EP0663241B1 - Zerstäuberdüse - Google Patents

Zerstäuberdüse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0663241B1
EP0663241B1 EP93120417A EP93120417A EP0663241B1 EP 0663241 B1 EP0663241 B1 EP 0663241B1 EP 93120417 A EP93120417 A EP 93120417A EP 93120417 A EP93120417 A EP 93120417A EP 0663241 B1 EP0663241 B1 EP 0663241B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
channels
mixing chamber
atomiser
diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93120417A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0663241A1 (de
Inventor
Ales Dr.-Ing. Blaha-Schnabel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PARI GmbH Spezialisten fuer Effektive Inhalation
Original Assignee
PARI GmbH Spezialisten fuer Effektive Inhalation
PARI GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DK93120417T priority Critical patent/DK0663241T3/da
Priority to DE59308788T priority patent/DE59308788D1/de
Priority to AT93120417T priority patent/ATE168289T1/de
Priority to ES93120417T priority patent/ES2120471T3/es
Priority to EP93120417A priority patent/EP0663241B1/de
Application filed by PARI GmbH Spezialisten fuer Effektive Inhalation, PARI GmbH filed Critical PARI GmbH Spezialisten fuer Effektive Inhalation
Priority to CA002138234A priority patent/CA2138234A1/en
Publication of EP0663241A1 publication Critical patent/EP0663241A1/de
Priority to US08/760,911 priority patent/US5740966A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0663241B1 publication Critical patent/EP0663241B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/0475—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber with means for deflecting the peripheral gas flow towards the central liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • B05B7/0861—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with one single jet constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid and several gas jets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an atomizing nozzle for Inhalation with which a powdery or liquid Atomizing material, preferably in the form of a solution or Suspension is atomized.
  • a first group of atomizing nozzles works after the Venturi principle.
  • a nozzle of this type is for example known from DE 32 38 149 A1.
  • Through a central Compressed gas duct is supplied with compressed air, which in a Mouth level emerges from an opening in the central channel.
  • there are usually several intake ducts provided that from the mouth level to a container for the atomizing material is sufficient.
  • the atomization material is from the escaping compressed gas is sucked in through the intake ducts and emerges from openings of the intake ducts in the mouth plane.
  • the openings of the compressed gas duct and the intake ducts are arranged adjacent, so that there is compressed gas and atomization mix intensively and the turbulence that occurs for to provide atomization.
  • Atomizer nozzles are air and Atomizing material under pressure, i.e. actively fed.
  • Atomizer nozzles of this type are made, for example DE 26 46 251 A1 and DE 28 23 643 A1 are known.
  • the basic one The structure of atomizer nozzles in this group also results from "Atomization and Sprays" by Arthur H. Lefebvre. Differentiate become characteristic designs in this context based on the type and location of what is occurring Atomization process, on the one hand so-called “air-assist” nozzles with mixture inside or outside the Nozzle body and so-called “prefilming” nozzles.
  • This Atomizer nozzles follow a common design principle insofar as circular channels around a central channel are arranged concentrically.
  • the nozzle body consists of DE 26 46 251 A1 known atomizer nozzle made of six elements, five of which have a central opening to which the elements refer must be aligned so that the openings are coaxial are arranged.
  • the atomizing nozzle which is a "prefilming" nozzle is suitable because of the Orientation of items related issues not for repeated disassembly and cleaning.
  • the invention is the Task based on an atomizer nozzle for inhalation purposes create an aerosol with the largest possible proportion respirable particles can be generated and still easy to handle, especially disassemble and clean, as well as simple and inexpensive to manufacture (mass-produced items).
  • atomizer nozzle according to the invention from several parts, which in Fig. 3 are shown.
  • FIG. 1 the nozzle insert is shown;
  • Figure A shows the nozzle insert 1 in a perspective view,
  • Figure B in a sectional view.
  • the basic shape of the nozzle insert 1 is composed of two flat circular cylinders with different diameters and a circular cone, the maximum diameter of which corresponds to that of the smaller circular cylinder.
  • the circular cone defines a contact surface 11 of the nozzle insert 1.
  • the two circular cylinders and the circular cone are arranged axially to one another.
  • the larger circular cylinder is flattened on its circumference at two opposite points 12, only one of which is visible in FIG. 1A.
  • a channel 13 for the atomizing material is provided centrally in the nozzle insert 1 and extends in the longitudinal direction of the basic shape of the nozzle insert 1, so that the outlet opening 14 lies in the tip of the support surface 11.
  • the outlet opening 14 defines the smallest diameter d of the channel 13 and thus its outlet cross-sectional area A Z ; the channel 13 has a gradually increasing diameter.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B show the nozzle holder 2 in a perspective or sectional representation.
  • the basic shape of the nozzle holder is formed by two flat circular cylinders which are arranged axially to each other.
  • the free end face of the larger circular cylinder has a central circular conical depression which defines a receiving surface 21 which is adapted to the shape of the bearing surface 11 of the nozzle insert 1.
  • three channels 22 for the compressed gas are formed, which run radially to the center of the flat circular cylinder and thereby follow the inclined receiving surface 21 of the circular-conical depression.
  • the channels 22 are evenly distributed over the circumference of the nozzle receptacle 2, so that there is an angle of 120 ° between them, and taper towards the center of the nozzle receptacle.
  • the channels 22 for the compressed gas are grooves in the receiving surface 21 with a rectangular or trapezoidal cross-section and with a minimal cross-sectional area A D at the mouth end.
  • the mouth space 23 opens a circular conical outlet funnel 24.
  • a cylindrical housing 3 is used to accommodate the nozzle body, i.e. of the nozzle insert 1 and the nozzle holder 2 in the order shown in Fig. 3.
  • the opposite face of the housing 3 only has an opening 31 for receiving the smaller, flat circular cylinder of the nozzle holder 2.
  • a circular groove 32 for receiving an O-ring 33 intended.
  • There is also a groove 34 for receiving another O-rings 35 on the open for receiving the nozzle body End face of the housing 3 is provided in the housing wall.
  • an external thread 36 is formed on the housing 3.
  • a cover 4 serves on the one hand to close the housing 3 and on the other hand has connections for the supply of Atomizing material and the compressed gas.
  • the cover 4 has a cylindrical basic shape with an axially arranged Bore 41 for the supply of the atomizing material and one eccentrically arranged bore 42 for the supply of Compressed air.
  • a section of the cover 4 has one Diameter that is sufficient to interact with the O-ring 35 to seal the interior of the housing 3.
  • Nozzle insert 1 facing side of the cover 4 are two flat Circular cylinder with a smaller diameter provided; in the The surface of the smaller circular cylinder is a circular groove 43 designed to receive an O-ring 44. The bigger the Both diameters serve to guide the cover 4 in the housing 3.
  • the three O-rings 33, 35, 44 are complete Separation of the gas and liquid part within the nozzle.
  • a union nut 5 is used to secure the housing 3 used parts and points to an inner Circumferential surface a thread 51.
  • An opening 52 is provided on the end face, which provides access to the connection holes 41 and 42 in the cover 4 guaranteed.
  • Fig. 4 shows the embodiment of the invention Atomizer nozzle in assembled condition.
  • the nozzle body i.e. the nozzle insert 1 and the nozzle holder 2 are in the housing 3 arranged.
  • the circular conical bearing surface 11 of the Nozzle insert 1 lies on the complementarily shaped Receiving surface 21 of the nozzle receptacle 2.
  • the union nut 5 and the housing 3 are the two Parts forming the nozzle body are braced against each other, resulting in a good fit of the nozzle insert in the nozzle holder and one Alignment of the outlet opening 14 with respect to the Mixing chamber 23 guaranteed.
  • the as grooves in the Receiving surface 21 formed channels 22 are on their originally opened top through the contact surface 11 of the nozzle insert 1 closed.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the Atomizer nozzle according to the invention in the assembled state.
  • the structure corresponds in many points to that described above Embodiment, so that reference to its description can be taken. The following are the differences explained by which the two embodiments award.
  • the nozzle insert 1 has the one shown in FIG Embodiment for the atomization material with a channel 13 one except for a section in the area of the outlet opening 14 constant diameter. This diameter is chosen that a flattened cannula is inserted and thereby the dead space can be minimized. The smallest spout For cleaning reasons, diameter d is as short as possible held.
  • the axial bore 41 is designed so that a Rubber disc 43 with a central hole for the cannula 8 can be inserted.
  • an intermediate ring 44 arranged on the side of the rubber washer 43 inwards slightly conical, preferably at an angle of 160 ° is trained.
  • the diameter of the mixing chamber 23 is such that you free cross section about the sum of the free cross sections of the Channels 22 for the compressed gas at the outlet into the mixing chamber 23 results in the energy of the compressed air supplied optimally to take advantage of. If the cross-section of the mixing chamber 23 is too large it leads to premature relaxation if the cross-section is too small to congestion of the compressed air.
  • the goal is an optimized one Exploitation of the implementation of the pressure difference between compressed gas and ambient pressure in the kinetic energy range Outlet openings of the channels 22. A crucial role plays the distance between the channel 13 escaping liquid and the outlet openings of the channels 22 for the compressed air.
  • the length of the mixing chamber corresponds to about their diameter. A mixing chamber that was too short would regarding the required channel depth in the mouth area manufacturing difficulties. With one too long mixing chamber can worsen the Atomization efficiency through impaction and friction, as well as for Tendency to constipation come.
  • the cross-sectional area A M of the mixing chamber 23 essentially corresponds to the sum of the minimum cross-sectional areas A D of the channels 22.
  • the smallest diameter d of the channel 13 for the atomizing material at the outlet opening 14 is approximately 55% to 85%, preferably 60% to 70% of the Diameter D of the mixing chamber 23.
  • the angle of the circular tapered bearing surface 11 or the complementary receiving surface 21 about 120 ° be. Smaller angles than 120 ° do not only affect unfavorable in this connection, but also lead to Problems with the manufacture and cleaning of the nozzle body (Degree formation at the outlet in the nozzle insert at the Injection molding, risk of damage to the edge of the hole in the Nozzle insert, poor access to the mixing chamber the cleaning).
  • the channels 22 for the compressed air can be different than in the case of The exemplary embodiment described also in the contact surface 11 of the nozzle insert 1 are formed.
  • the one above described configuration to be preferred because of the risk of mechanical damage to the channels, especially in the area the mixing chamber 23 is reduced. That too is Cross-sectional shape of the channels 22 for the compressed air not to one rectangular shape or the shape of an isosceles Limited trapezes.
  • Atomizer nozzle are three channels 22 for the compressed air in the Receiving surface 21 .
  • the channel depth should be about correspond to half the mixing chamber length. From geometrical Considerations and in terms of possible Manufacturing accuracy in injection molding seems the number of three channels for the supply of compressed air be.
  • An odd number of channels for the compressed air, stabilized and in particular three channels in 120 ° arrangement centers the outflowing aerosol after exiting the Atomizer nozzle.
  • a tangential can also support this Arrangement of the channels 22 based on the mixing chamber 23 act. This appears due to technical considerations Design to be difficult to implement.
  • To a flat design of the channels 22 is also preferred for the compressed air, since this means that not only cleaning Channels but also the mixing chamber is simplified.
  • the channel 13 for the atomization material in the nozzle insert 1 can with a Wire or nylon cord.
  • the advantages of the atomizing nozzle according to the invention lie in the simple manufacturability (mass article), simple construction (easy cleaning), in the dosage option of Liquid phase (different recipes), fine Primary droplet spectrum (relatively high initial concentration of Drug solution possible, i.e. short inhalation times) and low pneumatic power requirement ( ⁇ p ⁇ 2 bar, Air volume flow ⁇ 5 l / min, i.e. Compressor operation possible, Home therapy).
  • the duct dimensions are the same for all three nozzle holders.
  • the liquid flows through a constant volume flow Bore of 0.30 mm diameter in the mixing chamber 23 promoted.
  • a mixing chamber diameter D of 0.40 mm their free cross-section is smaller than the sum of the free ones Cross sections of channels 22 at the mixing chamber inlet. It comes to
  • the Compressed air can relax too early. In both cases, one too small or too large mixing chamber diameter D, the Delivery of the kinetic energy of the compressed air to the liquid negatively affected and thus the dispersion efficiency worse.
  • the dispersion efficiency of the nozzle body is d 0.30 / D 0.45 independent of liquid flows up to 250 ⁇ l / min.
  • In the Mixing chamber prevail due to the air jet deflection and Air jet acceleration determined an operating point corresponding shear forces. These shear forces act Surfaces on the liquid droplets. The Surface force depends on the drop diameter. One certain shear force corresponds to a certain one Drop diameter, below which the drop is no further can be crushed.
  • To disperse the liquid a certain amount of compressed air, the amount of liquid appropriate proportion of energy taken. The rest is used for Transportation or dissipated. With larger liquid flows the compressed air can release more dispersing energy. Because of the drying required is only smaller, from Air flow dependent liquid flows make sense.
  • the selection of the operating point of a nozzle can be based on the Application of the product from the average drop diameter and the air flow rate over the pressure difference. This criterion also serves to select a suitable one Compressor for home therapy.
  • the optimal operating point corresponds to the minimum in the course of this function.
  • the Liquid flow and drug concentration then have to be adapted to the air flow at the operating point. For short Inhalation times are high fluid flows with high Drug concentration necessary, the high air flow rates and require finer primary droplet distributions.
  • the nozzle will operated at higher pressures than the determined energetic Optimum corresponds.

Landscapes

  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
EP93120417A 1993-12-17 1993-12-17 Zerstäuberdüse Expired - Lifetime EP0663241B1 (de)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59308788T DE59308788D1 (de) 1993-12-17 1993-12-17 Zerstäuberdüse
AT93120417T ATE168289T1 (de) 1993-12-17 1993-12-17 Zerstäuberdüse
ES93120417T ES2120471T3 (es) 1993-12-17 1993-12-17 Boquilla de pulverizacion.
EP93120417A EP0663241B1 (de) 1993-12-17 1993-12-17 Zerstäuberdüse
DK93120417T DK0663241T3 (da) 1993-12-17 1993-12-17 Forstøverdyse
CA002138234A CA2138234A1 (en) 1993-12-17 1994-12-15 Nebuliser nozzle
US08/760,911 US5740966A (en) 1993-12-17 1996-12-06 Nebulizer nozzle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP93120417A EP0663241B1 (de) 1993-12-17 1993-12-17 Zerstäuberdüse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0663241A1 EP0663241A1 (de) 1995-07-19
EP0663241B1 true EP0663241B1 (de) 1998-07-15

Family

ID=8213506

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93120417A Expired - Lifetime EP0663241B1 (de) 1993-12-17 1993-12-17 Zerstäuberdüse

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5740966A (da)
EP (1) EP0663241B1 (da)
AT (1) ATE168289T1 (da)
CA (1) CA2138234A1 (da)
DE (1) DE59308788D1 (da)
DK (1) DK0663241T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2120471T3 (da)

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US6904908B2 (en) 2002-05-21 2005-06-14 Trudell Medical International Visual indicator for an aerosol medication delivery apparatus and system
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US9119783B2 (en) 2007-05-07 2015-09-01 Insmed Incorporated Method of treating pulmonary disorders with liposomal amikacin formulations
CA2716936C (en) 2008-02-26 2018-06-05 Elevation Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Method and system for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with nebulized anticholinergic administrations
US20100055045A1 (en) 2008-02-26 2010-03-04 William Gerhart Method and system for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with nebulized anticholinergic administrations
CA2805970C (en) 2010-07-20 2018-02-13 Sulzer Mixpac Ag Static spray mixer
MX2013000683A (es) 2010-07-20 2013-02-27 Sulzer Mixpac Ag Mezclador pulverizador estatico.
PL2852391T3 (pl) 2012-05-21 2022-04-11 Insmed Incorporated Układy do leczenia infekcji płuc
US10124066B2 (en) 2012-11-29 2018-11-13 Insmed Incorporated Stabilized vancomycin formulations
PL3104853T3 (pl) 2014-02-10 2020-05-18 Respivant Sciences Gmbh Leczenie stabilizatorami komórek tucznych zaburzeń ogólnoustrojowych
ES2792682T3 (es) 2014-02-10 2020-11-11 Respivant Sciences Gmbh Métodos para el tratamiento de enfermedades pulmonares con estabilizadores de mastocitos
LT3466432T (lt) 2014-05-15 2020-12-28 Insmed Incorporated Būdai, skirti plaučių netuberkuliozinėms mikobakterinėms infekcijoms gydyti
WO2017011729A1 (en) 2015-07-16 2017-01-19 Patara Pharma, LLC Combination therapies for the treatment of lung diseases
US10238625B2 (en) 2015-08-07 2019-03-26 Respivant Sciences Gmbh Methods for the treatment of mast cell related disorders with mast cell stabilizers
WO2017027402A1 (en) 2015-08-07 2017-02-16 Patara Pharma, LLC Methods for the treatment of systemic disorders treatable with mast cell stabilizers, including mast cell related disorders
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PE20181295A1 (es) 2015-09-01 2018-08-07 First Wave Bio Inc Metodos y composiciones para tratar afecciones asociadas a una respuesta inflamatoria anomala
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JP7449275B2 (ja) 2018-05-02 2024-03-13 インスメッド インコーポレイテッド リポソーム薬物製剤の製造方法
KR20220012220A (ko) 2019-02-28 2022-02-03 메라크리스 테라퓨틱스 엘엘씨 양수 유래 세포외 소포체 및 상처 치유를 위한 이의 용도
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2138234A1 (en) 1995-06-18
US5740966A (en) 1998-04-21
EP0663241A1 (de) 1995-07-19
ES2120471T3 (es) 1998-11-01
ATE168289T1 (de) 1998-08-15
DE59308788D1 (de) 1998-08-20
DK0663241T3 (da) 1999-04-19

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