Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
  • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter tips or filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces of cigars or cigarettes
  • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
  • A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a filter for removing nitrogen oxides from tobacco smoke.
• Tobacco smoke is the aerosol that arises when the tobacco is burned and is known to contain a very large number - several thousand are expected - of chemical compounds.
• the gas phase of tobacco smoke is relatively simple in composition and contains, in addition to the known air components, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, nitrogen oxides and traces of hydrogen sulfide and organic compounds (Römpp Chemie Lexikon, 9th edition, volume 6 (1992), p. 4435).
• the best-known and physiologically relevant components are the alkaloid nicotine and the gaseous toxins such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and hydrocyanic acid, as well as the tar components, acrolein and tobacco-specific nitrosamines.
• the gaseous toxins such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and hydrocyanic acid, as well as the tar components, acrolein and tobacco-specific nitrosamines.
• the filters used for this purpose contain adsorptive materials of preferably fibrous or highly porous structure, for example Cellulose fibers (crepe paper filters), cellulose acetate fibers, polypropylene fibers, aluminum oxide, silica gel, meerschaum or activated carbon.
• adsorptive materials preferably fibrous or highly porous structure, for example Cellulose fibers (crepe paper filters), cellulose acetate fibers, polypropylene fibers, aluminum oxide, silica gel, meerschaum or activated carbon.
• Activated carbon filters selectively adsorb up to 85% of the gas / vapor phase components, depending on the available inner surface, but almost no particle phase at all. Fiber and powder filters (except activated carbon) prefer to hold the particle phase, i.e. the tar components, back and therefore have a particularly striking effect on the taste of tobacco smoke.
• Tobacco smoke contains 0.02% of the gas phase nitrogen oxides. Prolonged exposure to nitrogen oxides, which are irritating to the respiratory tract and mucous membranes, can lead to bronchitis and edema (Römpp Chemie Lexikon, 9th edition, volume 5 (1992), p. 4316) to remove tobacco smoke as effectively as possible using special filter compositions.
• a partial adsorption of nitrogen monoxide and carbon monoxide was achieved by transition metal complexes with oxime ligands on an inert granulate (GB-PS 2 150 806). Furthermore, a tobacco smoke filter for nitrogen monoxide was described, which was obtained by impregnating cellulose or cellulose acetate fibers with a complex of iron (II) ion and low molecular weight thiol (EP-A 351 252). Both methods take advantage of the possibility of the NO molecule for the easy formation of addition complexes with suitable transition metal compounds.
• Partial removal of nitrogen dioxide from the tobacco smoke was achieved by impregnating a non-oxidizable, particulate adsorbent with a high surface area or high pore volume with a permanganate salt (US Pat. No. 3,434,479).
• a method for the selective removal of toxic components such as HCN and NO from cigarette smoke is also known.
• Conventional cigarette filter material applied inorganic or organic substances that remove the toxic compounds during the smoking process (DE-C 37 12 836).
• Nitrogen oxides in particular nitrogen dioxide, can be removed virtually completely from gases and liquids by polyarylene thioethers (German patent application P 43 28 450.7 from August 24, 1993, title "Filter material and process for removing nitrogen oxides from gases and liquids").
• the object of the invention is to provide a tobacco smoke filter that can remove nitrogen oxides (NO x ) practically quantitatively and is easy to manufacture.
• Component B) can be made from cellulose, cellulose acetate and / or polyolefins, e.g. Polypropylene exist.
• adsorptive materials can be used to remove gaseous smoke components and / or aerosol particles contained in the smoke. Examples include aluminum oxide, silica gel, meerschaum and activated carbon.
• Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) with the repeating unit of the formula (II) is preferred: used as polyarylene thioether.
• the PPS of the formula (II) can also have a 1,2- and / or 1,3-linkage on the aromatic nucleus up to a proportion of 50 mol%.
• PPS means both the linear and the cross-linked material.
• polyarylene thioethers are suitable which have an average molecular weight of 4,000 to 200,000, preferably 10,000 to 150,000, in particular 25,000 to 100,000, determined by GPC.
• Powders A) used in the filter according to the invention have commercially available particle sizes, ie their average particle size is generally up to 300 ⁇ m, preferably 20 to 100 ⁇ m.
• the polymers of component A) are used in the form of fibers for the manufacture of the tobacco smoke filter, these can be, for example, as continuous fibers (filaments) or staple fibers, preferably with staple lengths of 0.5 to 50 mm, or as split fibers or split-film fibers , but also as a "non woven" material, card sliver or fabric.
• the polyarylene thioethers A) can also be used in the form of films or film snippets in a suitable form Find tobacco smoke filters. It is important that the tobacco smoke can be passed through without disturbance or noticeable pressure drop.
• the removal of nitrogen dioxide from the tobacco smoke is generally carried out quantitatively by the polymer A).
• nitrogen monoxide is only removed to a small extent.
• oxidative compounds i.e.
• at least one inorganic or organic compound with an oxidative effect which has an electron potential greater than or equal to 0.96 V, such as vanadium pentoxide or dichlorodicyanoquinone, is also separated here almost quantitatively.
• the filter according to the invention can be used, for example, in the manufacture of filter cigarettes and can be incorporated into the known filter structures.
• the filter can also be used for pipes, cigarette holders and cigar holders, for example in the form of filter cartridges.
• the content of polyarylene thioether A) can be up to 50% by weight of the total weight of the filter in order to ensure safe removal of the nitrogen oxides, but preferably at least 5% by weight.
• polyarylene thioether A is used in the form of fibers in tobacco smoke filters according to the invention, these can either be located in a separate spatial section of the filter or can be used in a mixture with the customary fiber materials used for the smoke filters.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
• Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
• Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=6505829

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (7)

Family Cites Families (14)

• 1993
  • 1993-12-22 DE DE4343920A patent/DE4343920A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1994
  • 1994-12-16 EP EP94119946A patent/EP0659355A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1994-12-20 US US08/359,556 patent/US5575302A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-12-21 JP JP6317844A patent/JPH07203936A/ja active Pending

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