EP0665341A1 - Wohneinheit und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie Bodenrahmen dazu - Google Patents

Wohneinheit und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie Bodenrahmen dazu Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0665341A1
EP0665341A1 EP95100171A EP95100171A EP0665341A1 EP 0665341 A1 EP0665341 A1 EP 0665341A1 EP 95100171 A EP95100171 A EP 95100171A EP 95100171 A EP95100171 A EP 95100171A EP 0665341 A1 EP0665341 A1 EP 0665341A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor
foundation
frame
floor frame
residential unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95100171A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Heinrich Amlang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BRAUNSTEINER, JUERGEN, DR.
Original Assignee
Amlang Michael
Braunsteiner Juergen Dr
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4404305A external-priority patent/DE4404305C2/de
Priority claimed from DE4423423A external-priority patent/DE4423423C2/de
Priority claimed from DE4434423A external-priority patent/DE4434423A1/de
Application filed by Amlang Michael, Braunsteiner Juergen Dr filed Critical Amlang Michael
Publication of EP0665341A1 publication Critical patent/EP0665341A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34336—Structures movable as a whole, e.g. mobile home structures
    • E04B1/34352—Base structures or supporting means therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/344—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts
    • E04B1/3442—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts folding out from a core cell
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a residential unit with at least one interior space delimited by structural assemblies, namely a floor, outer walls and a roof, whether this is always transportable or transportable, but can be arranged stationary after a single construction, a method for producing such a residential unit or a part (Section) of such a residential unit and finally a floor frame for use in such processes.
  • prefabricated houses have structural assemblies in building statics, which are usually built and assembled on the building site on a cast basement ceiling, possibly also on a foundation plate or a strip foundation.
  • the structural assemblies are initially the outer walls and inner walls, which in prefabricated house construction are each made up of individual, prefabricated, mostly plate-like wall sections, which are provided with window or door openings where necessary.
  • the plate-like wall sections also have mostly prepared channels for later installations (sanitary, heating, electrical).
  • prefabricated houses only the wall sections are industrially prefabricated. Otherwise, a prefabricated house must be built like a normal house on site, where the trades must work, in particular the roofers, tilers, installers and painters.
  • the wall sections are set at the construction site in threshold wood that is grooved and placed on the concrete slab (basement ceiling). They are often connected separately with the sleepers, and they are also firmly connected to each other and connected to each other and fixed against each other by means of a purlin that runs around the top and which supports a floor ceiling or the roof.
  • prefabricated houses are houses built on site, which are manufactured in a section of the shell with prefabricated components. Because of the design of the foundation frame on sleepers, they also regularly require a continuous foundation.
  • portable residential units are known as so-called mobile homes (e.g. DE - U - 93 08 017).
  • transportable residential units are known in two different versions, namely as transportable on flatbed trucks Residential container or as self-propelled residential units with the help of a corresponding tractor.
  • a portable housing unit has the advantage that such a portable housing unit can be quickly set up at almost any location and also quickly removed from the respective installation location, as a result of which the user of such a portable housing unit has a high degree of mobile flexibility and at the same time - in spite of a change of location, perhaps several times, you can enjoy "feeling at home in your four walls".
  • the invention has for its object to provide a residential unit that, be it as a portable or stationary on-site residential unit, the requirements that are usually placed on a prefabricated house, a method for producing such a residential unit, and the degree of prefabrication both to increase transportable residential units as well as in the construction for prefabricated houses with plate-like wall sections as far as possible.
  • expansion houses are becoming increasingly popular. Fitting houses are residential units that are expanded in the interior for heating, sanitary, flooring, painting, etc. by the owner himself or by his own entrepreneurs. The prerequisites for the realization of an "expansion house” also in the context of the previously described portable residential units is of considerable interest. The design of the method and the residential unit according to the invention should also take into account the special requirements for an expansion house.
  • a particularly interesting method for producing a residential unit is the subject of claim 9.
  • Such a residential unit can be prefabricated, but is ultimately recognized as a prefabricated house.
  • a production method which is particularly suitable for residential units of the type in question in general, but in particular also for a prefabricated house in the classic sense, is the subject of claims 12 ff.
  • the foundation frame of the classic prefabricated house consisting of the grooved sleepers, which are screwed or otherwise fastened to the installation site on the basement ceiling or the other foundation, is replaced according to the invention by a prefabricated floor frame which is matched to the dimensions of a transport vehicle.
  • This floor frame is basically designed like a mobile home that has already been mentioned (DE - U - 93 08 017).
  • the floor frame can, however, be specially designed to the extent that it can be prepared to accommodate the lower edges of the plate-like wall sections typical of prefabricated houses. This has consequences for the profiles of the floor frame used and for the intended dimensions.
  • the torsional rigidity of the floor frame must be greater.
  • the prefabricated plate-like wall sections of the typical prefabricated house construction make little contribution to the torsional rigidity of the prefabricated house section. This must therefore also be realized by the floor frame, which is much more torsion-resistant than the classic one Mobile home construction must be.
  • the existing weights of the plate-like wall sections are usually also larger than the corresponding areas in the timber frame construction of the mobile home construction.
  • Another idea in the method according to the invention is to take larger dimensions of residential units (prefabricated houses) into account appropriately. This is done according to the method according to the invention simply by assembling the previous foundation frame, which is built from individual sleepers only at the place of installation, here at the place of manufacture, that is to say in the factory, from a few complete floor frames. The floor frames with the built-up wall sections are then brought individually to the installation site in the manner of a mobile home and put together there again to form the complete foundation frame. In other words, the ground floor of the residential unit is then composed of individual prefabricated house sections each with the base area of a floor frame at the manufacturing site.
  • the roof gables or roof gable parts can be attached to the upper edge of a housing unit section to be transported in any case in accordance with claim 22. They are then folded down on the ceiling of the residential unit section and held up to the installation location, where they are folded up and locked. This means that another prefabrication section has been realized.
  • the method according to the invention becomes particularly important when all technical installation work such as plumbing, heating and electrical work on the walls and on the floor frame or foundation frame is already carried out in the factory. It is interesting that one gets away from the previously required use of individual trades at the installation site of the residential unit. This enables concentrated production in foreign countries working with cheaper labor. One is not dependent on local handicraft companies at the place of installation, since practically all work of the trades except for a few final work is carried out at the place of manufacture. With a lineup one can also implement a prefabricated house at very short notice at any location with virtually no involvement of local trades.
  • the foundation frame realized according to the invention which usually consists of several floor frames that are matched to the dimensions of a transport vehicle, can be anchored to the foundation in different ways, so that different practical requirements can also be met. It is important that the floor frames specified by the factory place significantly lower demands on the design of the foundation. A few support points are sometimes sufficient.
  • Claim 23 ff. Further describes a method with which a residential unit of the type in question can be set up very quickly, easily and flexibly.
  • the prefabricated housing unit By producing the foundation with prepared receiving channels for the necessary beams in accordance with the template matched to the foundation frame, the prefabricated housing unit, be it completely prefabricated or only prepared as an extension house in the basic structures, can be easily placed in the final position on the foundation.
  • the floor frame is already on the top of the foundation as intended, and it can be anchored in the foundation by dowelling external support brackets at predrilled locations in the foundation.
  • the beams lying in the receiving channels can be cast in it, so that the desired anchoring is obtained.
  • This template technique for a method of the type in question represents a revolutionary novelty that offers a variety of design options.
  • Fig. 1 shows the smallest size of a residential unit 1 with a flat roof. Larger residential units composed of several elements are probably the rule. Saddle roof designs are also proposed.
  • the residential unit 1 initially has a floor 2, which is only indicated here, a plurality of outer walls 3 and a roof 4, which delimit an interior space 5 which cannot be recognized in more detail and which is only identified by the reference number and which in turn can be divided into itself.
  • the windows 6 arranged in the outer walls 3, one in the entrance area, are clearly visible Entrance door 7, a canopy 8 and an entrance platform 9 arranged approximately in the middle of the outer wall 3.
  • Fig. 2 shows first that the floor 2 of the residential unit 1 has a floor frame 10 with at least two parallel longitudinal beams 11, in particular designed as a double-T beam or box girder made of steel, and at least two transverse beams 12 extending transversely thereto designed, has.
  • this residential unit 1 is in principle a transportable residential unit 1, namely that at least four chassis elements 13, each provided with an impeller, are provided, which are fastened to the floor frame 10 by means of easily detachable connecting elements 14, but without the floor frame 10 are removable.
  • each undercarriage element 13 has a U-profile, which comprises the corresponding longitudinal member 11 from below and carries the connecting elements 14.
  • Fig. 3 shows the preferred construction of the outer walls 3 here. It is shown that the outer walls are equipped with an inner, heavy-duty support framework 15 and, according to preferred teaching and in the exemplary embodiment shown here, with outer wall elements 16 in shingle construction. Fig. 3 shows from the outside inwards first the shingled outer wall elements 16 and an inner wall element 17 facing the inner space 5. This is designed as a plasterboard, which has considerable building physiological and fire protection advantages and corresponds to normal fixed-house construction. The outer wall elements 16 are almost uncoupled from the inner wall element 17 in terms of vibration technology, namely via at least one vibration-damping element 18.
  • the shingle construction of the outer wall elements 16 has the advantage that the individual outer wall elements 16 are not mechanically connected to one another. As a result, vibration of the outer wall 3 is prevented as a whole.
  • the outer wall elements 16 are located here, behind a plastic film 19 which acts as a wind barrier, on support elements 20 which are designed as roof battens and which are attached to the supporting framework 15.
  • the supporting framework 15 consists of squared timbers, which in the exemplary embodiment shown are arranged vertically at a distance of approximately 1.3 m from one another and are stiffened by diagonally running supporting framework elements. The torsional stiffness of the supporting framework 15 not only leads to the desired structural design, but also allows the use of the said plasterboard regardless of the transport load on the overall arrangement.
  • mineral wool is provided in the spaces between the supporting framework 15.
  • the mineral wool is provided on one side with an aluminum liner 21 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, serves to fasten the mineral wool to the supporting framework 15.
  • the vibration-damping elements 18 are arranged on the side of the supporting framework 15 pointing in the direction of the interior.
  • the inner wall element 17 is not arranged directly on the vibration-damping elements 18, but further support elements 22 designed as form boards are provided in between.
  • the vibration-damping elements 18 are designed as strips of rubber or a rubber / plastic mixture. Foam rubber shows particularly good sound insulation effects in terms of porosity and density.
  • the individual “layers” of the structure of the outer wall 3 shown in FIG. 3 can be made using the usual means known in the prior art, such as screws, Nails or glue are connected accordingly. Depending on the type of construction of the outer wall, this is at the discretion of the average specialist.
  • the roof 4 of the residential unit 1 can be designed, for example, as a conventional wooden rafter construction. What is essential is a circumferential, as a self-contained ring anchor designed purlin of the roof 4, which allows a free choice when attaching the rest of the roof structure and z. B. also allows the use of a saddle roof.
  • Fig. 2 indicates, in connection with Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 a little more clearly, that according to a particularly preferred teaching of the invention, the residential unit 1 can practically become a fixed prefabricated house, namely here that the floor 2 and the longitudinal beams 11th of the floor frame 10 embedding concrete slab 23 with overlying thermal insulation 24 and, preferably, overlying floating screed 25.
  • the residential unit 1 With the concrete slab 32 practically embedding the floor frame 10 at the installation site, the residential unit 1 can be arranged in a stable, stable manner and thus becomes a “prefabricated house”. It is logical that a floating floor, parquet or a tile covering is then to be applied to the floating screed 25 in the event of further interior work to be carried out.
  • Fig. 2 also makes it clear that the inner walls 27 indicated here are arranged on the base frame 10 on appropriately fitting in the longitudinal and transverse directions, possibly also obliquely and possibly also only in sections. It can also be seen that these support elements 28 are designed here as steel L-profiles.
  • FIG. 2 shows that the residential unit 1 on its own, releasably attached to the floor frame 10 chassis elements 13, which have been explained in detail above, has been transported to the installation site, where the chassis elements 13 have been dismantled (therefore only dash-dotted in Fig. 2 indicated).
  • the residential unit 1 is thus with the side members 11 of the floor frame 10 on the foundation 29, on which the floor frame 10 is then anchored by the cast concrete plate 23.
  • 4 shows the grown soil 30, an ash layer 31 located thereon and then the concrete slab 23 above it.
  • the foundation 29 is a strip foundation here.
  • a somewhat modified manufacturing technique is also possible, which in principle uses the process steps described above, but is modified, characterized in that in process step b) the floor frame is also provided with a normal floor structure including a thermal barrier coating, but preferably, in the floor structure, with closure elements, In particular, openings closed with inspection caps are provided and that in process step e) the concrete or the like is washed in from the side under the floor structure and / or is filled in through the openings in the floor structure and thus embeds the floor frame.
  • a residential unit 1 realized as a mobile home has been explained in detail above. It is primarily about the manufacturing advantages of industrial production and the portability over long distances. According to the invention, this concept can also be implemented in such a way that at the end of the installation site there is a house equivalent to a prefabricated house, in a timber-frame construction with a floor frame, but firmly anchored, in particular cast, on a foundation.
  • the purlin 33 serves to support the roof 4 in a flat roof according to FIG. 1 or to carry a floor ceiling 34 (shown in FIG. 6), if one starts from a rather usual one and a half-storey prefabricated house.
  • the beam construction of the floor ceiling 34 can be seen here in FIG. 6.
  • the outer walls 3 and the inner walls 27 here consist of individual, prefabricated, plate-like wall sections, optionally provided with the openings 36 for windows 6 or door 7.
  • the foundation frame 32 here and according to preferred teaching consists of two or more prefabricated floor frames 10, each of which is matched to the dimensions of a transport vehicle, is essential.
  • Each floor frame 10 consists of the already described side members 11 and cross members 12 and possibly additional support elements 28.
  • the explanations for the chassis elements 13 also apply here, which can be easily attached to the corresponding side members 11 by means of easily detachable connecting elements 14 and easily removed again. They can be adjusted lengthways to suit different expansion stages and loads.
  • the wall sections 35 are built and anchored at the place of manufacture on the floor frame 10 and directly connected to one another at the upper edge and by means of the purlin 33 or various purlins 33, which are provided here in individual sections.
  • the prefabricated residential unit sections are later transported to the installation site, placed on the foundation there and firmly connected (screwed) to the foundation and to one another. If necessary, you can also do without a purlin.
  • the individual floor frames 10, here two floor frames 10 can be seen are first connected (screwed) together at the place of manufacture, that is to say in the factory.
  • welded, plate-like screw carrier 37 can be seen on the outer longitudinal members 11 (L-angle iron), which simultaneously serve to receive the lower edges of the wall sections 35.
  • the screw carrier 37 which can be seen in the rear area in FIG screwed together during the manufacture of the residential unit sections. Only after the complete construction of the outer walls 3 and inner walls 27 are these connections for transport to the installation site released again, so that the individual residential unit sections can be transported as intended.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 has a still open floor frame 10. This corresponds to the manufacturing technique in which the floor frames 10 are prepared at the manufacturing site for later installation of a floor substructure at the installation site.
  • the floor frames 10 are provided with a closed floor, preferably with dry screed, at the place of manufacture. In this way, the complete preparation of the residential unit sections, also on the floor, has already been carried out in the factory.
  • Fig. 6 makes it clear that here in a manner known per se from prefabricated house work with purlins 38 for the lower edges of the wall sections 35.
  • the wall sections 35 are fastened to these purlins 38, the edge-side or inner beams of the floor frames 10 have a corresponding shape (a corresponding cross section), so that corresponding purlins 38 and the lower edges of the wall sections 35 can be received and fixed here.
  • the advantages of the chassis elements 13 on the floor frame 10 have already been discussed.
  • FIG. 7 shows a special procedural concept for the transport of a residential unit section to the installation site. It can be seen here that additional external forces are absorbed on the narrow sides of the residential unit section.
  • a supporting cross member 40 is arranged near each of the two narrow sides under the floor frame 10 and fastened to the floor frame 10. In the exemplary embodiment shown, this takes place in that the supporting cross member 40 is arranged on the narrow outside of the undercarriage element 13 located in each case. As a result, the support cross member 40 cannot move inwards, towards the center of the residential unit section.
  • the two support cross members 40 are dimensioned in length so that project laterally under the floor frame 10 on both long sides.
  • An upper cross member 41 which projects laterally in the same way, is arranged approximately in the middle between the support cross members 40 on the upper side of the residential unit section.
  • Each of the support cross members 40 is connected to the upper cross member 41 via a connecting and power transmission element 42.
  • these connecting and force transmission elements 42 can be seen as threaded rods, each articulated on the cross member 40, 41, which can be adjusted in length, by means of conventional screw clamping sleeves 43 (counter-rotating threads).
  • a force distribution member 44 in particular in the form of an angle iron.
  • a mobile crane would engage in the middle between the two supporting cross members 40 for transport to the production site, so that the upper cross member 41 would lie between the points of attack of the mobile crane.
  • cross members 40, 41 which absorb high forces, in the exemplary embodiment shown these are designed as U-shaped bars with welded-in cross bars.
  • the torsional rigidity of the floor frame 10 has the advantage already mentioned in the general part of the description that there is extensive freedom for the foundation, namely a few support points are sometimes sufficient. Specifically, this means that, for example, the foundation at the installation location could essentially only be constructed from foundation posts arranged in the corner points of the residential unit sections. So you don't even need a strip foundation, just fixed points in the corners of the sections and possibly intermediate fixed points of the foundation in the middle. This also allows the construction times to be shortened considerably and in some cases can save a lot of money if a basement is not used.
  • FIG. 8 and 9 illustrate a further variant of the method according to the invention, which is characterized in that a wooden truss roof gable or roof gable part 45 is attached to each narrow side by means of a folding joint 46 at the upper edge of the housing unit section, that is to say in particular on a purlin 33 becomes.
  • the roof gable part 45 is folded down for transport onto the floor ceiling 34 of the section and folded up into the standing position at the installation location and locked therein.
  • a further prefabrication stage of the method according to the invention is thus achieved. Even with a one-and-a-half storey extension, a large part of the roof can be prefabricated at the manufacturing site.
  • the roof gable consisting of the two roof gable parts 45 is erected on the sections located next to one another (FIG. 8), which requires only a few manipulations. Then the usual roof rafter construction, which can also consist of prefabricated frame parts as shown, is built up.
  • Fig. 6 shows two sections next to each other, connected to each other in the manufacturing plant for further completion (screwed), which then later on individually Transport vehicles are transported to the installation site and can be assembled there in the shortest possible time and anchored on the foundation. It is interesting that even in the classic prefabricated construction system one works with corresponding plate-like wall sections 35 of the prefabricated house construction, but realizes a modern industrial construction technology of the mobile home construction.
  • the floor frame according to the invention can also be realized separately as a supplier part, provided with the necessary receptacles for the usual prefabricated house wall sections or the required purlins.
  • the manufacturing method according to the invention can be further optimized if the industrial manufacturing at the manufacturing site is combined with optimized technology at the installation site and the special features of an expansion house are taken into account appropriately.
  • Fig. 10 shows the interior of a housing unit 1 manufactured and to be built according to the manufacturing method according to the invention.
  • this housing unit 1 has a foundation frame 32 fastened to a foundation 29 on a grown floor 30 and outer walls 3 and inner walls 27 built thereon with indicated window cutouts 36 illustrated and in this respect preferred embodiment, the outer walls 3 and inner walls 27 are designed in a half-timbered construction and form a torsion-resistant overall structure with the foundation frame 32.
  • this teaching of the invention also applies to residential units in the manner of a prefabricated house, in which the outer walls and inner walls consist of individual prefabricated, mostly plate-like wall sections, as explained in detail above.
  • purlins 33 can be seen for the roof or for a floor ceiling 34, shown here as a beam ceiling frame.
  • the purlins 33 close off the outer walls 3 and inner walls 27 at least in certain sections.
  • FIG. 11 shows a special embodiment with a foundation frame 32 in larger dimensions that exceed the usual dimensions of a transport vehicle.
  • the foundation frame 32 consists of several prefabricated floor frames 10 which are matched to the external dimensions of a transport vehicle.
  • the floor frame 10 itself consists, as shown, of at least two parallel longitudinal beams 11, which here and according to preferred teaching are designed as double beams made of steel (box girders would also be an alternative), and at least two transverse to them Cross members 12, which are designed accordingly.
  • the adjoining floor frames 10 are connected to one another via the screw carrier 37 and possibly also later screwed to the foundation 29.
  • Additional stiffening struts 39 run obliquely from the main longitudinal beams 11 designed as T-beams to the cross beams 12 lying above them, which are also L-profile beams and will partially accommodate the lower edges of inner walls 27.
  • the outer walls 3 and preferably also the inner walls 27 are built up on the floor frame 10 at the place of manufacture and anchored thereon. In this respect, everything is as already described.
  • the foundation 29 is produced at the installation site according to a template which is matched to the foundation frame 37 and which generates at least receiving channels 47 for the longitudinal beams 11 of the floor frame 10.
  • a template which is matched to the foundation frame 37 and which generates at least receiving channels 47 for the longitudinal beams 11 of the floor frame 10.
  • FIG. 10 On the left.
  • This concept needs to be taken into account in the template for the foundation 29, which must produce receiving channels 48 for the supporting cross members 40, which are set even lower.
  • the illustration in FIG. 1 in conjunction with the illustration in FIGS. 11 and 12 clearly shows the lower-lying receiving channels 48 for the support cross members 40.
  • the residential units 1 are equipped with the necessary installations (heating, water, electricity, gas) in various ways, even at the manufacturing site.
  • the receiving channels 47, 48 to be provided in the foundation 29 according to the method according to the invention offer the possibility of also accommodating the supply line in the foundation 29 here without having to take any additional measures. This is of course particularly interesting when the carriers are pulled out of the receiving channels 47, 48, as explained above. Then the installation lines can be routed there in the final state without additional space requirement in the receiving channels 47, 48.
  • the deeply placed receiving channels 48 for the support cross members 40 then practically offer a sufficient depth to even realize the slope required for the sanitary installation for connecting the channel.
  • the receiving channels 47, 48 which are open at the end, be finally sealed weatherproof.
  • L-shaped side members 11 and cross members 12 are welded together as the top level of the floor frame 10. They form support elements for the inner and outer walls, which are fixed and anchored with their purlins.
  • the additional stiffening struts 39 are only screwed to the main side members 11, which will be removed later, but are welded to the cross members 12. In the exemplary embodiment shown, they therefore remain in the receiving channels 47 of the foundation 29 and can be fastened there, in particular cast.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 show a top view and a section of the foundation 29 for the residential unit 1 dealt with here.
  • the various can be seen very clearly Receiving channels 47, 48 realized according to the template, in FIG. 3 also the different depths of the receiving channels 47, 48.
  • 10 to 12 show laterally protruding support cross members 40 for attaching crane hooks.
  • a house that is supplied with an open ceiling, or in a house in which flaps can be opened in a targeted manner it is also possible to work in such a way that the crane hook points of attack on the longitudinal beams 11 or cross beams 12 inside the housing unit 1 are provided and the crane cables are inserted through the open ceiling or through hatches provided in the ceiling. It is therefore possible to even do without the additional support cross members 40 and to use the own side members 11 and cross members 12 of the floor frame 10.
  • additional struts are installed during transport inside the housing unit 1 and removed again after installation at the installation site.
  • the additional stiffening struts for transport can in turn be realized as diagonal struts between the truss posts of the outer walls and inner walls. This is not shown in detail in the drawing.
  • FIG. 13 further clarifies that the method according to the invention has been further optimized with templates. It can be seen that it is also possible to work with laterally adjustable wall stencils 50.
  • the wall stencil 50 which is arranged to be movable on the left, which provides window openings and, in addition, predetermined position points 51 for inserting the stems of the truss structure the outer walls 3 shows. In Fig. 13 right behind you can already see a partially constructed truss of the rear outer wall 3.
  • gable stencils 52 which allow appropriate gable framework structures to be built up.
  • the gable stencils 52 shown are provided for a roof pitch of 45 ° (left), 40 ° (middle) and 35 ° (right).
  • the use of a template for the foundation 29 and the manufacturing foundation 49 creates the conditions for the fact that the residential units 1 can actually be manufactured industrially with the highest quality standards (ISO 9000).
  • ISO 9000 the highest quality standards
  • the installation connections can be set up specifically at the installation site and, after pulling out the supports from the receiving channels 47, 48, can be bypassed and set up within a very short time.
  • the manufacturing method according to the invention also facilitates the realization of an expansion house as it is becoming increasingly popular.
  • the production section 53a "chassis construction" can be seen first, which is separately upstream of a hall containing the other production sections 53, so that welding work does not endanger further production.
  • the housing unit 1 now being conveyed is conveyed into the production section 53b, in which the outer walls 3 are built up on the floor frame 10.
  • the roof 4 can be built up.
  • outer cladding, windows and doors are attached, 53e includes the installation measures.
  • the insulation and further expansion work takes place.
  • the division of the interior and the setting of the inner walls takes place in the production section 53g, wall coverings and fittings are attached in the production section 53h.
  • Wallpapering work can be done in production section 53i, for example, while painting and final inspection are carried out in production section 53j.
  • a central warehouse 55 and a storage area 56 for finished residential units 1 can also be seen in FIG. 15.
  • An exhibition area 57 can be seen as well as an administration building 58 and a social wing 59.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
EP95100171A 1994-01-26 1995-01-07 Wohneinheit und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie Bodenrahmen dazu Withdrawn EP0665341A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4402266 1994-01-26
DE4402226 1994-01-27
DE4404305 1994-02-11
DE4404305A DE4404305C2 (de) 1994-01-26 1994-02-11 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Wohneinheit in Hausbaustatik
DE4423749 1994-06-27
DE4423749 1994-06-27
DE4423423 1994-07-06
DE4423423A DE4423423C2 (de) 1994-06-27 1994-07-06 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Wohneinheit, die aus zwei mehreren Wohneinheitsabschnitten besteht
DE4434423 1994-09-27
DE4434423A DE4434423A1 (de) 1994-09-27 1994-09-27 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Wohneinheit

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004065724A1 (en) * 2003-01-23 2004-08-05 The Mattamy Corporation Carrier beams for houses
EP2037815A4 (en) * 2006-05-09 2010-01-27 Custom Quality Homes L L C BUILDING TRANSPORT DEVICE
FR2940338A1 (fr) * 2008-12-23 2010-06-25 Serge Vergnaud Bungalow transportable
CN108951849A (zh) * 2018-09-30 2018-12-07 万华建筑科技（烟台）有限公司 一种装配式房屋用框架
CN115749381A (zh) * 2022-11-21 2023-03-07 中建八局第二建设有限公司 一种装配式草原牧居及其施工方法

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US3605350A (en) * 1969-06-03 1971-09-20 William Stewart Bowers Modular housing structure
DE2406572A1 (de) * 1973-02-13 1974-08-15 Lely Nv C Van Der Raumkasten
US3862526A (en) * 1972-12-11 1975-01-28 Joseph B Loughlin Foldable a-frame mobile home
DE2632590A1 (de) * 1976-07-20 1978-01-26 Christa Gmbh & Co Kg Bausatz fuer aus fertigbauteilen bestehendes gebaeude
US4443992A (en) * 1980-10-13 1984-04-24 Mordechai Shechter Method of prefabricated construction, and building structure constructed in accordance with such method
DE9308017U1 (de) * 1993-05-15 1993-08-26 Apart Mobil Mobilheimbau- und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH, 46240 Bottrop Transportable Wohneinheit
DE9312109U1 (de) * 1993-08-13 1993-11-11 DSG Systembau GmbH, 56470 Bad Marienberg Gebäude, bestehend aus Modulen vorgefertigter Bauzellen

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3605350A (en) * 1969-06-03 1971-09-20 William Stewart Bowers Modular housing structure
US3862526A (en) * 1972-12-11 1975-01-28 Joseph B Loughlin Foldable a-frame mobile home
DE2406572A1 (de) * 1973-02-13 1974-08-15 Lely Nv C Van Der Raumkasten
DE2632590A1 (de) * 1976-07-20 1978-01-26 Christa Gmbh & Co Kg Bausatz fuer aus fertigbauteilen bestehendes gebaeude
US4443992A (en) * 1980-10-13 1984-04-24 Mordechai Shechter Method of prefabricated construction, and building structure constructed in accordance with such method
DE9308017U1 (de) * 1993-05-15 1993-08-26 Apart Mobil Mobilheimbau- und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH, 46240 Bottrop Transportable Wohneinheit
DE9312109U1 (de) * 1993-08-13 1993-11-11 DSG Systembau GmbH, 56470 Bad Marienberg Gebäude, bestehend aus Modulen vorgefertigter Bauzellen

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004065724A1 (en) * 2003-01-23 2004-08-05 The Mattamy Corporation Carrier beams for houses
EP2037815A4 (en) * 2006-05-09 2010-01-27 Custom Quality Homes L L C BUILDING TRANSPORT DEVICE
FR2940338A1 (fr) * 2008-12-23 2010-06-25 Serge Vergnaud Bungalow transportable
CN108951849A (zh) * 2018-09-30 2018-12-07 万华建筑科技（烟台）有限公司 一种装配式房屋用框架
CN115749381A (zh) * 2022-11-21 2023-03-07 中建八局第二建设有限公司 一种装配式草原牧居及其施工方法

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