EP0674329A1 - Hybridschalter - Google Patents

Hybridschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0674329A1
EP0674329A1 EP95410013A EP95410013A EP0674329A1 EP 0674329 A1 EP0674329 A1 EP 0674329A1 EP 95410013 A EP95410013 A EP 95410013A EP 95410013 A EP95410013 A EP 95410013A EP 0674329 A1 EP0674329 A1 EP 0674329A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
static
hybrid
main
closing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP95410013A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Joseph Maftoul
Georges Bernard
Pierre Leclercq
Jean-Claude Faye
Paul Glenat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric SE filed Critical Schneider Electric SE
Publication of EP0674329A1 publication Critical patent/EP0674329A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hybrid switch comprising a main electromechanical switch, having fixed and movable contacts, connected in parallel on a branch circuit comprising, in series, a secondary electromechanical switch and a static switch comprising a bidirectional current controlled rectifier, l 'hybrid switch comprising first control means, for successively controlling the opening of the main and secondary switches, and second control means for controlling the static switch.
  • Such a hybrid switch is, for example, described in document DE-A-3,432,025.
  • the main switch is opened first.
  • the static switch is blocked so as to completely interrupt the flow of current through the hybrid switch.
  • the secondary switch is then opened to galvanically separate the input and output of the hybrid switch.
  • the static switch must withstand all of the voltage applied across the hybrid switch before the secondary switch opens. This implies, in particular if the hybrid switch is to be used at medium or high voltage, the use of a static switch capable of withstanding high voltages and / or synchronization of the opening of the main and secondary switches and of the 'static switch to limit this period as much as possible.
  • These measures are costly and, in the event of synchronization, require mechanical synchronization of the contacts for each phase in the case of a polyphase switch.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a hybrid switch which does not have these drawbacks.
  • the second control means comprise means for detecting a displacement of the movable contact of the main switch and means for producing a signal for closing the switch. static immediately in response to said detection, said closing signal having a predetermined duration such that the static switch is blocked only after opening of the secondary switch, an arc being able to form in the secondary switch until the current through the static switch.
  • the current in the bypass circuit is automatically interrupted by the static switch when the current crosses zero after the electromechanical switches open. There is no need to synchronize the closing of the static switch and / or the opening of electromechanical switches on the current flowing through the hybrid switch.
  • control means comprise closing means for closing the static switch when the voltage across the static switch exceeds a predetermined threshold.
  • FIG. 1 represents a particular embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 respectively illustrates a signal B for closing the static switch of the hybrid switch of FIG. 1.
  • Figures 3, 4 and 5 respectively represent, as a function of time, the current I in the hybrid switch, the current Ip in the main switch and the current Id in the branch circuit of the hybrid switch according to Figure 1 .
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 respectively represent, as a function of time, the voltages U2 at the terminals of the static switch and U1 at the terminals of the secondary switch of the hybrid switch according to FIG. 1.
  • the hybrid switch according to FIG. 1 comprises a main electromechanical switch 1, connected between input 2 and output terminals 3. A main circuit is thus defined between terminals 2 and 3. A branch circuit is connected in parallel on the main circuit between terminals 2 and 3.
  • the branch circuit includes a secondary electromechanical switch 4 connected in series with a static switch.
  • the static switch is constituted by two thyristors Th1 and Th2 connected in parallel and in reverse.
  • a first control device 5 controls the electromechanical switches 1 and 4.
  • the triggers of the thyristors Th1 and Th2 are both connected to an output 6 of a second control device 7.
  • the anode of the thyristor Th1 is connected to the cathode of a Zener diode D1, the anode of which is connected to the trigger of thyristor Th1.
  • a limiting resistor R1 is connected in series with the Zener diode D1 between the anode and the trigger for thyristor Th1.
  • a Zener diode D2 and a limiting resistor R2 are connected in series between the anode and the trigger of thyristor Th2.
  • the second control device 7 is connected to the output of a movement detection device 8.
  • the device 8 is intended to detect a movement of the movable contact 9 of the switch 1 in the direction of an open position.
  • the control device 5 controls the opening of the switches 1 and 4.
  • an instant t1 (fig. 2) the movable contact 9 of the main switch 1 begins an opening movement.
  • the fixed contact 10 of the switch 1 has dimensions such that the opening of the switch 1 is effective only after a predetermined stroke of the movable contact 9. In FIG. 4, this opening occurs at an instant t2.
  • the duration separating the instants t1 and t2 can be of the order of a millisecond.
  • the opening of the secondary switch 4 is carried out with a slight offset, at an instant t3 (fig. 7).
  • This offset is symbolized in FIG. 1 by a delay element 11.
  • the offset can be of the order of a millisecond.
  • Such an offset, produced by any suitable mechanical means, is conventional in electromechanical switches comprising secondary contacts, or arcing contacts, in parallel on main contacts.
  • the movement detection device 8 detects the movement of the movable contact at time t1. This detection is signaled, by a signal A, to the control device 7. The control device 7 then supplies on output 6 a signal B for closing the static switch. In FIG. 2, the signal B goes to a logic level 1 at the instant t1.
  • the movement of opening of the movable contact 9 of the main switch therefore causes the emission of a signal B of closing of the static switch, at time t1, shortly before the effective opening of the main switch. 1.
  • the current Ip is interrupted in the main circuit and the current Id passes in the branch circuit.
  • the instant t2 corresponds to a positive alternation of the current I.
  • the thyristor Th1 is then conductive.
  • the main switch 1 being short-circuited by the bypass circuit, it opens practically without arc.
  • the secondary switch 4 opens with a slight offset, at time t3. Since the current Id is not zero, an arc is formed between the contacts of the secondary switch.
  • the branch circuit continues to ensure the passage of current between terminals 2 and 3.
  • the variations in the voltage U1 at the terminals of the secondary switch 4, which was zero until time t3, are shown in Figure 7 ..
  • the current Id goes through zero, blocking the thyristor Th1.
  • the signal B ( Figure 2) has a duration of between 1/2 period and a period of the current signal I. The signal B is therefore still present on output 6 of the control device at time t4. It then causes the thyristor Th2 to turn on at the start of the negative alternation of the current Id. The signal B in FIG. 2 returns to zero at an instant t5, before the end of this negative alternation of the current Id.
  • the current Id again passes to zero, blocking the thyristor Th2.
  • the signal B having previously returned to zero, at time t5, the two thyristors Th1 and Th2 are then blocked.
  • the static switch is then open, opening the branch circuit between terminals 2 and 3.
  • the voltage U2 across the static switch is shown in Figure 6. It is zero until time t6, then begins to increase, in absolute value, when the static switch is blocked. Simultaneously the arc voltage U1 is canceled.
  • the voltage U2 reaches at a time t7 a predetermined threshold voltage, of absolute value Us.
  • a predetermined threshold voltage of absolute value Us.
  • the Zener diode D1 reaches its conduction threshold and a conduction pulse B1 (FIG. 2) is applied, via R1 and D1, to the trigger of thyristor Th1, which becomes conductive again.
  • the thyristor Th1 remains conductive during a positive alternation of Id, until an instant t8. As soon as the thyristor Th1 becomes conductive, the voltage U2 becomes almost zero again at the terminals of the static switch. An arc is reformed across the terminals of the secondary switch 4.
  • the zero crossing of current Id blocks thyristor Th1. No signal being applied to the trigger of thyristor Th2, it remains blocked. The current remains zero and the arc disappears.
  • the voltage U2 increases in absolute value. In FIG. 6, the voltage U2 becomes negative. But it does not reach the threshold -US which would cause the conduction of the Zener diode D2, the production of a pulse on the trigger of the thyristors and the conduction of the thyristor Th2. Indeed, the distance between the contacts of the secondary switch 4 has gradually increased. The deionization of the gases surrounding the contacts of the switch 4 begins and the switch 4 gradually re-establishes its dielectric strength.
  • the static switch therefore never supports a large voltage and only supports a voltage, limited to the voltage of the +/- US threshold, for a very short time.
  • An arc is tolerated in the secondary switch 4 until the power is cut by the static switch. Since the power is not cut off by the secondary switch, the latter can include a cheap extinguishing device. In particular, it is not necessary to use an SF6 switch. It is possible to use a gas with poorer extinguishing properties such as nitrogen or air. In the case of a switch in the air, it is also possible to avoid the use of compressed air.
  • the static switch consists of two thyristors Th1 and Th2. It can be constituted by any bidirectional controlled rectifier, in particular by a triac.
  • Signal B supplied by the control device does not have to be synchronized with the current and its duration is not critical.
  • the preferential use of a signal B whose duration is greater than a half period of the network current makes it possible in all cases to ensure the conduction of the static switch during at least one half-wave. This duration is generally sufficient to ensure sufficient opening of the contacts of the secondary switch 4 after less than one period of conduction of the static switch.
  • the signal B therefore preferably has a duration shorter than the period of the current I.
  • the reclosing means can be constituted by any circuit capable of detecting the exceeding of a predetermined threshold by the voltage U2 and capable of supplying the thyristors with the energy necessary for their conduction when such an excess is detected.
  • the switch is polyphase, it includes a hybrid switch per phase, the control device being able to be common to all the phases.

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  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
EP95410013A 1994-03-23 1995-03-08 Hybridschalter Ceased EP0674329A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9403507 1994-03-23
FR9403507A FR2717949B1 (fr) 1994-03-23 1994-03-23 Interrupteur hybride.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0674329A1 true EP0674329A1 (de) 1995-09-27

Family

ID=9461416

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95410013A Ceased EP0674329A1 (de) 1994-03-23 1995-03-08 Hybridschalter

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0674329A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2717949B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19619437C2 (de) * 1996-05-14 2003-01-16 Abb Schweiz Ag Schaltgerät
CN114325056A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-12 北京紫光芯能科技有限公司 一种用于双向电流检测的电路和移动终端

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9054530B2 (en) 2013-04-25 2015-06-09 General Atomics Pulsed interrupter and method of operation

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2245070A1 (en) * 1973-09-25 1975-04-18 Electricite De France AC switching circuit for thermostat - uses solid-state switch closing when mechanical switch opens
DE3317964A1 (de) * 1983-05-17 1984-11-22 Magnet-Bahn Gmbh, 8130 Starnberg Hybridschuetz, damit ausruestbarer elektromagnetischer linearantrieb und verfahren zum schalten des hybridschuetzes
EP0161628A2 (de) * 1984-05-11 1985-11-21 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Schaltgerät
DE3432025A1 (de) * 1984-08-31 1986-03-13 Kromberg & Schubert, 5600 Wuppertal Schaltgeraet, insbesondere zum ein- und ausschalten von stromverbrauchern grosser leistung
FR2579007A1 (fr) * 1985-03-12 1986-09-19 Telemecanique Electrique Interrupteur hybride

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2245070A1 (en) * 1973-09-25 1975-04-18 Electricite De France AC switching circuit for thermostat - uses solid-state switch closing when mechanical switch opens
DE3317964A1 (de) * 1983-05-17 1984-11-22 Magnet-Bahn Gmbh, 8130 Starnberg Hybridschuetz, damit ausruestbarer elektromagnetischer linearantrieb und verfahren zum schalten des hybridschuetzes
EP0161628A2 (de) * 1984-05-11 1985-11-21 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Schaltgerät
DE3432025A1 (de) * 1984-08-31 1986-03-13 Kromberg & Schubert, 5600 Wuppertal Schaltgeraet, insbesondere zum ein- und ausschalten von stromverbrauchern grosser leistung
FR2579007A1 (fr) * 1985-03-12 1986-09-19 Telemecanique Electrique Interrupteur hybride

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19619437C2 (de) * 1996-05-14 2003-01-16 Abb Schweiz Ag Schaltgerät
CN114325056A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-12 北京紫光芯能科技有限公司 一种用于双向电流检测的电路和移动终端
CN114325056B (zh) * 2021-12-31 2024-02-27 北京紫光芯能科技有限公司 一种用于双向电流检测的电路和移动终端

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2717949A1 (fr) 1995-09-29
FR2717949B1 (fr) 1996-05-10

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