eingangsgrössen für das neuronale Netzwerk (NN) bilden.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Integrator (16) ein Spannungsverstärker (17) für den Grobabgleich und diesem ein Filter (18) zur selektiven Detektion des empfangenen Lichtpulses unter Unterdrückung von Störsignalen nachgeschaltet ist.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch das Filter (18) vor, nach und während eines Lichtpulses eine Verrechnung der Signalimpuls-werte erfolgt.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Stufe (S2) einen Block (20) zur Bestimmung des Signalhubs, einen Block (21) zur Kompensation der Temperaturabgänge der opto-elektronischen Bauteile und /oder zum Feinabgleich, und/oder einen Block (22) zur Kompensation des Hintergrundsignals und zur Beseitigung von sich aus langsamen Umwelteinflüssen zusammensetzenden Signalanteilen aufweist, so dass das Ausgangssignal der zweiten Stufe einen abgeglichenen, temperaturkompensierten und nachgeführten Rauchwert darstellt.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die dritte Stufe (S3) einen Block (23) zur Beurteilung des zeitlichen Verhaltens des von der zweiten Stufe (S2) gelieferten Rauchwerts mittels einer Filterung enthält, und dass das so gefilterte Rauchwertsignal ein Signatursignal des optischen Pfades bildet.
- Anordnung nach den Ansprüchen 6 und 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in den Knoten (A, M) des neuronalen Netzwerks (NN) eine Konzentration der Eingangsgrössen erfolgt, und dass an der Ausgangsebene (L5) des Netzwerks ein skalares Gefahrensignal erhältlich und in einer Quantisierungsstufe (24) einer von mehreren Gefahrenstufen zugeordnet ist.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem neuronalen Netzwerk (NN) eine Verifizierungsstufe (6) zur Verifizierung der definitiven Gefahrenstufe nachgeordnet ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH03479/93A CH686913A5 (de) | 1993-11-22 | 1993-11-22 | Anordnung zur Frueherkennung von Braenden. |
| CH3479/93 | 1993-11-22 | ||
| CH347993 | 1993-11-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0654770A1 EP0654770A1 (de) | 1995-05-24 |
| EP0654770B1 true EP0654770B1 (de) | 2000-02-02 |
Family
ID=4256867
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94113869A Expired - Lifetime EP0654770B1 (de) | 1993-11-22 | 1994-09-05 | Anordnung zur Früherkennung von Bränden |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5751209A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0654770B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH07192189A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1052087C (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE189549T1 (de) |
| CH (1) | CH686913A5 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE59409119D1 (de) |
| DK (1) | DK0654770T3 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2144474T3 (de) |
| PT (1) | PT654770E (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19902319B4 (de) * | 1999-01-21 | 2011-06-30 | Novar GmbH, Albstadt-Ebingen Zweigniederlassung Neuss, 41469 | Streulichtbrandmelder |
Families Citing this family (30)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5659292A (en) * | 1995-02-21 | 1997-08-19 | Pittway Corporation | Apparatus including a fire sensor and a non-fire sensor |
| ATE208074T1 (de) | 1995-08-23 | 2001-11-15 | Siemens Building Tech Ag | Brandmelder |
| AU764012B2 (en) * | 1998-09-09 | 2003-08-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fire alarm and fire alarm system |
| DE19932906A1 (de) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-01-18 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Anordnung zum Erfassen einer Wärmequelle in einem überwachten Gebiet |
| US6493687B1 (en) * | 1999-12-18 | 2002-12-10 | Detection Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for detecting glass break |
| DE10011411C2 (de) | 2000-03-09 | 2003-08-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Bildgebender Brandmelder |
| US6184792B1 (en) | 2000-04-19 | 2001-02-06 | George Privalov | Early fire detection method and apparatus |
| US7034701B1 (en) * | 2000-06-16 | 2006-04-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Identification of fire signatures for shipboard multi-criteria fire detection systems |
| PT102617B (pt) | 2001-05-30 | 2004-01-30 | Inst Superior Tecnico | Sistema lidar controlado por computador para localizacao de fumo, aplicavel, em particular, a deteccao precoce de incendios florestais |
| FR2831981B1 (fr) * | 2001-11-08 | 2005-07-08 | Cit Alcatel | Procede et dispositif d'analyse d'alarmes provenant d'un reseau de communication |
| US7805002B2 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2010-09-28 | Axonx Fike Corporation | Smoke detection method and apparatus |
| US7680297B2 (en) * | 2004-05-18 | 2010-03-16 | Axonx Fike Corporation | Fire detection method and apparatus |
| US7202794B2 (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2007-04-10 | General Monitors, Inc. | Flame detection system |
| US8248226B2 (en) | 2004-11-16 | 2012-08-21 | Black & Decker Inc. | System and method for monitoring security at a premises |
| EP1768074A1 (de) | 2005-09-21 | 2007-03-28 | Siemens Schweiz AG | Frühzeitige Detektion von Bränden |
| US7769204B2 (en) * | 2006-02-13 | 2010-08-03 | George Privalov | Smoke detection method and apparatus |
| CA2675705A1 (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2008-07-24 | Utc Fire & Security Corporation | System and method for video based fire detection |
| US8378808B1 (en) | 2007-04-06 | 2013-02-19 | Torrain Gwaltney | Dual intercom-interfaced smoke/fire detection system and associated method |
| US7786880B2 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2010-08-31 | Honeywell International Inc. | Smoke detector |
| US8531286B2 (en) * | 2007-09-05 | 2013-09-10 | Stanley Convergent Security Solutions, Inc. | System and method for monitoring security at a premises using line card with secondary communications channel |
| ATE493724T1 (de) † | 2008-02-15 | 2011-01-15 | Siemens Ag | Gefahrenerkennung mit einbezug einer in einem mikrocontroller integrierten temperaturmesseinrichtung |
| CN104008625A (zh) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-08-27 | 关宏 | 一种图像智能火灾疏散系统 |
| CN104933841B (zh) * | 2015-04-30 | 2018-04-10 | 重庆三峡学院 | 一种基于自组织神经网络的火灾预测方法 |
| EP3531386B1 (de) * | 2016-10-24 | 2024-06-12 | Hochiki Corporation | Feuerüberwachungssystem |
| CN111263958B (zh) * | 2017-10-30 | 2022-05-27 | 开利公司 | 检测器装置中的补偿器 |
| AU2019274402B2 (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2024-12-05 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | Systems and methods of real-time electronic fire sprinkler location and activation |
| US11361654B2 (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-06-14 | Honeywell International Inc. | Operating a fire system network |
| US11615684B2 (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2023-03-28 | Pixart Imaging Inc. | Smoke detector |
| CN114333251B (zh) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-06-20 | 成都中科慧源科技有限公司 | 一种智能报警器、方法、系统、设备和存储介质 |
| CN119169757B (zh) * | 2024-09-20 | 2025-07-22 | 宁波千里眼智能科技有限公司 | 一种起火预测变频巡检方法、介质及系统 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3099825A (en) * | 1960-09-30 | 1963-07-30 | Harriman Cy | Control units for fire protective signaling systems |
| US3703721A (en) * | 1971-06-01 | 1972-11-21 | Audio Alert Corp | Fire alarm system |
| US4027302A (en) * | 1976-06-03 | 1977-05-31 | W. E. Healey & Associates, Inc. | Double detection circuit for conserving energy in fire detection systems and the like |
| US4319229A (en) * | 1980-06-09 | 1982-03-09 | Firecom, Inc. | Alarm system having plural diverse detection means |
| JPS58127292A (ja) * | 1982-01-26 | 1983-07-29 | ニツタン株式会社 | 火災感知システム |
| US4633230A (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1986-12-30 | Tam Wee M | Cooking, fire, and burglar alarm system |
| JPH0778484B2 (ja) * | 1986-05-16 | 1995-08-23 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 空燃比センサの温度制御装置 |
| EP0338218B1 (de) * | 1988-03-30 | 1993-09-15 | Cerberus Ag | Verfahren zur Brandfrüherkennung |
| DE68926958T2 (de) * | 1988-12-02 | 1997-04-03 | Nohmi Bosai Ltd | Feueralarmsystem |
| IT225152Z2 (it) * | 1990-11-05 | 1996-10-22 | G P B Beghelli S R L Ora Begne | Perfezionamento nelle lampade di emergenza, specialmente di tipo por- tatile, provviste di un sensore di un gas e/o di fumo nocivo da combu-stione. |
-
1993
- 1993-11-22 CH CH03479/93A patent/CH686913A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1994
- 1994-09-05 DK DK94113869T patent/DK0654770T3/da active
- 1994-09-05 ES ES94113869T patent/ES2144474T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-05 AT AT94113869T patent/ATE189549T1/de active
- 1994-09-05 DE DE59409119T patent/DE59409119D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-05 PT PT94113869T patent/PT654770E/pt unknown
- 1994-09-05 EP EP94113869A patent/EP0654770B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-20 JP JP6225006A patent/JPH07192189A/ja active Pending
- 1994-11-20 US US08/345,735 patent/US5751209A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-22 CN CN94118504A patent/CN1052087C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19902319B4 (de) * | 1999-01-21 | 2011-06-30 | Novar GmbH, Albstadt-Ebingen Zweigniederlassung Neuss, 41469 | Streulichtbrandmelder |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PT654770E (pt) | 2000-07-31 |
| EP0654770A1 (de) | 1995-05-24 |
| CH686913A5 (de) | 1996-07-31 |
| ATE189549T1 (de) | 2000-02-15 |
| JPH07192189A (ja) | 1995-07-28 |
| DK0654770T3 (da) | 2000-07-17 |
| ES2144474T3 (es) | 2000-06-16 |
| CN1052087C (zh) | 2000-05-03 |
| CN1122486A (zh) | 1996-05-15 |
| DE59409119D1 (de) | 2000-03-09 |
| US5751209A (en) | 1998-05-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0654770B1 (de) | Anordnung zur Früherkennung von Bränden | |
| DE4436658B4 (de) | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Störungsuntersuchung | |
| DE69737336T2 (de) | Auf Gültigkeit prüfende Sensoren | |
| DE60014709T3 (de) | Zweidraht-sender mit selbstprüfung und niedriger leistung | |
| DE69226277T2 (de) | Fail-safe fuehlerschaltung | |
| DE3611816C2 (de) | ||
| DE10140134A1 (de) | Multi-Sensor Detector | |
| DE10297009T5 (de) | Sensorfusion unter Verwendung von selbstvaluierenden Prozesssensoren | |
| DE3832428A1 (de) | Personen-erfassungsvorrichtung | |
| DE2710877C2 (de) | Einbruch-Alarmsystem | |
| DE19622806A1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erfassen eines Feuers mit verschiedenen Arten von Feuersensoren | |
| WO2006037804A1 (de) | Streulicht-rauchmelder | |
| DE69019652T2 (de) | Erfassung und Messung von Signalen in faseroptischen Systemen. | |
| EP1860410A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Verarbeitung des Ausgangssignals eines Messumformers sowie Kraftmessvorrichtung | |
| EP0157117A1 (de) | Testvorrichtung für Intrusionsmelder | |
| WO1995033248A1 (de) | Aktiver infrarotmelder | |
| EP0660282B1 (de) | Brandmeldesystem zur Früherkennung von Bränden | |
| DE19625896A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Warnmeldung in einer Analysevorrichtung bei Fehlfunktion einer selbsttätigen Kalibrierung | |
| EP0231786A2 (de) | Verfahren zur Elimination von Störungen eines Messsignals | |
| EP1736748B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Verarbeitung des Ausgangssignals eines Messumformers sowie eine Kraftmessvorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens. | |
| EP0877996A2 (de) | Vorrichtung zum erzeugen eines alarms und zur überwachung eines gebietes | |
| DE3885745T2 (de) | Elektrooptisches datenverarbeitungssystem mit geräuschimmunität. | |
| EP0707247A1 (de) | Analysegerät, insbesondere für Abwasser | |
| DE19611503C1 (de) | Einrichtung in einem Kraftfahrzeug zur Übertragung von mit Hilfe eines Sensors erzeugten Signalen | |
| DE4244761A1 (de) | Füllstand-Meßsystem und Verfahren zur Testsignalübertragung in einem solchen Füllstand-Meßsystem |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IE IT LI LU NL PT SE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19951115 |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19980421 |
|
| GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: SIEMENS BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES AG |
|
| GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
| GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
| GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IE IT LI LU NL PT SE |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 189549 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 20000215 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20000202 |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59409119 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20000309 |
|
| ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed | ||
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: GERMAN |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2144474 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PT Ref legal event code: SC4A Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION Effective date: 20000428 |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed | ||
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PFA Owner name: SIEMENS BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES AG C-IPR Free format text: SIEMENS BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES AG#ALTE LANDSTRASSE 411#8708 MAENNEDORF (CH) -TRANSFER TO- SIEMENS BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES AG C-IPR#GUBELSTRASSE 22#6300 ZUG (CH) |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Payment date: 20070910 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Payment date: 20070911 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PT Ref legal event code: PC4A Owner name: SIEMENS SCHWEIZ AG, US Effective date: 20080829 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PT Ref legal event code: PC4A Owner name: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, DE Effective date: 20080829 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: TP Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: CD |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PUE Owner name: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT Free format text: SIEMENS BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES AG C-IPR#GUBELSTRASSE 22#6300 ZUG (CH) -TRANSFER TO- SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT#WITTELSBACHERPLATZ 2#80333 MUENCHEN (DE) Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: SIEMENS SCHWEIZ AG |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: EBP |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: 732E Free format text: REGISTERED BETWEEN 20090514 AND 20090520 |
|
| BECA | Be: change of holder's address |
Owner name: SIEMENS A.G.WITTELSBACHERPLATZ 2, DE-80333 MUENCHE Effective date: 20100423 |
|
| BECH | Be: change of holder |
Owner name: SIEMENS A.G. Effective date: 20100423 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090331 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080905 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: SD Effective date: 20110318 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Payment date: 20110923 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20110810 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: PT Payment date: 20110825 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20110908 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20110927 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20110913 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20111013 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20111013 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PT Ref legal event code: MM4A Free format text: LAPSE DUE TO NON-PAYMENT OF FEES Effective date: 20130305 |
|
| BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: SIEMENS A.G. Effective date: 20120930 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: V1 Effective date: 20130401 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120906 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: EUG |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MM01 Ref document number: 189549 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20120905 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130305 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120905 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120930 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120905 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130401 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120905 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20131018 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120906 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20130924 Year of fee payment: 20 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20130911 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20131210 Year of fee payment: 20 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20131120 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R071 Ref document number: 59409119 Country of ref document: DE |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: PE20 Expiry date: 20140904 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION Effective date: 20140906 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION Effective date: 20140904 |