Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
  • H01H9/0027—Operating mechanisms
  • H01H9/0033—Operating mechanisms with means for indicating the selected tap or limiting the number of selectable taps
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
  • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
  • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current 
  • G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current  wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is AC
  • G05F1/14—Regulating voltage or current  wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is AC using tap transformers or tap changing inductors as final control devices
  • G05F1/147—Regulating voltage or current  wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is AC using tap transformers or tap changing inductors as final control devices with motor driven tap switch
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
  • H01H2009/0061—Monitoring tap change switching devices
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H2009/0083—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00 using redundant components, e.g. two pressure tubes for pressure switch

Definitions

• the invention relates to a tap changer for tap transformers with a motor drive according to the preamble of the first claim.
• step switches with motor drive are known from DE-OS 24 10 641.
• the motor drives of these tap changers consist of a drive and an information unit;
• the main component of the drive unit is a drive motor - usually a three-phase asynchronous motor - which is switched on with the help of a contactor control depending on the direction of rotation and is disconnected from the mains and short-circuited after reaching the desired voltage level of the tap changer.
• a hand crank is provided for manual actuation of the tap changer if necessary.
• the information unit comprises means for detecting the current position of the tap changer, for example signaling contacts or rotary encoders associated with each possible tap division, which detect a rotation of the drive shaft and its direction of rotation.
• the motor drive is connected to a regulator by electrical lines.
• this known controller depending on the deviation
• REPLACEMENT LEAF between target and actual voltage on the transformer to be controlled and other control criteria e.g. B. in parallel control of multiple step transformers on common busbars, a signal for actuating the control is generated.
• a disadvantage of these known step switches is that the motor drive has a large number of electrical outputs, all of which have to be connected to the appropriate controller by means of separate electrical lines. These line connections necessarily result from the fact that a great deal of information, for example on the current position of the stepped shaft, on the rotation and rotation of the drive shaft, etc., is generated in the motor drive by electrical or electromechanical means, but is only processed in the controller, which is often far away. Additional lines are necessary to e.g. B. enable visual indication of slope; Finally, additional lines are required to return the control commands supplied by the controller to the motor drive, which converts them into a switching movement of the tap changer.
• the object of the invention is to provide a novel step switch with a motor drive, which is connected to the associated controller or a control room by only a single connecting line.
• the tap changer according to the invention has the great advantage that di information about its respective step division, its actual position within the range assigned to a step position, about reaching the respective upper and lower end position and all other information about the motor drive, e.g. B. the selected operating mode (local / remote), triggering the motor protection switch, standstill of the drive motor, etc. serially processed, d. H. stored and transmitted over only a single serial data connection to the known government, where they are needed to generate control commands
• the encoder device used to record the absolute value of the current position of the tap changer ensures that - in contrast to incremental rotary encoders - the position detection remains unaffected even after a temporary failure of the supply voltage.
• the arrangement of further additional interfaces on the motor drive is particularly advantageous.
• an additional serial interface it is possible, for example by means of a connected diagnostic device, such as a laptop, to read out information such as the number of circuits per stage and the current sum per stage. B. is useful for control and service purposes.
• additional means at this interface which, like a "tachograph", archive the information stored in the motor drive in addition to the serial transmission to the government over a certain period of time, for example in order to draw conclusions about the conditions of the past six or twelve hours in the event of an accident to be able to pull.
• such means can also be provided in the motor drive itself.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a known tap changer
• FIG. 2 shows a likewise schematic representation of a tap changer according to the invention with a motor drive, again in connection with a controller
• FIG 3 shows the motor drive of the tap changer according to the invention with its individual assemblies
• the information about the current switching state on the step transformer 1 obtained by rotary encoders, signaling contacts or the like is generated in an information unit of the motor drive 2, led to a term and from there by means of a Transmission path 3 fed to a known regulator 4 and other devices 5.
• the transmission path consists of a large number of individual electrical connections 3.1 to controller 4; in addition to this, the transmission link 3 also includes lines 3.2 which, independently of the controller 4, are led to further devices 5, for example separate detector or display panels, or are used with separate means (not shown in more detail) for controlling the level.
• the corresponding control commands are generated from the information obtained via the transmission link 3 and the I and U values, which are detected by means of the current converter 4.1 or voltage converter 4.2 and are directly connected to the controller 4, and via further lines
• the transmission link 3 thus consists of a large number of individual connections which can be assigned to different functional groups 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3.
• FIG. 2 shows the tap changer according to the invention with a motor drive with the same wiring, the same modules being assigned the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1.
• the means present in the motor drive 2 namely the means for detecting the absolute value of the current position of the tap changer, the means for detecting the actual position of the tap changer within a range of a tap position and the means for detecting the end position of the tap changer , which prepares information to be transferred to the controller 4 and can be transferred via a single serial transmission link 3.
• control commands generated in the controller 4 with the help of this information and the information from current and voltage transformers 4.1 and 4.2 are routed back to the motor drive 2 via this transmission link 3, so that, in addition to the energy supply 2.2 which is naturally present in each case, only a single data line is used to connect controller 4 and motor drive 2.
• the motor drive 2 also has an additional serial interface 2.1, the function of which will be explained below.
• step motor on the step transformer 10 is affected by the drive motor 11, which actuates the drive shaft 13 of the step switch via a load gear 12.
• the drive motor 11 is connected to a controller 160, which is shown here by way of example as a known contactor controller with a "lower” contactor 16.1, a “higher” contactor 16.2, an upstream motor protection 16.3 and a crank switch 16.4 for a crank handle 1 7 .
• a controller 160 which is shown here by way of example as a known contactor controller with a "lower” contactor 16.1, a “higher” contactor 16.2, an upstream motor protection 16.3 and a crank switch 16.4 for a crank handle 1 7 .
• an additional gear 14 is arranged, which converts the maximum movement of the drive shaft 13 between the end positions of the tap changer in a rotary movement of 360 ° of a position indicator 1 5, ⁇ e.g., a resolver, a potentiometer or an optical Encoder detected as an absolute position value and is fed to an evaluation unit 18.
• the evaluation unit 18 converts the absolute encoder signal, if this is necessary due to the encoder used, into a binary value that can be processed both by the hardware decoding 19 and by the microcontroller unit 21.
• REPLACEMENT LEAF Hardware decoding T9 has logic that is programmable for the corresponding switch type. Independent of the microcontroller unit 21, the stage position can thus be displayed in an operating element 25.
• the hardware decoding 19 also ensures redundantly, ie by evaluating additional signaling contacts, that the tap changer is not moved beyond its switching range, ie its end positions.
• Corresponding message lines 29 are connected to the controller 16.
• the microcontroller unit 21 continuously monitors the movement of the drive shaft 13 via the position transmitter 15. All the data that are important for operation are stored in a non-volatile memory. All detectable influences that can wear out the tap changer are registered and summed up for the tap changer monitoring. For tap changer revisions, the previous stress on the switch can then be read out by means of a diagnostic device 27 at a diagnostic connection 26. _
• the stage position of the switch can be read on the display and control element 25.
• Indicator lights are operationally important conditions, such as. B. the actual position of the tap changer within a range and the end positions are displayed.
• This element also contains buttons for manual up and down switching as well as a switch for operating mode selection (local / remote).
• the microcontroller unit 21 has two serial interfaces.
• the bidirectional serial interface 22 is intended for communication with a voltage regulator 23 known per se. All messages and information arising in the motor drive are transmitted to the voltage regulator 2 and, if necessary, can be transmitted from there in conventional parallel messages. Messages such as the acknowledgment of a motor drive fault are also registered by the voltage regulator 2 and forwarded to the motor drive
• the voltage regulator 23 holds the actual voltage value of a network by actuating the tap changer via the motor drive within preset limits of the voltage setpoint.
• the necessary switching commands are transmitted via the serial data line 22.1.
• the transformer current is also transmitted with each switching operation.
• a diagnostic connection 26 With a diagnostic connection 26, the values determined by the switch monitor and the records archived in the last hours before a malfunction about the operation by means of a diagnostic device 27, e.g. B. a laptop can be read out.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
• Control Of Stepping Motors (AREA)
• Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
• Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)
• Programmable Controllers (AREA)
• Control Of Position Or Direction (AREA)
• Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
• Protection Of Transformers (AREA)
• Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)
• Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
• Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=6457946

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (12)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (38)

Family Cites Families (9)

• 1992
  • 1992-04-30 DE DE4214431A patent/DE4214431C3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1993
  • 1993-04-07 DE DE59307904T patent/DE59307904D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-04-07 CA CA 2134682 patent/CA2134682C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-04-07 WO PCT/EP1993/000863 patent/WO1993022717A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1993-04-07 AU AU39798/93A patent/AU3979893A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1993-04-07 AT AT93909362T patent/ATE161639T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1993-04-07 EP EP19930909362 patent/EP0667009B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-04-07 RU RU94045928/07A patent/RU94045928A/ru unknown
  • 1993-04-07 KR KR1019940703732A patent/KR950701436A/ko not_active Ceased
  • 1993-04-07 HU HU9401379A patent/HU216368B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1993-04-07 JP JP5518862A patent/JPH07505971A/ja active Pending
  • 1993-04-07 US US08/313,204 patent/US5736827A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1994
  • 1994-09-28 BG BG99071A patent/BG61586B1/bg unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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