EP0657630B1 - Anordnung zur aktiven Schalldämpfung - Google Patents

Anordnung zur aktiven Schalldämpfung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0657630B1
EP0657630B1 EP94118621A EP94118621A EP0657630B1 EP 0657630 B1 EP0657630 B1 EP 0657630B1 EP 94118621 A EP94118621 A EP 94118621A EP 94118621 A EP94118621 A EP 94118621A EP 0657630 B1 EP0657630 B1 EP 0657630B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loudspeaker
pipe
sound
exhaust gas
exhaust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94118621A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0657630A1 (de
Inventor
Stefan Geisenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nokia Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Nokia Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Technology GmbH filed Critical Nokia Technology GmbH
Publication of EP0657630A1 publication Critical patent/EP0657630A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0657630B1 publication Critical patent/EP0657630B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/06—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect
    • F01N1/065—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect by using an active noise source, e.g. speakers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of exhaust gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/18—Structure or shape of exhaust gas passages, pipes or tubes the axis of inlet or outlet tubes being other than the longitudinal axis of apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/101—One dimensional
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/112—Ducts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/128—Vehicles
    • G10K2210/1282—Automobiles
    • G10K2210/12822—Exhaust pipes or mufflers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/321—Physical
    • G10K2210/3227—Resonators
    • G10K2210/32272—Helmholtz resonators

Definitions

  • the invention is concerned with an arrangement for active sound damping, in particular with one for active sound damping in thermally and chemically stressed exhaust gas streams.
  • the term active noise damping is understood to mean a measure in which the noise to be damped is overlaid with a noise that is out of phase by 180 °.
  • These - working on the principle of extinguishing sound waves - arrangements are generally designed so that by means of an arrangement the noise to be damped is detected electro-acoustically and transferred from a signal processing arrangement into a signal curve that is 180 ° out of phase with the detected signal curve before the phase-shifted signal to Control of an electroacoustic transducer is used.
  • FIG. 2 This basic illustration shows an exhaust pipe 10, in which the exhaust gases coming from the internal combustion engine (not shown) flow (indicated by the puncturing) in the direction of the arrow.
  • a cone loudspeaker 12 is inserted into each of these openings 11 in such a way that the loudspeaker diaphragm 13 of the two loudspeakers 12 face each other and are thus in direct contact with the exhaust gases with their mutually facing membrane sides 14.
  • the latter is illustrated in that the exhaust gas also fills the areas B of the loudspeakers 12 formed by the membrane cones 13.
  • the rear part of the loudspeakers 12, that is to say the part which comprises the magnet system 15, is surrounded by a housing 16 which encapsulates the loudspeakers with respect to the environment.
  • the loudspeaker 12 of which causes the sound in the exhaust pipe 10 to be displaced by 180 ° out of phase sound signals good sound cancellation in the exhaust pipe is effected, but it is perceived as a disadvantage that the loudspeaker diaphragms 13 of such an arrangement are in direct contact with the exhaust gases and the exhaust pipe. This is because the exhaust gases are thermally and chemically stressed and these stresses on the one hand change the acoustic properties of the loudspeakers during operation and on the other hand considerably shorten the life of the membranes 13 and their suspensions (not shown).
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying an active sound attenuation system which avoids the disadvantages according to the prior art.
  • the partition is arranged so that the beam axis S of the loudspeaker, which runs perpendicular to the partition when the loudspeaker is inserted in the partition, intersects the part of the center line M which extends outside the mouth region of the exhaust pipe and that the distance E between the area of the partition in which the loudspeaker is arranged and the intersection of the beam axis S with the center line M carries a maximum of 75% of the largest dimension of the loudspeaker diameter.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the loudspeaker powers required for sound cancellation can be considerably reduced if the spacing between the sound source and the anti-sound source is small.
  • the inventor has found that the sound pressure drop from sound events in flowing gases is less than the sound pressure drop in non-flowing gases. The latter has the result that when the sound or anti-sound source is at a large distance from the area in which the two types of sound waves meet, the sound pressure level of the source which is in a gas stream is high and the sound pressure level of the other source which is not exposed to a gas flow, has experienced a disproportionate reduction.
  • the disproportionate reduction in the sound pressure level can only be compensated for by applying a higher power to the sound source that is not in the gas flow. Conversely, it means however, this also means that the decrease in the sound pressure level of the source, which is not exposed to a gas flow, is smaller if the distance between this source and the area where the sound waves from both sources meet is reduced.
  • this reduction is not without problems, because there the source (loudspeaker), which provides the sound waves for extinguishing the sound waves in the exhaust gas flow, is confronted with the hot exhaust gases.
  • the inventive merit can be seen in the fact that the inventor has determined a distance E between the loudspeaker and the exhaust gas flow, which, if observed, ensures an optimum between the lifespan of the loudspeaker and sound cancellation. It is essential here that the beam axis S intersects the center line M in the specified range.
  • the beam axis S intersects the center line M at an angle ⁇ between 20 and 90 degrees, preferably at an angle between 20 and 60 degrees, this ensures that the loudspeaker used in the partition is only thermally stressed to a small extent by the exhaust gas flow.
  • the distance length E can easily be reduced to a value which corresponds to the radius of the greatest extension of the speaker diameter. This reduction in the distance length E to the respective radius of the loudspeaker is also possible if the angle ⁇ is above 60 degrees. It has been shown, however, that the lifespan of the loudspeaker is slightly reduced at these angular values and that sound cancellation is slightly worse.
  • the tube which is inserted into the sound outlet opening is a bass reflex tube
  • this tube can be used a vote of the box can be carried out in a very simple manner.
  • the bass reflex tube should form the end of the entire exhaust system, since any extension of this tube beyond what is necessary for tuning the box results in a misalignment and thus also leads to a deterioration in sound cancellation.
  • a good transfer of the exhaust gases into the pipe with good sound suppression is given if the distance A is not greater than 3 centimeters.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a loudspeaker box 17, which is divided by a partition 18 into two different volumes.
  • An opening 19 is inserted into the partition wall 18, into which the loudspeaker 12 is inserted.
  • the membrane 13 of the loudspeaker 12 points in the direction of the volume of the box 17, which is provided with the sound outlet opening 20.
  • the bass reflex tube 21 is inserted into the sound outlet opening 20, the end of the bass reflex tube 21, which is close to the loudspeaker 12, projecting into the interior of the box 17.
  • the other end of the bass reflex tube 21 forms the end of the whole Exhaust system so that the exhaust gases are released into the environment after leaving the bass reflex tube.
  • the exhaust pipe 10 is also guided into the volume of the box 17, into which the bass reflex pipe 21 opens, and ends there.
  • the direction of flow of the exhaust gases (represented by the puncturing) is indicated by the arrow.
  • the exhaust pipe 10 has a smaller inner diameter than the bass reflex pipe 21 and the ends of the exhaust pipe 10 and the bass reflex pipe 21, which protrude into the volume of the box 17, are at a distance A from one another.
  • the mutually facing ends of exhaust pipe 10 and bass reflex pipe 21, which are also referred to as mouth areas 22, have the same central axis M, so that if one neglects the mutual distance A between the two pipes 10, 21, of a coaxial arrangement of both tubes 10, 21 can be spoken.
  • the partition wall 18 in the area in which the loudspeaker 12 is arranged being shaped in such a way that the beam axis S of the loudspeaker 12 running perpendicular to the partition wall 18 is aligned with the axis of symmetry of the loudspeaker 12 coincides, the center line M, which runs through the mouth regions 22 of the tubes 10, 21 and the distance A, intersects outside the mouth region 22 of the exhaust pipe 10.
  • the point of intersection between the beam axis S and the center line M lies within the tube 21.
  • the angle ⁇ between the center line M and the beam axis S has a value of approximately 45 °.
  • the distance A between the facing mouth regions is 2 cm.
  • the distance length E which indicates the length of the beam axis S between the partition 18 and the intersection of the beam axis S with the center line M, is 75% of the largest diameter extension of the loudspeaker 12 in the exemplary embodiment shown.
  • the sound cancellation can be further increased, the distance length E can also be reduced below 50% of the largest diameter extension of the loudspeaker 12. It should be noted here, however, that at values below 50% of the largest loudspeaker extension, the lifespan of the loudspeaker is considerably reduced because of the close proximity of the exhaust gas flow and loudspeaker 12.
  • the lifespan of loudspeakers 12 spaced in this way is still significantly longer than that of arrangements according to DE 43 17 403.5.
  • the loudspeaker box 17 forms the end of the entire exhaust system and thus the hot exhaust gases on the way from the internal combustion engine to the end of the exhaust pipe are already largely cooled and, further, that according to the arrangement of the present application Exhaust pipe 10 is spaced from the loudspeaker 12 in the front chamber of the box 17, or the exhaust pipe 10 to the bass reflex pipe 21 is very streamlined.
  • the fact that the loudspeaker 12 used in the box 17 is operated for sound cancellation with a very low continuous output also has a temperature-reducing effect.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Silicon Polymers (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
EP94118621A 1993-12-10 1994-11-26 Anordnung zur aktiven Schalldämpfung Expired - Lifetime EP0657630B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4342133 1993-12-10
DE4342133A DE4342133A1 (de) 1993-12-10 1993-12-10 Anordnung zur aktiven Schalldämpfung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0657630A1 EP0657630A1 (de) 1995-06-14
EP0657630B1 true EP0657630B1 (de) 1996-10-02

Family

ID=6504651

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94118621A Expired - Lifetime EP0657630B1 (de) 1993-12-10 1994-11-26 Anordnung zur aktiven Schalldämpfung

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5466899A (da)
EP (1) EP0657630B1 (da)
JP (1) JPH07271381A (da)
AT (1) ATE143715T1 (da)
CA (1) CA2136293A1 (da)
DE (2) DE4342133A1 (da)
DK (1) DK0657630T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2095124T3 (da)

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US5677961A (en) * 1995-06-08 1997-10-14 Von Reusner; Johannes Connecting element for speaker elements
EP0755045B1 (de) * 1995-07-20 2002-10-02 Harman Audio Electronic Systems GmbH Anordnung zur Auslöschung von Schallwellen
US5828759A (en) * 1995-11-30 1998-10-27 Siemens Electric Limited System and method for reducing engine noise
US5966452A (en) * 1997-03-07 1999-10-12 American Technology Corporation Sound reduction method and system for jet engines
US6084971A (en) * 1997-06-10 2000-07-04 Siemens Electric Limited Active noise attenuation system
US6072880A (en) * 1998-02-27 2000-06-06 Tenneco Automotive Inc. Modular active silencer with port dish
US20010046302A1 (en) * 2000-04-14 2001-11-29 Daly Paul D. Active noise cancellation optimized air gaps
US20010046300A1 (en) * 2000-04-17 2001-11-29 Mclean Ian R. Offline active control of automotive noise
US20010036279A1 (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-11-01 Daly Paul D. Active noise cancellation system
US20010036282A1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-01 Roy Haworth Active noise attenuation inlet microphone system
US6996242B2 (en) * 2000-06-06 2006-02-07 Siemens Vdo Automotive Inc. Integrated and active noise control inlet
US6557665B2 (en) 2000-06-06 2003-05-06 Siemens Canada Limited Active dipole inlet using drone cone speaker driver
US20020039422A1 (en) * 2000-09-20 2002-04-04 Daly Paul D. Driving mode for active noise cancellation
US6898289B2 (en) 2000-09-20 2005-05-24 Siemens Vdo Automotive Inc. Integrated active noise attenuation system and fluid reservoir
US6775384B2 (en) 2000-09-20 2004-08-10 Siemens Vdo Automotive Inc. Environmentally robust noise attenuation system
US6702061B2 (en) 2001-03-15 2004-03-09 Siemens Vdo Automotive, Inc. Environmentally protected microphone for an active noise control system
US6684977B2 (en) 2001-09-13 2004-02-03 Siemens Vdo Automotive, Inc. Speaker retention assembly for an active noise control system
WO2003028007A1 (en) * 2001-09-25 2003-04-03 Siemens Vdo Automotive Inc. Modular active noise cancellation air filter speaker and microphone assembly
US20030112981A1 (en) * 2001-12-17 2003-06-19 Siemens Vdo Automotive, Inc. Active noise control with on-line-filtered C modeling
US9038899B2 (en) * 2004-09-30 2015-05-26 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Obtaining user assistance
DE102006010558A1 (de) * 2006-03-06 2007-09-13 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Aktiver Schalldämpfer für eine Abgasanlage
DE102006042224B3 (de) * 2006-09-06 2008-01-17 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Aktiver Schalldämpfer für eine Abgasanlage
DE102008018085A1 (de) * 2008-04-09 2009-10-15 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Aktiver Schalldämpfer
DE102009032553A1 (de) * 2009-07-10 2011-01-20 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Abgasanlage und zugehörige Verbindungsanordnung für einen Aktuator
US9394812B2 (en) * 2014-07-09 2016-07-19 Aai Corporation Attenuating engine noise using a reverse resonator
DE202014008783U1 (de) 2014-11-05 2014-12-12 Gunter Henkel Schlafhaube - Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung bzw. Eliminierung von Schnarch- und Schlafgeräuschen
DE102014016397A1 (de) 2014-11-05 2016-05-12 Gunter Henkel Schlafhaube : Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung bzw. Eliminierung von Schnarch- und Schlafgeräuschen
US9459536B1 (en) * 2015-06-30 2016-10-04 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. Negative tone developer composition for extreme ultraviolet lithography
DE102017127454A1 (de) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-23 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh Schallerzeugungsvorrichtung sowie Fahrzeugabgasanlage

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US4665549A (en) * 1985-12-18 1987-05-12 Nelson Industries Inc. Hybrid active silencer
US5044464A (en) * 1990-01-23 1991-09-03 Nelson Industries, Inc. Active acoustic attenuation mixing chamber
US5272286A (en) * 1990-04-09 1993-12-21 Active Noise And Vibration Technologies, Inc. Single cavity automobile muffler
DE4027511C1 (da) * 1990-08-30 1991-10-02 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V., 8000 Muenchen, De
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59400768D1 (de) 1996-11-07
DE4342133A1 (de) 1995-06-14
JPH07271381A (ja) 1995-10-20
DK0657630T3 (da) 1997-02-24
US5466899A (en) 1995-11-14
CA2136293A1 (en) 1995-06-11
EP0657630A1 (de) 1995-06-14
ES2095124T3 (es) 1997-02-01
ATE143715T1 (de) 1996-10-15

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