Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
  • D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides
  • D01F6/605—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides from aromatic polyamides
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
  • D06M13/165—Ethers
  • D06M13/17—Polyoxyalkyleneglycol ethers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
  • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
  • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
  • D06M13/2246—Esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/325—Amines
  • D06M13/342—Amino-carboxylic acids; Betaines; Aminosulfonic acids; Sulfo-betaines
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
  • Y10T428/2938—Coating on discrete and individual rods, strands or filaments
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
  • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
  • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
  • Y10T428/2969—Polyamide, polyimide or polyester

Definitions

• the present invention relates to aramid fibers coated with a selected preparation and the use of these fibers.
• Aromatic polyamides - also known as aramids - are known fiber-forming materials with high chemical resistance. Aramid fibers are characterized above all by good mechanical properties, such as high strength and modulus.
• aramid fibers are usually loaded with so-called preparations in order to improve the processing properties in post-treatment or further processing.
• preparation systems for aramid fibers are described in WO-A-92-15,747, EP-A-416,486, EP-A-423,703, JP-A-49-62,722, JP-A-51-88,798 and JP-A-58- 46,179 as well as in Research Disclosures 219,001 and 195,028.
• the fibers treated according to the invention are notable for good thread closure and good antistatic properties of the individual filaments. Preparations are made available that have a low surface or interfacial tension and a low intrinsic color. With the preparations to be used according to the invention, a uniform wetting and distribution on the fiber surface is made possible and the thread / metal friction is significantly reduced. Furthermore, the preparation to be used according to the invention is characterized by a very low volatility in water vapor and temperature.
• the preparation system according to the invention is characterized by good biodegradability; This means that preparations can be produced that are more than 80% biodegradable within the meaning of the 38th VwV of the WRMG (Detergents and Cleaning Agents Act).
• the preparation to be used according to the invention is applied to the aramid fibers in the amount adapted to the particular application. This is usually an amount of 0.2 to 4% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 2% by weight, based on the amount of fiber.
• the proportions of the individual components A) and B) can be selected within wide limits.
• Component A) is usually used in amounts of 20 to 80% by weight, preferably 30 to 70% by weight.
• Component B) is usually used in amounts of 20 to 80% by weight, preferably 30 to 70% by weight.
• constituents customary for preparations can also occur in the aramid fiber preparations according to the invention.
• these constituents customary for preparations can also occur in the aramid fiber preparations according to the invention. Examples of this are corrosion inhibitors, coloring components such as pigments, biocides and preservatives.
• Component A) of the preparations to be used according to the invention is a special polyalkylene glycol ether ester.
• R1 and R5 can be any alkyl or alkenyl group with eight to eighteen carbon atoms. These can be branched, but preferably straight-chain, residues. R1 and R5 are particularly preferably an alkyl radical.
• alkyl groups examples include octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl and octadecyl.
• the alkenyl groups can be any alkenyl radicals with eight to eighteen carbon atoms, which can be straight-chain or branched. Examples include octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecenyl or octadecenyl.
• R1 and / or R5 C12-C14 alkyl are particularly preferred.
• R2 are radicals of the formula -C n H 2n -, where n is an integer from 2 to 4.
• Such residues are derived from polyalkylene oxides.
• R 2 radicals contain partially recurring structural units which are derived from propylene oxide.
• R3 can be hydrogen or any alkyl group or alkenyl group.
• alkyl groups are, in addition to the radicals listed above in the description of R 1, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl or behenyl. Ethylenically unsaturated residues are also possible.
• R3 is preferably methyl and most preferably hydrogen.
• R4 is a radical of the general formula -C m H 2m -, where m is an integer from 8 to 18.
• R4 can have one or more non-conjugated ethylenically unsaturated bonds.
• a preferred example of residues of this type are residues of the general formula -C m H 2m-2 -, wherein m has the meaning given above.
• R6 and R7 can be any alkyl group with one to twelve carbon atoms. R6 and R7 can also be different within the scope of the given definitions.
• alkyl groups examples include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl or dodecyl.
• R6 and R7 are preferably methyl.
• R8 is branched or in particular straight-chain alkylene with one to four carbon atoms. Examples include butylene, propylene, ethylene or preferably methylene.
• Compounds of the formula III are usually present in a mixture with alkali halides, preferably with alkali chlorides, in particular with sodium chloride.
• Aramid fibers with a preparation containing compounds of the formulas I and III are particularly preferred as constituents.
• An example of a preferred component A is the product R Leomin LS from Hoechst AG.
• An example of a preferred component B is the product R Genagen LAB from Hoechst AG.
• the fiber according to the invention can consist of any aramids. These can be aramids, which essentially consist of meta-aromatic Monomers are built up.
• An example of compounds of this type is poly (meta-phenylene-isophthalamide).
• the fiber-forming material is preferably aramids, which are composed to a substantial extent of para-aromatic monomers. Some of these aramids are not soluble in organic solvents and are therefore usually spun from sulfuric acid.
• An example of compounds of this type is poly (para-phenylene-terephthalamide).
• Another preferred group of this type is soluble in organic solvents, especially polar aprotic solvents.
• soluble aromatic polyamide is understood to mean an aromatic polyamide that has a solubility in N-methylpyrrolidone of at least 50 g / l at 25 ° C.
• the polar aprotic organic solvent contains at least one amide type solvent, e.g. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, tetramethyl urea, N-methyl-2-piperidone, N, N'-dimethylethylene urea, N, N, N ', N'-tetramethyl maleic acid amide, N-methyl caprolactam, N-acetyl pyrrolidine , N, N-diethylacetamide, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N'-dimethylpropionic acid amide, N, N-dimethylisobutylamide, N-methylformamide, N, N'-dimethylpropyleneurea.
• the preferred organic solvents for the process according to the invention are N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacetamide and a mixture of these compounds.
• Aromatic polyamides are preferably used which are soluble in polar aprotic organic solvents with the formation of isotropic solutions and which have at least two, in particular three, different recurring structural units which differ in the diamine units.
• polymers which have the recurring structural units of the formulas IV, V and optionally VI -OC-Ar1-CO-NH-Ar2-NH- (IV), -OC-Ar1-CO-NH-Ar3-NH- (V), -OC-Ar1-CO-NH-Ar4-NH- (VI), wherein Ar1, Ar2, Ar3 and Ar4 independently of one another represent a divalent mono- or polynuclear aromatic radical, the free valences of which are in the para position or in the meta position or in a parallel, coaxial or angled position comparable to these positions, and Ar2, Ar3 and optionally Ar4 in each case assume different meanings within the scope of the given definitions, and the respective monomer units on which the polymer is based are selected such that an aromatic polyamide which forms soluble and isotropic solutions in organic solvents is obtained.
• radicals mean divalent aromatic radicals, the valence bonds of which are in para- or in a comparable coaxial or parallel position to one another, these are mono- or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon radicals or heterocyclic-aromatic radicals which can be mono- or polynuclear.
• heterocyclic-aromatic radicals these have in particular one or two oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms in the aromatic nucleus.
• Polynuclear aromatic radicals can be condensed with one another or connected linearly to one another via CC bonds or via —CO — NH groups.
• valence bonds which are in a coaxial or parallel position, are directed in opposite directions.
• An example of coaxial, oppositely directed bonds are the biphenyl-4,4'-ene bonds.
• An example of parallel, opposite bonds are the naphthalene 1,5 or 2,6 bonds, while the naphthalene 1,8 bonds are parallel aligned.
• Examples of preferred divalent aromatic radicals are mononuclear aromatic radicals with mutually para-free valences, in particular 1,4-phenylene or dinuclear fused aromatic radicals with parallel directed bonds, in particular 1,4-, 1,5- and 2,6-naphthylene, or dinuclear aromatic residues linked via a CC bond with coaxial, oppositely directed bonds, in particular 4,4'-biphenylene.
• radicals mean divalent aromatic radicals whose valence bonds are in a meta or in a comparable angled position to one another, these are mono- or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon radicals or heterocyclic-aromatic radicals which can be mono- or polynuclear.
• heterocyclic-aromatic radicals these have in particular one or two oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms in the aromatic nucleus.
• Polynuclear aromatic radicals can be condensed with one another or via C-C bonds or via bridging groups, e.g. -O-, -CH2-, -S-, -CO- or - SO2- be connected to each other.
• Examples of preferred divalent aromatic radicals whose valence bonds are in a meta or in a comparable angled position to one another are mononuclear aromatic radicals with free valences which are meta to one another, in particular 1,3-phenylene or dinuclear fused aromatic residues with angled bonds, in particular 1,6- and 2,7-naphthylene, or dinuclear aromatic residues linked via a CC bond with angled bonds, in particular 3,4'-biphenylene.
• Smaller proportions for example up to 5 mol% of the monomer units, based on the polymer, can be aliphatic or cycloaliphatic in nature, for example alkylene or cycloalkylene units.
• Alkylene radicals are to be understood as meaning branched and in particular straight-chain alkylene, for example alkylene with two to four carbon atoms, in particular ethylene.
• Cycloalkylene radicals are, for example, radicals having five to eight carbon atoms, in particular cycloalkylene.
• substituents are alkyl, alkoxy or halogen.
• Alkyl radicals are to be understood as meaning branched and in particular straight-chain alkyl, for example alkyl having one to six carbon atoms, in particular methyl.
• Alkoxy radicals are to be understood as meaning branched and in particular straight-chain alkoxy, for example alkoxy with one to six carbon atoms, in particular methoxy.
• radicals are halogen, it is, for example, fluorine, bromine or, in particular, chlorine.
• Aromatic polyamides based on unsubstituted radicals are preferably used.
• Terephthalic acid units are preferably used as the dicarboxylic acid unit in the aromatic polyamides containing the recurring structural units of the formulas IV, V and optionally VI.
• Examples of preferred diamine combinations on which these preferred recurring structural units of the formulas IV, V and VI are based are 1,4-phenylenediamine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane and 3,3'-dichloro-, 3,3'-dimethyl- or 3 , 3'-dimethoxybenzidine; as well as 1,4-phenylenediamine, 1,4-bis (aminophenoxy) benzene and 3,3'-dichloro-, 3,3'-dimethyl or 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine; as well as 1,4-phenylenediamine, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether and 3,3'-dichloro, 3,3'-dimethyl or 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine; as well as 1,4-phenylenediamine, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether and 4,4'-diaminobenzanilide; and 1,4-phenylenediamine
• Aramides which are derived from such diamine combinations and which can preferably be used according to the present invention are described in EP-A-199,090, EP-A-364,891, EP-A-364,892, EP-A-364,893 and EP-A- 424,860.
• aromatic polyamides to be used according to the invention are known per se and can be produced by processes known per se.
• Ar 1 is a divalent mono- or polynuclear aromatic radical, the free valences of which are in the para position or in a parallel or coaxial position comparable to this position
• Ar 2 is a divalent one or polynuclear aromatic radical, the free valences of which are in the p-position or in one to this position comparable parallel or coaxial position to each other
• Ar3 represents a radical of formula VII -Ar5-X-Ar6- (VII), wherein Ar5 and Ar6 independently of one another represent a divalent mono- or polynuclear aromatic radical, the free valences of which are in the para position or in a parallel or coaxial position comparable to this position, or in which Ar6 additionally represents a divalent mono- or polynuclear aromatic radical whose free valences are in the meta position or in an angular position comparable to this position, X is a group of the formula -O-, -S-, -SO2-, -O
• fiber is to be understood in its broadest meaning within the scope of this invention; this includes, for example, continuous fibers (filaments), such as mono- or multifilaments, or staple fibers or pulp.
• continuous fibers such as mono- or multifilaments
• staple fibers or pulp The preparation to be used according to the invention is preferably used on aramid filaments.
• the aramid fibers to be used according to the invention can be produced by processes known per se, as described, for example, in EP-A-199,090, EP-A-364,891, EP-A-364,892, EP-A-364,893 and EP-A-424,860.
• the preparation can be applied directly after the threads have been spun out or in the aftertreatment.
• the preparations to be used according to the invention are applied in particular in the form of aqueous emulsions.
• the application can be carried out by means of known devices, such as dipping, preparation rolls or by spraying.
• the aramid fibers treated according to the invention can have an organic or inorganic stretching preparation applied to them.
• the aramid fibers according to the invention are notable for excellent mechanical properties, such as high tear strengths and initial moduli and low elongation at break, and also for the above-mentioned favorable application and processing properties.
• the fibers according to the invention preferably have single filament titer greater than or equal to 0.5 dtex, in particular from 1 to 20 dtex.
• the tensile strength of the fibers according to the invention is preferably 40 to 290 cN / tex.
• the initial modulus, based on 100% elongation, of the fibers according to the invention is preferably 10 to 130 N / tex.
• the cross-sectional shape of the individual filaments of the fibers according to the invention can be any, for example triangular, tri-or multilobal or in particular elliptical or round.
• the fibers according to the invention which have excellent mechanical and thermal properties and are notable for high stretchability, can be processed in various ways and used industrially.
• the aramid fibers according to the invention can be used in particular in the production of textile fabrics for interlacing, twisting, braiding or folding.
• the aramid fibers according to the invention are preferably used in knitting or weaving.
• the invention also relates to the use for these purposes.
• the aramid fibers according to the invention can be processed in particular to give woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, laid fabrics, wickerwork or nonwovens.
• the preparation-containing aramid fibers according to the invention are distinguished by a number of advantageous properties.
• the water vapor volatility of the preparations according to the invention was ⁇ 10% at 102 ° C., while conventional preparations have water vapor volatilities of up to 25%.
• the abrasion of the preparations according to the invention e.g. was very small and dusty when twisted, and that the abrasion could be removed easily and did not form a sticky build-up on the deflection members. Compared to conventional systems, an improvement of around 30% was found.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 1994
  • 1994-03-28 DE DE4410708A patent/DE4410708C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1995
  • 1995-03-15 EP EP95103743A patent/EP0675222A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1995-03-24 US US08/410,041 patent/US5674615A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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