EP0657268A2 - Procédé et dispositif de moulage par injection d'articles multicouches - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de moulage par injection d'articles multicouches Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0657268A2
EP0657268A2 EP94117073A EP94117073A EP0657268A2 EP 0657268 A2 EP0657268 A2 EP 0657268A2 EP 94117073 A EP94117073 A EP 94117073A EP 94117073 A EP94117073 A EP 94117073A EP 0657268 A2 EP0657268 A2 EP 0657268A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
injection
plastic
injection molding
lacquer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94117073A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0657268A3 (fr
EP0657268B1 (fr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Battenfeld GmbH
Original Assignee
Battenfeld GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4340990A external-priority patent/DE4340990C2/de
Application filed by Battenfeld GmbH filed Critical Battenfeld GmbH
Publication of EP0657268A2 publication Critical patent/EP0657268A2/fr
Publication of EP0657268A3 publication Critical patent/EP0657268A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0657268B1 publication Critical patent/EP0657268B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1603—Multi-way nozzles specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1642—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles having a "sandwich" structure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for injection molding objects consisting of at least two different layers.
  • DE 23 42 794 C3 discloses multilayer molded parts made of thermoplastic material which have a foamed core and an unfoamed outer skin. There, a part of the non-foamed plastic and then a plastic containing a blowing agent is injected into a mold or a molding tool simultaneously with further non-foamed plastic via a central nozzle and a ring nozzle surrounding it, namely the non-foamed plastic through the central nozzle and the a plastic containing blowing agent through the ring nozzle.
  • Shaped parts made of plastic containing blowing agents have the advantage over molded parts made of compact plastic that they can be manufactured independently of the wall thickness on the one hand and are much lighter on the other hand, which saves material without disadvantage for the strength.
  • a spray head for injection molding multi-layer molded parts from two different plastics which can be inserted into the spray head from two separate injection cylinders is known from DE 30 25 597 C2.
  • a central nozzle for one plastic projects into the spray head, the mouth of which, seen in the spraying direction, before the mouth of an annular nozzle concentrically surrounding the central nozzle for the other plastic lies.
  • a common, central cylindrical valve body which is guided in the spray head with its longitudinal section at the rear in the direction of spraying, and axially displaceable by an external drive and can be inserted with its front end into the mouth of the ring nozzle, serves to close and release the mouth of the ring nozzle and the feed from plastic to the central nozzle.
  • the molded parts are often given a certain appearance or particularly functional properties by surface refinement.
  • the molded parts are therefore often painted, which, however, requires a separate operation and a corresponding system.
  • DE 24 49 758 A describes a prior art process for the production of molded parts from a thermoplastic containing a blowing agent, with which an improved surface of the molded parts should result.
  • the plasticized plastic is therefore pressed immediately after it emerges from the nozzle of an extruder against an air or gas cushion which is built up in the mold cavity of the mold and which is adjustable in its pressure height and which escapes from the mold cavity under the counterpressure of the inflowing plastic.
  • subsequent painting is also required for the molded parts produced in this way, which usually also requires a leveling and sanding process.
  • DE 23 46 135 C2 has disclosed a process for the continuous production of multi-layer molded parts made of thermoplastic material with a foamed core and a non-foamed outer skin, in which a non-foaming plastic strand with an annular cross section and a plastic strand containing a blowing agent therein be injected into a mold.
  • the plastic strand containing the blowing agent with a core injected from non-foaming plastic into the cavity of the mold.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus of the type mentioned, with which improved - especially in terms of surface quality - molded parts can be injection molded in a simple manner.
  • At least one layer preferably the outer layer, is produced from a lacquer.
  • a plastic with coating properties can also be suitable for the outer skin.
  • the spray sequence can be varied or changed from case to case; it is thus possible to first introduce the paint and then the plastic or alternatively first the plastic and then the paint into the mold cavity.
  • a screw spraying unit or another device suitable for injecting the paint can be used.
  • the viscosities of the materials used should be matched to one another in both the two and three-layer structure of the multi-component molded part, e.g. the viscosity of the skin material, i.e. the lacquer layer be less than or equal to the viscosity of the core material.
  • the paint can first be injected into the mold cavity using, for example, the two-color injection molding process, and after the mold has been opened, the paint molded part remaining in one half of the tool can be brought into connection with another cavity, which forms the cavity for injecting the plastic; alternatively, the plastic and then the lacquer can be introduced into the new cavity.
  • a preferred two-stage injection molding can be carried out, for example, with two tool sets which have two identical and two different tool halves, the tool halves being rotated after the injection of the first material or shifting into a position corresponding to the injection of the second material.
  • Using a sliding table it is also possible to use two different tool halves alternately and to inject the paint in the first step and plastic in the second step, or vice versa.
  • an intermediate robot can remove a molded part from the open mold halves of the first machine and insert it into the mold halves of the second machine.
  • Composite injection molding (Combiform) is particularly suitable when only partial painting on the molded part is required.
  • only a tool is used, but which has displaceable inserts, with which certain areas in the tool can first be closed and then opened.
  • the molded parts which are coated with lacquer by one of the described or known processes can also be produced using the internal gas pressure process or in multi-component injection molding in conjunction with the internal gas pressure process, consequently gas is injected into the moldings to be coated with lacquer to form cavities.
  • thermoplastic powder coating is used or used; alternatively, liquid paints can be used.
  • the solid, thermoplastic powder lacquer - which can also be in the form of granules - dispenses with the solvent, which enables more environmentally friendly handling.
  • Powder coating instead of solvent coating has long been known for metal.
  • acrylates, polyesters and polyurethanes as well as epoxies and epoxy / polyester hybrids are possible as base materials for the thermoplastic powder coatings, but also vinyl resins, nylon and thermoplastics.
  • From DE 42 04 266 A1 are for covering can welds and in particular for Internal coating of packaging containers suitable thermoplastic powder coatings known and characterized.
  • the powder coatings described there can also be used, for example, in the process according to the invention.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides that the material of the base or core layer and / or the paint of the outer layer is sheared during injection, which favors the plasticization of the plastic material of the core in particular, which can optionally be composed of paint and plastic.
  • varnishes that enable subsequent hardening are used, e.g. under electron beam or radiation crosslinking, as is known from EP 0 297 520 B1 in a method and a device for painting workpieces with an electrically insulating surface by electrical application or spray application.
  • the surfaces to be painted are directly exposed to a DC corona.
  • additives are preferably added to the core material and / or the lacquer.
  • these can be adhesion promoters to improve the compatibility of plastic and paint.
  • One embodiment further provides that a core material - as known per se - is used with the addition of propellant.
  • a device for carrying out the method has a molding tool, which is preceded by at least one main injection unit with an injection unit that allows the injection molding of multi-layer objects. It can consequently be injection molding machines known as such, for example for multi-component injection molding technology operated by the two-channel or three-channel method, which have two plasticizing / injection units which are suitable for Temperature control, the plasticizing control and the injection control are independent of each other. Both units can be connected to each other via a common nozzle, alternatively a demouldable sprue used as a nozzle.
  • the molded parts produced by the known two-channel or multi-component injection molding process always have a three-layer structure, ie the skin / core / skin structure results from one side to the other.
  • the goal is usually to surround the core material with skin material on all sides.
  • three raw materials are injected in the three-channel injection molding process, so that in the finished molded part there is a core material inside, which is surrounded on all sides by a middle material, which in turn is surrounded on all sides by the skin material.
  • a certain amount of skin material is injected first, followed by skin and core material, the latter injection phase being longer or shorter in order to make the switch from skin to core material as seamless as possible.
  • the mold cavity is then completely filled with the core material, which can either be compact or provided with a blowing agent, depending on the wall thicknesses and the intended use of the injection molded part.
  • the spray sequence is basically the same as before, with the only difference that the three materials are injected in the order of skin, middle material and core material.
  • the so-called mono-sandwich technique is also suitable, in which two melts are first collected in succession in a common injection cylinder in order to be subsequently injected into the cavity of the mold with a single stroke. Doing so According to the flow properties, the melt lying at the front first flows into the cavity and then inevitably flows through the melt at the rear during further spraying, whereby a multi-component molded part can be obtained, the outer skin or layer of which is made of lacquer, if one the melt streams is a lacquer, in particular thermoplastic powder lacquer.
  • shear gaps are provided in the feed channels and / or the associated nozzle gaps for the layer materials in the injection unit. These favor the plasticization of the plastic materials to be sprayed. This can also be achieved by regulating the nozzle gaps of the spray nozzle for each channel. In this case, shear occurs during injection by regulating the nozzle gap for each individual channel.
  • the molding tool is advantageously designed with overflow channels that can be controlled or uncontrolled, secondary cavities can be achieved. This makes it possible to favor that the core material can still get to this point even in places to which no core material comes, by displacing excess skin material.
  • the molding tool can be designed as a plunge edge tool.
  • the mold cavity volume is increased only after complete filling of the mold or mold space, for example by withdrawing cores.
  • the core material contains a blowing agent, e.g. in the two-channel injection molding process, then the expansion of the blowing agent follows the outer contour of the molded part of the tool contour, i.e. a molded part is created with an increased volume compared to the initial value, and as a result of the expansion of the blowing agent with a Foam structure inside.
  • the technology with plunge edge or core tools can be combined with an embossing process, namely by opening the tool after injecting the plastic and injecting an amount of lacquer corresponding to the desired volume, and then closing the tool so that an embossing and, as a result of the pressure, results in an even distribution over the entire plastic surface. In this way, very thin layers of lacquer can also be achieved.
  • the plunge edge tool can be modified by sealing the mold cavity and applying a back pressure - even before the melt is injected.
  • the gas back pressure applied in the cavity must be greater than the pressure of the blowing agent in the melt in order to prevent foaming of the blowing agent during the filling with an initially reduced volume. Only after the tool has been filled and opened does the blowing agent of the core material expand and fill the cavity. It is pointed out that the back pressure when injection molding lacquer in connection with plunge edge tools and foamed plastic in the core is not absolutely necessary in order to produce a good surface of the injection molded article.
  • the coating material itself envelops the melt containing blowing agent and prevents the foamed core material from breaking through.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides that the injection unit has a spray nozzle with nozzle needles inserted from the front. Compared to the usual nozzle heads, in which the two nozzle needles for the main and core material only towards the rear, in the direction of the hydraulic part or connections can be pulled out, this provides a significant ease of assembly; the nozzle or the nozzle body no longer needs to be removed. Likewise, quick cleaning of the nozzle inserts is made possible.
  • the nozzle needles be connected to the hydraulic part via quick couplings. After unscrewing the nozzle head, there is free access to the outer nozzle needle from the front, and after loosening the couplings (claw coupling, screw connection, etc.), which establish the connection between the mechanical nozzle needles and the hydraulics required for actuation, the outer one Pull the nozzle needle out to the front and then also remove the inner nozzle needle.
  • all tool nozzles known per se which are suitable for the production of multi-layer molded parts can have the function of, optionally three separate material feeds with a corresponding closing mechanism ( vg1.DE 22 47 995 C2 and DE 23 46 135 C2), spray nozzle.
  • injection molding machine for producing two-component molded parts 1 (see FIG. 3)
  • two injection units 2, 3 are in the figures, each of which has a feed channel 4 or 5 connected to one of them
  • one outside of the nozzle plate arranged 6 includes injection unit 7, and a molding tool 9 lying against the mouth of the spray nozzle 6 and including a mold cavity or cavity 8 is shown.
  • thermoplastic powder lacquer 12 in a metering device 11 of the injection unit 3, which plasticizes in the injection unit 3 and as a melt stream via the feed channel 5 into the injection unit 7 and from there reaches the mold cavity 8 of the mold 9 via the spray nozzle 6.
  • the outer layer 10 forms there.
  • the injection unit 2 which stores the plastic material for the base or core layer 14 in its metering device 11, is at rest.
  • thermoplastic powder paint 12 and plastic material 13 begins with a more or less long transition phase, that is to say both injection units 2, 3 are in operation, which, in contrast to FIG. 1 on both injection units 2, 3 fully highlighted arrows.
  • the plastic material 13 of the core layer 14 or the plasticized melt flow of the plastic material 13 is highlighted in the figures for clarity compared to the melt flow of the lacquer.
  • the phase of the joint injection of powder coating 12 and plastic material 13 can be longer or shorter and should in any case be designed in such a way that switching from skin to skin is as seamless as possible Can reach core material.
  • An injection unit 107 shown in FIG. 4 is provided with nozzle needles 15, 16 which can be pulled out to the front, and without requiring complete disassembly, cleaning or replacement of the nozzle inserts of the spray nozzle 106 is possible in a simple manner. It is only necessary to unscrew the nozzle head 17 from the nozzle body 18 in order to provide free access to the nozzle needles 15, 16 from the front. Both the outer and the inner nozzle needles 15 and 16 are connected via quick couplings 19, 20 to a hydraulic part 21 required for their actuation, indicated schematically as a black box. After the quick couplings 19, 20 have been released, the outer nozzle needle 15 can first be pulled out of the nozzle body 18 together with the inner nozzle needle 16 and then the inner nozzle needle 15 can be pulled out of the outer nozzle needle 16.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
EP94117073A 1993-11-05 1994-10-28 Procédé et dispositif de moulage par injection d'articles multicouches Expired - Lifetime EP0657268B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4337829 1993-11-05
DE4337829 1993-11-05
DE4340990 1993-12-01
DE4340990A DE4340990C2 (de) 1993-11-05 1993-12-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Spritzgießen von mehrschichtigen Gegenständen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0657268A2 true EP0657268A2 (fr) 1995-06-14
EP0657268A3 EP0657268A3 (fr) 1995-08-30
EP0657268B1 EP0657268B1 (fr) 1999-05-26

Family

ID=25931015

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94117073A Expired - Lifetime EP0657268B1 (fr) 1993-11-05 1994-10-28 Procédé et dispositif de moulage par injection d'articles multicouches

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5667819A (fr)
EP (1) EP0657268B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2980818B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE180433T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2135150A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0657268T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2134306T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020109197A1 (de) 2020-04-02 2021-10-07 STG Stanztechnik GmbH & Co. KG Kanalsystem zum kontinuierlichen Einspritzen einer plastifizierten Formmasse in ein Formgebungswerkzeug, Spritzgussvorrichtung sowie Verfahren zur Steuerung und Regelung eines kontinuierlichen Einspritzvorgangs einer derartigen Spritzgussvorrichtung
DE202020006061U1 (de) 2020-04-02 2024-08-26 STG Stanztechnik GmbH & Co. KG Kanalsystem zum kontinuierlichen Einspritzen einer plastifizierten Formmasse in ein Formgebungswerkzeug sowie Spritzgussvorrichtung

Families Citing this family (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6039554A (en) * 1995-12-18 2000-03-21 Akutagawa Confectionery Co., Ltd. Molding apparatus for producing solidified articles
US5972258A (en) * 1997-10-20 1999-10-26 Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd. Method of using a multiple gating nozzle
US6305563B1 (en) 1999-01-12 2001-10-23 Aptargroup, Inc, One-piece dispensing structure and method and apparatus for making same
JP4025520B2 (ja) * 2001-08-10 2007-12-19 東芝機械株式会社 サンドイッチ成形方法
JP2003181873A (ja) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-02 Toshiba Mach Co Ltd 射出成形機の樹脂替え方法及びサンドイッチ成形品
US6842223B2 (en) * 2003-04-11 2005-01-11 Nikon Precision Inc. Enhanced illuminator for use in photolithographic systems
FR2901504B1 (fr) * 2006-05-29 2012-10-26 Plastigray Procede de fabrication d'une piece injectee, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede et piece obtenue

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020109197A1 (de) 2020-04-02 2021-10-07 STG Stanztechnik GmbH & Co. KG Kanalsystem zum kontinuierlichen Einspritzen einer plastifizierten Formmasse in ein Formgebungswerkzeug, Spritzgussvorrichtung sowie Verfahren zur Steuerung und Regelung eines kontinuierlichen Einspritzvorgangs einer derartigen Spritzgussvorrichtung
DE202020006061U1 (de) 2020-04-02 2024-08-26 STG Stanztechnik GmbH & Co. KG Kanalsystem zum kontinuierlichen Einspritzen einer plastifizierten Formmasse in ein Formgebungswerkzeug sowie Spritzgussvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0657268A3 (fr) 1995-08-30
JP2980818B2 (ja) 1999-11-22
ES2134306T3 (es) 1999-10-01
US5667819A (en) 1997-09-16
DK0657268T3 (da) 1999-11-29
CA2135150A1 (fr) 1995-05-06
EP0657268B1 (fr) 1999-05-26
JPH07205197A (ja) 1995-08-08
ATE180433T1 (de) 1999-06-15

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