EP0673460A1 - Piece prefabriquee destinee a la construction d'immeubles et son procede de production et de construction - Google Patents

Piece prefabriquee destinee a la construction d'immeubles et son procede de production et de construction

Info

Publication number
EP0673460A1
EP0673460A1 EP93923072A EP93923072A EP0673460A1 EP 0673460 A1 EP0673460 A1 EP 0673460A1 EP 93923072 A EP93923072 A EP 93923072A EP 93923072 A EP93923072 A EP 93923072A EP 0673460 A1 EP0673460 A1 EP 0673460A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
unit
panels
panel
room
room unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP93923072A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sting Olofsson
Henry Norrby
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ohmans Bygg AB
Original Assignee
Ohmans Bygg AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ohmans Bygg AB filed Critical Ohmans Bygg AB
Publication of EP0673460A1 publication Critical patent/EP0673460A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34823—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of concrete

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to buildings of the type composed of a plurality of prefabricated room units which each comprise a top panel, a bottom panel and a plu ⁇ rality of wall panels, especially four, extending there- between, and which are mounted on top of one another with at least one unit mounted on top of another unit, the top and bottom panels of the individual room units each having a thickness that is insufficient to prevent impermissible downward bending of the panels in the detached state of the room unit, and the bottom panel of each overlying unit being connected to the top panel of the underlying unit by means of a plurality of spaced-apart connecting means serving to prevent parallel displacement of the panels in relation to one another, thereby to provide a rigid floor structure not liable to bending.
  • Such buildings are used to an increasing extent when constructing housing areas in connection with enterprises of a temporary nature, such as mines to be worked for a limited period of time or long-term building sites, e.g. in the vicinity of a nuclear or hydroelectric power sta ⁇ tion.
  • This type of buildings is highly advantageous, in that the individual room units can be finished and even fully equipped at the factory, to be rapidly and expe ⁇ trans assembled on site. Furthermore, the buildings can be rapidly disassembled when the enterprise at issue has come to an end, and be reassembled elsewhere.
  • this invention aims at obviating the above inconveniences and providing a building which is erected from a plurality of easy-to-handle and easy-to- transport room units of concrete and of comparatively low total weight and which merely involves moderate precision requirements as to production and foundation.
  • This aim is achieved by a building having the features recited in the characterising clause of independent claim 1.
  • the invention concerns a prefabricated room unit as such. The basic features of the inventive room unit are stated in the characterising clause of independent claim 2.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing and erecting buildings of the type defined in claim 1. The basic features of the inventive method are recited in the characterising clause of inde ⁇ pendent claim 4.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view illustrating an inventive room unit on which another unit (merely schematically indicated) is about to be applied
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the room unit in Fig. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a simplified, partial side view showing the area between two room units about to be intercon ⁇ nected
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged section of the top and bottom panels of two room units, showing the area of a means serving to interconnect the panels
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an element which forms part of the bottom panel in Fig. 4 and which, together with an element forming part of the top panel, forms the above connecting means
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view illustrating an inventive room unit on which another unit (merely schematically indicated) is about to be applied
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the room unit in Fig. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a simplified, partial side view showing the area between two room units about to be intercon ⁇ nected
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged section of the top and bottom
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged section of corner areas of two room units, the upper unit being in the process being applied on the lower unit, FIG. 7 is a similar section of the room units when assembled, and FIG. 8 is a top plan view of the corner area of the lower room unit in Fig. 6. Description of the Preferred Embodiment
  • a room unit generally designated 1, com ⁇ prises a top panel 2, a bottom panel 3 (see also Figs 3 and 4) and four wall panels which extend therebetween and which are made up of two side walls 4 and two end walls 5.
  • the room unit 1 thus basically has the shape of a parallelepiped.
  • Door and win ⁇ dow openings 6 and 6', respectively, are formed in one or more of the walls 4, 5.
  • the unit 1 advan ⁇ tageously holds but a single room, but it is conceivable to provide the unit with one or more partitions dividing it into two or more rooms.
  • the size as well as the positions of the openings 6, 6' may vary quite consi- derably.
  • Another and similar room unit 1' is indicated above the room unit 1, on which it is to be applied.
  • all the panels 2, 3, 4 and 5 are made of concrete, preferably reinforced concrete.
  • the wall panels 4, 5 may be comparatively thin (e.g. in the range of 50-80 mm)
  • the top and bottom panels 2, 3 would need a thickness in the range of 150-200 mm to obtain suf ⁇ ficient strength and rigidity to be able to separately carry load without exhibiting any tendencies to bending downwards.
  • the two panels 2, 3 were that thick, the total weight of the room unit would become quite considerable.
  • the top and bottom panels 2, 3 of the room unit each should have a thickness in the range of 40-100 mm, suit ⁇ ably 50-80 mm.
  • the panels are interconnected by means of a plurality of spaced-apart connecting means, of which one, generally designated 7, is shown in Fig. 4.
  • the connecting means 7 comprises a first connecting element 8 consisting of a male element or projection from the underside of the bot- torn panel 3, the projection being in the form of a tube embedded in the panel 3.
  • the tube 8 is fixed to a thin metal sheet 9 flush with or close to the underside of the panel 3.
  • a bowl 12 which has a frustoconical, upwardly diverging shape and which separates the casting material 11 from the concrete in the panel 2, is arranged in the seat 10.
  • the bowl 12 is advantageously made of plastic and serves to facilitate the separation of the panels 2, 3 in the event of the room units being disassembled.
  • Fig. 4 further shows a reinforcement 13 which in practice is arranged in both panels 2, 3. Although this reinforcement may consist of conventional wire netting, it may alternatively be a fibre glass reinforcement which can be arranged at close proximity to the underside of the concrete panel, thereby minimising the thickness of the panel.
  • this reinforcement may consist of conventional wire netting, it may alternatively be a fibre glass reinforcement which can be arranged at close proximity to the underside of the concrete panel, thereby minimising the thickness of the panel.
  • the top panel 2 has a thickness of 60 mm and the bottom panel 3 has a thickness of about 80 mm.
  • nine seats with associated bowls 12 are formed in the upper side of the top panel 2.
  • the seats are arranged in three rows of three seats each, the central row being situated approximately halfway between the two end walls of the room unit, and the other two rows being situated in the vicinity of the end walls, albeit at a considerable distance therefrom.
  • the tubes 8 projecting from the underside of the bottom panel 3 are arranged in an analogous pattern.
  • Cups 14, whose function will be described in more detail with refe ⁇ rence to Figs 6-8, are provided on the top panel 2 at the corners of the room unit 4.
  • three spacers 15 are placed on the top panel 2 and serve to position the over ⁇ lying room unit 1' in the correctly levelled horizontal position when lowered onto the underlying unit 1.
  • Each spacer 15 may consist of one or more metal washers or plates built up to the right level after levelling has been performed with the aid of a conventional levelling instrument.
  • Figs 6 and 7 illustrate a corner area of two room units, one unit being about to be lowered onto the other.
  • the cup 14 may advantageously be a circular plastic cup, a number of slits 16 being formed in the circumferential wall of the cup to facilitate deformation thereof.
  • the cup When the units are to be assembled, the cup is applied on the top panel of the underlying room unit and is advantageously fixed in the desired position by means of a pin 17, or the like. Then, the cup is filled with casting material 18, such as concrete or mortar, in full measure. More precisely, the height of the casting mate ⁇ rial 18 should exceed that of the highest spacer 15. Assembly
  • the spacers 15 are levelled, such that the upper sides of all three are situated in a common horizontal plane.
  • the bowls 12 and the cups 14 are filled with casting material, advantageously con ⁇ ventional mortar or concrete, at least the cups 14 being filled in full measure, as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the room unit 1' is lowered onto the underlying unit 1 until the underside of its bottom panel 3 is applied against the upper side of the spacers 15.
  • the projections or tubes 8 pene ⁇ trate into the casting material 11 in the bowls 12, while at the same time casting material 18 in the four cups 14 is pressed out laterally to form a supporting plate whose height is perfectly adapted to the height of the gap between the panels 2, 3, which is determined by the spacers 15. This takes place automatically, owing to the cup walls allowing unresisting deformation and the upper room unit being more than heavy enough to press out the casting material 18.
  • the casting material 18 When the casting material 18 has set after a certain period of time, it forms a supporting plate taking up any vertical loads from the overlying room unit 1'.
  • the cast body forms, together with the tube 8, a connecting means taking up any shearing or transverse forces between the two panels 2, 3, thus preventing or counteracting parallel displacement of the panels.
  • the two panels 2, 3 will cooperate to form a resistant, flexurally rigid floor structure, despite the comparative thinness of the panels.
  • the panels 2, 3 When mounted, the panels 2, 3 will therefore form a strong floor structure able to carry a considerable load without causing e.g. cracks to form in any covering on the underside of the top panel 2.
  • the building composed of the illustrated room units is to be disassembled and moved after some time, this is easily performed by simply lifting up each over- lying room unit from the unit below.
  • the cast body will then be pulled up from its position in the seat 10 without any substantial resistance owing to the provision of the bowl 12 delimiting the cast body 11 from the concrete in the panel 2.
  • the cast body 18 at the corners of the room units exert even less resistance to such a lifting opera ⁇ tion.
  • the reinforced concrete in the top and bottom panels of the room units can be replac ⁇ ed with other equivalent materials, preferably casting materials. It should here also be pointed out that mate- rial other than concrete can be used for the wall panels 4, 5. Thus, the wall material may differ radically from the material used in the top and bottom panels.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Assembled Shelves (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

Une pièce préfabriquée destinée à la construction d'immeubles comprend un panneau supérieur (2), un panneau inférieur (3) ainsi qu'une pluralité de panneaux de parois. Les panneaux supérieur et inférieur (2, 3) présentent chacun une épaisseur insuffisante pour empêcher une flexion inadmissible vers le bas des panneaux à l'état détaché de ladite pièce. Sur le côté sous-jacent, le panneau inférieur (3) est doté d'une pluralité de premiers éléments de connexion (8) espacés, adaptés pour coopérer avec des seconds éléments de connexion (10) associés, disposés sur le côté supérieur du panneau supérieur (2) d'une pièce sous-jacente, lorsque les pièces sont assemblées, les éléments de connexion forment conjointement des moyens de connexion servant à empêcher le déplacement parallèle des deux panneaux (2, 3) comparativement minces, afin de produire ainsi une structure de plancher rigide non susceptible de fléchir.
EP93923072A 1992-10-13 1993-09-16 Piece prefabriquee destinee a la construction d'immeubles et son procede de production et de construction Ceased EP0673460A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9203001A SE500224C2 (sv) 1992-10-13 1992-10-13 Byggnad, prefabricerad rumsenhet för uppförande av dylik byggnad samt förfarande vid framställning och uppförande av dylik byggnad
SE9203001 1992-10-13
PCT/SE1993/000751 WO1994009219A1 (fr) 1992-10-13 1993-09-16 Piece prefabriquee destinee a la construction d'immeubles et son procede de production et de construction

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0673460A1 true EP0673460A1 (fr) 1995-09-27

Family

ID=20387462

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93923072A Ceased EP0673460A1 (fr) 1992-10-13 1993-09-16 Piece prefabriquee destinee a la construction d'immeubles et son procede de production et de construction

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0673460A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5287693A (fr)
PL (1) PL308353A1 (fr)
SE (1) SE500224C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994009219A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE508852C2 (sv) * 1997-03-10 1998-11-09 Concrete Volumes Sweden Ab Anordning för att lösgörbart förbinda fyra i en byggnad ingående, prefabricerade byggenheter
JP6399339B2 (ja) * 2014-07-09 2018-10-03 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 建物ユニット及び建物
CN107178148A (zh) * 2017-07-24 2017-09-19 山东新活新材料科技有限公司 一种生态环保型一体式建筑及其施工方法
SG10201903653UA (en) * 2019-04-16 2020-11-27 Integrated Precast Solutions Pte Ltd Precast building

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3550334A (en) * 1966-10-31 1970-12-29 Patent Concern Nv Plural story building comprising superimposed box-shaped dwelling units
DE2431029A1 (de) * 1973-07-03 1975-01-23 Houilleres Bassin Du Nord Bodenplatte fuer fertigwohnzellen und verfahren zur montage der wohnzellen
GB1434467A (en) * 1973-07-25 1976-05-05 Little P A Pre-fabricated room unit
GB1460111A (en) * 1974-02-22 1976-12-31 Galvagni M Three-dimensional pre-fabricated structural elements to be assembled in habitation units
US4019293A (en) * 1975-01-27 1977-04-26 Eduardo Santana Armas Building modules and structure embodying such modules
CH612713A5 (fr) * 1976-04-09 1979-08-15 Matrapa Sa

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9409219A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL308353A1 (en) 1995-07-24
SE9203001D0 (sv) 1992-10-13
SE500224C2 (sv) 1994-05-09
SE9203001L (sv) 1994-04-14
AU5287693A (en) 1994-05-09
WO1994009219A1 (fr) 1994-04-28

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