EP0659268A1 - Systeme pour detecter la position du papillon des gaz d'un moteur a combustion interne avec des elements a effet hall - Google Patents

Systeme pour detecter la position du papillon des gaz d'un moteur a combustion interne avec des elements a effet hall

Info

Publication number
EP0659268A1
EP0659268A1 EP93917559A EP93917559A EP0659268A1 EP 0659268 A1 EP0659268 A1 EP 0659268A1 EP 93917559 A EP93917559 A EP 93917559A EP 93917559 A EP93917559 A EP 93917559A EP 0659268 A1 EP0659268 A1 EP 0659268A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hall elements
arrangement
arrangement according
hall
magnetic field
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP93917559A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Joachim Dr.-Ing. Melbert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0659268A1 publication Critical patent/EP0659268A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/003—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring position, not involving coordinate determination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/147—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the movement of a third element, the position of Hall device and the source of magnetic field being fixed in respect to each other
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D2205/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of means for transferring or converting the output of a sensing member
    • G01D2205/70—Position sensors comprising a moving target with particular shapes, e.g. of soft magnetic targets
    • G01D2205/77—Specific profiles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for detecting the throttle valve position in an internal combustion engine with Hall elements according to the preamble of claim 1
  • a throttle valve angle sensor for internal combustion engines is described in DE 38 26 408 AI.
  • a throttle valve angle sensor for internal combustion engines with a permanent magnet attached to one end of the throttle valve shaft is described, which generates a parallel magnetic flux whose direction is rotated depending on the rotation of the throttle valve shaft.
  • a magnetically sensitive element such as, for example, is essentially parallel to the main direction of the external magnetic flux of the permanent magnet and at a distance from the permanent magnet.
  • a Hall element is arranged, by means of which the change in the magnetic flux density as a result of the rotation of the permanent magnet is measured. The measured change in magnetic flux density is converted into a corresponding change in an electrical signal via an amplifying electrical circuit.
  • the output variable of the magnetically sensitive element is usually superimposed on a constant variable, a so-called offset, which is independent of the magnetic field.
  • An output current is a superimposed DC current and an output voltage is a superimposed DC voltage.
  • This offset as well as the gain and linearity of Hall elements fluctuate very strongly from element to element and with temperature.
  • the linearity range of magnetically sensitive elements, such as Hall elements is very limited, so that a complex adjustment is required in a known arrangement described above and, in addition, due to the problems mentioned, the resolution, ie the dynamic range or the precision of the measurement result such an arrangement is not very large. Precision potentiometers are therefore mostly used in applications in which precise geometry detection is also to be ensured when brief power failures can occur. However, they experience problems due to aging or poor contacts due to contamination or corrosion.
  • An arrangement according to the invention for detecting the throttle valve position contains a multiplicity of Hall elements which are arranged either along a straight line or along a predetermined line at a predetermined distance from one another and from an interpolation circuit which interpolates at least the analog output variable from two Hall elements.
  • the geometric distribution of a constant magnetic field along the Hall element chain can be recorded.
  • the linear areas of the individual Hall elements are overlaid by interpolating the output variables of the individual Hall elements and depending on the geometric arrangement of the individual Hall elements such that the overall arrangement covers a very large area with a linear relationship between the change in geometry of the detecting magnetic field and the output signal of the
  • a throttle valve position can be unambiguously assigned to each level of the output signal of the interpolation circuit.
  • a linear relationship between the geometric variable to be detected and the analog value of the output signal of the interpolation circuit can be achieved.
  • a linearization of the relationship between the geometric relationship to be detected and the electrical output signal of the arrangement within the preferably monolithically integrated circuit greatly simplifies the construction and adjustment of an overall arrangement. It only has to be ensured that there is a linear relationship between the geometric relationship to be detected, for example a throttle valve position, and the geometric distribution of a DC magnetic field over the Hall element arrangement.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic, perspective view of an embodiment of an inventive
  • FIG. 2a shows a schematic illustration of a large number of Hall elements, as can be used in an arrangement according to FIG. 1;
  • Induction B as a function of location, as it acts on the plurality of Hall elements in an arrangement according to FIG. 1;
  • 3a shows a possible embodiment of an interpolation circuit for an arrangement according to the invention, in which a differential amplifier is assigned to each Hall element;
  • 3b shows the signal curve of the non-inverting output of an interpolation circuit according to FIG. 3a and the corresponding signal curves for the individual differential amplifier arrangements of this interpolation circuit;
  • Figure 4 shows another possible embodiment of a
  • FIG. 5 shows another possible embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of an arrangement for detecting a geometric relationship with a device Q with a magnetic field source Mg.
  • the magnetic field source Mg is preferably designed as a permanent magnet and turns off 1 a constant surface-distributed magnetic field with the magnetic induction B ready.
  • the arrangement according to FIG. 1 contains six Hall elements H 1 , H 2 , H 3 , H 4 , H 5 and H 6 , which are arranged along a straight line G in the exemplary embodiment such that the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field source Mg are essentially parallel to one another with respect to the Hall element arrangement.
  • the device with magnetic field source Q has a screening device Seh which extends at least between the magnetic field source Mg and the Hall element arrangement H 1 ...
  • the opening OP can be completely or partially covered by a diaphragm BL.
  • the opening OP is elongated and extends parallel to the straight line G.
  • the diaphragm BL is dependent on the movement of an object EG, whose relative position to the Hall element arrangement H 1 ... H 6 can be detected, can be moved along a line that extends parallel to the straight line G.
  • the opening width of the diaphragm in the longitudinal direction depends on the momentary arrangement of the diaphragm and thus of the object EG along a distance 1.
  • the device Q with the magnetic field source Mg places it over a certain range of the plurality of Hall elements a magnetic field which is essentially uniform per unit area or unit length.
  • the Hall elements acted upon by this magnetic field or the magnetic induction dependent thereon each deliver a Hall voltage dependent on the magnetic induction at their output.
  • the outputs of the individual Hall elements H 1 , H 2 ... H 6 are connected to an interpolation circuit IPS.
  • This interpola tion circuit IPS provides a signal Io at an output depending on the Hall voltages of the individual Hall elements.
  • the output of the interpolation circuit IPS is connected to an input of an evaluation circuit AS.
  • the plurality of Hall elements, the interpolation circuit and the evaluation circuit are preferably integrated in a single semiconductor body HL in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • the evaluation circuit AS can be designed differently depending on the application. In particular, it can contain an analog-to-digital converter.
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a device with a magnetic field source for an arrangement according to FIG. 1.
  • the shielding device SCH here has a slot-shaped, essentially elongated opening OP, which is between the magnetic field source (see FIG. 1) and the Hall element arrangement (see FIG. 1). is aligned parallel to the alignment line G of the Hall elements.
  • the aperture BL1 has a specially designed curved edge K and is rotatably mounted in a rotation point RP, which is located on the center line of the opening OP in the longitudinal direction.
  • the edge K is shaped in such a way that a change in the angle of rotation of the diaphragm BL1 leads to a change in the length of the opening which is released by the diaphragm BL1 and the opening OP of the shielding device.
  • the embodiment shown is suitable for converting an angular rotation of 90 ° into a change in length proportional to this.
  • FIG. 2a shows a schematic representation of a number of Hall elements arranged along a straight line.
  • the first element Hl, two adjacent elements Hi and Hj and the last element Hn are shown.
  • the total number of Hall elements should be n, where n is an integer, positive number greater than 1.
  • FIG. 2a shows an operating point current source I Hl , I Hi ... I Hn for each Hall element.
  • the output voltages of the individual Hall elements U Hl , U Hi , U Hj and U Hn are also shown.
  • FIG. 2b shows the potential course of the magnetic induction over the Hall element arrangement as a function of the distance 1.
  • the limit values are shown in dashed lines and an exemplary value is shown in full line.
  • a constant magnetic induction preferably acts on the Hall element arrangement depending on the length.
  • FIG. 2c shows a schematic representation of the Hall voltages U Hl , U Hi , U Hj and U Hn provided by the respective Hall elements H1, Hi, Hj and Hn, depending on the length 1.
  • an evaluation can take place in such a way that the Hall elements are connected in series, so that the individual output voltages are added up. Then there is a quasi-linear relationship, since the individual Hall elements deliver a linear output voltage in partial areas.
  • FIG. 3a shows a possible embodiment of an interpolation circuit IPS for use in an arrangement according to the invention.
  • the interpolation circuit shown provides a differential amplifier stage with a voltage signal input and a current signal output for each Hall element Hl, ... Hi, ... Hn.
  • the current signal outputs of the individual differential amplifier stages DVi, DVj are combined in a common current node.
  • each differential amplifier stage has a, preferably symmetrical, signal input which is connected to the signal output of an individual Hall element Hl, ... Hi, Hj ... Hn and thus acts on the corresponding Hall voltage U Hi , U Hj , ... is.
  • the total current of all current sources Io i , Io j , ... which set the respective operating point is constant and the current
  • the current ⁇ Io is composed of the positive signal currents and the negative signal currents, so that the following applies:
  • ⁇ lo ⁇ Io- + ⁇ Io + .
  • FIG. 3c shows a further embodiment of the interpolation circuit shown in FIG. 3a.
  • a negative feedback resistor R i is interposed between the emitters of the differential amplifier stage.
  • partial collector currents I k ' can be connected from one of the transistors for negative feedback to the respective other current node ⁇ I o + or ⁇ I o -.
  • an individual isolating amplifier V i with selectable amplification can be connected upstream of the inputs of each evaluation stage.
  • Figure 3b shows the course of the individual positive current signals Io l + , Io i + , Io i + , ... Io n + in an arrangement according to Figure 3a and the course of the current signal ⁇ lo + of Ge complete arrangement for the case that an even number of Hall elements is used.
  • the illustration according to FIG. 3b is idealized, but largely gives the relationship between a location-dependent magnetic field and an output signal of an interpolation circuit IPS for an arrangement according to the invention, as shown for example in FIG. 1.
  • the linearity of the relationship between location and output signal can be optimized by various measures.
  • the Hall sensors can be arranged at different distances from one another or, overall, can be designed differently.
  • Io i , Io j , ... Io n of the individual differential amplifier stage DVi, ... of an interpolation circuit can be of different sizes. Furthermore, the differential amplifiers can have different geometries. A negative feedback in the differential amplifiers of an interpolation circuit IPS also leads to a change in the location-dependent output signal of the overall arrangement.
  • Another possibility of implementing an interpolation circuit is to use cross-coupled differential amplifiers, the base connections of two transistors with different emitter areas of different sizes being connected together in a bipolar configuration and forming an input gate of the differential amplifier circuit, the emitter connections of the four transistors forming a differential amplifier stage also being connected together are and are connected to a supply potential via a constant current source and the collector connections of the transistors are connected together, which differ both in the emitter area and in the signal input.
  • Figure 5 shows a further embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention.
  • the schematic illustration again shows a magnetic field source Mg for generating a pa parallel magnetic field between two poles similar to a horseshoe magnet.
  • the first pole Fe1 is firmly connected to the magnetic field source M.
  • the second is horizontally movable on its longitudinal axis.
  • the first pole Fe1 is located below and the second movable pole Fe2 above the magnetic field source Mg.
  • a large number of Hall elements H 1 ... H are attached to the pole Fe1.
  • These can be integrated in an integrated circuit, for example.
  • By moving the pole Fe2 a constant magnetic field flows through more or less Hall elements H I to H n .
  • an output voltage that is linear to the movement of the pole Fe2 can be generated.
  • An advantage of an arrangement according to the invention for geometry detection with Hall elements is that the temperature dependency and supply voltage dependency of the offset signal, the linearity and the amplification given in known arrangements are substantially reduced by a factor which corresponds to the reciprocal of the number of Hall elements used. Corresponds to elements and that far larger geometries can be detected.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)

Abstract

Le système visant à détecter la position du papillon des gaz d'un moteur à combustion interne comprend un dispositif avec une source de champ magnétique et un dispositif composé d'une pluralité d'éléments à effet Hall. Les éléments à effet Hall sont disposés le long d'une ligne prédéterminée, à distance prédéfinie les uns des autres. Une induction magnétique dépendant de la position du papillon des gaz est mise à disposition. L'invention prévoit un circuit d'interpolation qui interpole les signaux de sorties analogiques d'au moins deux éléments à effet Hall pour produire un signal de sortie analogique commun.
EP93917559A 1992-09-09 1993-08-17 Systeme pour detecter la position du papillon des gaz d'un moteur a combustion interne avec des elements a effet hall Ceased EP0659268A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9212158U 1992-09-09
DE9212158U DE9212158U1 (de) 1992-09-09 1992-09-09 Anordnung zur Erfassung der Drosselklappenstellung in einem Verbrennungsmotor mit Hall-Elementen
PCT/DE1993/000742 WO1994005975A1 (fr) 1992-09-09 1993-08-17 Systeme pour detecter la position du papillon des gaz d'un moteur a combustion interne avec des elements a effet hall

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0659268A1 true EP0659268A1 (fr) 1995-06-28

Family

ID=6883592

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93917559A Ceased EP0659268A1 (fr) 1992-09-09 1993-08-17 Systeme pour detecter la position du papillon des gaz d'un moteur a combustion interne avec des elements a effet hall

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0659268A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH08500901A (fr)
DE (1) DE9212158U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994005975A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5621317A (en) * 1994-12-12 1997-04-15 Ford Motor Company Position sensor with a magnetic proximity switch mechanism
FR2730052B1 (fr) * 1995-01-26 1997-04-18 Siemens Automotive Sa Dispositif de detection de la position d'un mobile
DE19536661A1 (de) * 1995-09-30 1997-04-03 Heidenhain Gmbh Dr Johannes Magnetische Positionsmeßeinrichtung
FR2792403B1 (fr) 1999-04-14 2001-05-25 Roulements Soc Nouvelle Capteur de position et/ou de deplacement comportant une pluralite d'elements sensibles alignes
US6424928B1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2002-07-23 Eim Company, Inc. Absolute position detector interpreting abnormal states
US20020190710A1 (en) * 2001-02-13 2002-12-19 Asm Automation Sensorik Messtechnik Gmbh Magnetic length measuring device
DE10336558A1 (de) * 2003-08-05 2005-03-10 Siko Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abtasten eines periodisch magnetisierten Massstabes
US20080007255A1 (en) * 2006-07-10 2008-01-10 Honeywell International Inc. Encoded linear position sensor

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58167914A (ja) * 1982-03-29 1983-10-04 Kangiyou Denki Kiki Kk 磁気抵抗素子
GB2208549B (en) * 1987-08-03 1991-10-02 Hitachi Ltd Angle sensor for throttle valve of internal combustion engine
ATE75849T1 (de) * 1988-10-13 1992-05-15 Siemens Ag Anordnung zur beruehrungsfreien erfassung der drehzahl eines rotierenden zahnrades.
EP0427882B1 (fr) * 1989-11-14 1995-03-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de mesure des déplacements faibles

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9405975A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH08500901A (ja) 1996-01-30
DE9212158U1 (de) 1993-10-07
WO1994005975A1 (fr) 1994-03-17

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