EP0701175A1 - Elektrographisches lichtempfindliches Material - Google Patents

Elektrographisches lichtempfindliches Material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0701175A1
EP0701175A1 EP95112591A EP95112591A EP0701175A1 EP 0701175 A1 EP0701175 A1 EP 0701175A1 EP 95112591 A EP95112591 A EP 95112591A EP 95112591 A EP95112591 A EP 95112591A EP 0701175 A1 EP0701175 A1 EP 0701175A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
photosensitive material
charge transport
transport layer
polycarbonate resin
resin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95112591A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sumitaka C/O Fuji Electric Co. Ltd. Nogami
Michihiro C/O Fuji Electric Co. Ltd. Kitazawa
Katsuhiro C/O Fuji Electric Co. Ltd. Sato
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Publication of EP0701175A1 publication Critical patent/EP0701175A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording-members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat or to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
    • G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
    • G03G5/0557—Macromolecular bonding materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsatured bonds
    • G03G5/0564—Polycarbonates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording-members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat or to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording-members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat or to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/14—Inert intermediate or cover layers for charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/147—Cover layers
    • G03G5/14708—Cover layers comprising organic material
    • G03G5/14713—Macromolecular material
    • G03G5/14747—Macromolecular material obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • G03G5/14756—Polycarbonates

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an electrophotographic photosensitive material, and more specifically, to an organic electrophotographic photosensitive material which contains a specific polycarbonate resin used as a binder resin in a charge transport layer.
  • Electrophotographic technologies can give high quality images instantaneously, and thus have found wide use in recent years not only in the field of copying machines but in the field of various printers.
  • the core of electrophotographic technologies is electrophotographic photosensitive materials as image forming members. They include conventional inorganic photosensitive materials having a photosensitive layer comprising inorganic photoconductive materials such as selenium, selenium-arsenic alloys, cadmium sulfide, and zinc oxide.
  • organic photosensitive materials having a photosensitive layer comprising organic photoconductive materials have been developed and have become widespread because of their advantages, such as freedom from pollution, easy film-forming with high productivity, and varieties of materials available.
  • organic photosensitive materials are so-called dispersed single-layer type photosensitive materials having a photosensitive layer comprising a finely divided organic photoconductive material dispersed in a binder resin, and so-called laminate type photosensitive materials having a photosensitive layer comprising a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer laminated together.
  • Fig. 1 shows the former single-layer type photosensitive material having an electroconductive substrate 1, and a photosesitive layer 20 comprising a finely divided organic photosensitive material dispersed in a binder resin 5.
  • Fig. 2 shows the latter laminate type photosensitive material comprising an electroconductive substrate 1, and a photosensitive layer 21 provided thereon, the lower one of which is a charge generating layer 4 containing a charge generating substance 3 as the main component, and the upper one of which is a charge transporting layer 6 containing a charge transporting substance.
  • the latter laminate type photosensitive materials are advantageous in that they are provided with high sensitivity by functionally dividing their photosensitive layer into a charge generation layer for receiving light and generating charge carriers and a charge transport layer for transporting the charge carriers generated, forming these layers from materials optimal for their respective functions, and combining them together as a laminate; that they permit a broad choice of materials and have high safety; and that their productivity is high and their cost relatively low, since the respective layers can be formed as coatings.
  • they are highly likely to become the mainstream of photosensitive materials, and their commercial use is under way.
  • Electrophotographic photosensitive materials are required to possess electrical properties, mechanical properties and optical properties adapted to the electrophotographic process applied.
  • the photosensitive materials for repeated use are required to be durable to electrical or mechanical force directly applied to their surface layer by corona charge, toner development, transfer to paper or cleaning. That is, they are required to have resistance to deterioration of characteristics such as sensitivity decrease, charge capacity decrease, and residual potential increase due to ozone generated during corona charge; and resistance to wear or scars of the surface of the photosensitive material caused by its abrasion during development, transfer or cleaning.
  • the surface of organic photosensitive materials is a layer consisting essentially of a resin, and thus the materials are greatly influenced by the characteristics of the resin.
  • the resins that have hitherto been used as satisfying the characteristics required of the surface layer are polycarbonate resins having bisphenol A as the skeleton material.
  • the polycarbonate resins are hereinafter referred to as bisphenol A type polycarbonate resins.
  • laminate type organic photosensitive materials now in actual use are inferior to inorganic photosensitive materials, particularly, in terms of durability.
  • One of the factors to determine durability is physical properties.
  • the laminate type organic photosensitive materials involve the drawback that they are apt to undergo wear or surface scars due to loads in practical use, such as development with the toner, friction with the paper, and friction with the cleaning member. This drawback has restricted their printing resistance.
  • This invention has been accomplished in the light of the above drawback. It is aimed at providing an organic photosensitive material highly resistant to stress cracks, solvent cracks and wear, and having markedly improved durability, by incorporating a resin as a binder resin into a charge transport layer, the resin being highly solvent soluble, being highly compatible with a charge transport substance, easily forming a satisfactory film, and having high wear resistance.
  • an electrophotographic photosensitive material having a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer on a conductive substrate, the layers consisting essentially of an organic material, wherein a polycarbonate resin prepared using as a starting material a bisphenol compound consisting essentially of a bisphenol compound of the following structural formula (I) (the polycarbonate resin is referred to hereinbelow as the invented polycarbonate resin) is incorporated as a binder resin into the charge transport layer.
  • a polycarbonate resin prepared using as a starting material a bisphenol compound consisting essentially of a bisphenol compound of the following structural formula (I) (the polycarbonate resin is referred to hereinbelow as the invented polycarbonate resin) is incorporated as a binder resin into the charge transport layer.
  • the invented polycarbonate resin desirably contains 30 mol % or more of the bisphenol compound of the structural formula (I). If its content is lower, the effect of the invention cannot be exhibited fully.
  • the invented polycarbonate resin has a polystyrene-converted weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 10,000 to 200,000 as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
  • the proportion of the invented polycarbonate resin incorporated in the binder resin for the charge transport layer is desirably 80 weight % or more. A lower proportion makes the effect of the invention insufficiently exhibited.
  • the photosensitive material of the present invention is a laminate type photosensitive material having a photosensitive layer comprising a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer laminated on a conductive substrate.
  • the order of lamination may be such that the charge transport layer is provided on the charge generation layer, or vice versa.
  • the conductive substrate of the photosensitive material of the invention includes, for example, metallic materials, such as aluminum, stainless steel or nickel; polyester films, phenolic resin pipes, paper tubes or glass tubes, each having on the surface a conductive layer of aluminum, copper, palladium, tin oxide or indium oxide; and plastics containing conductive powder, such as carbon powder, metal powder or metallic oxide powder in dispersed state.
  • metallic materials such as aluminum, stainless steel or nickel
  • plastics containing conductive powder such as carbon powder, metal powder or metallic oxide powder in dispersed state.
  • an undercoat layer having a barrier function or an adhesive function, if it is necessary.
  • the materials for forming the undercoat layer are, for example, resins such as polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl alcohol, casein, polyamide, cellulose, gelatin, polyurethane or polyester, and metallic oxides such as aluminum oxide.
  • the thickness of the undercoat layer is preferably 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • Charge generating substances for use in the charge generation layer are organic pigments such as phthalocyanine pigments, azo pigments, quinacridone pigments, indigo pigments, perylene pigments, polycyclic quinone pigments, anthanthrone pigments, and benzimidazole pigments.
  • organic pigments such as phthalocyanine pigments, azo pigments, quinacridone pigments, indigo pigments, perylene pigments, polycyclic quinone pigments, anthanthrone pigments, and benzimidazole pigments.
  • a binder resin such as polycarbonate resin, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylic ester, polymethacrylic ester, polyvinyl chloride copolymer, polyester, polyvinyl acetoacetal, polyvinyl propional, polyvinyl butyral, phenoxy resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, cellulose ester, or cellulose ether.
  • the proportion of the charge generating substance is preferably
  • the charge transport layer is formed by converting an enamine compound, a styryl compound, a hydrazone compound, a butadiene compound, an amine compound or the like as the charge transporting substance into a solution together with the binder resin containing the invented polycarbonate resin, and applying the resulting coating solution.
  • the thickness of the charge transport layer is usually 10 to 40 ⁇ m.
  • To the charge transport layer may be added a leveling agent and a plasticizer for the purpose of improving the film-forming properties and coating properties.
  • Antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers may also be added to improve ozone resistance, NO x resistance, and ultraviolet light resistance.
  • the resin to be used along with the invented polycarbonate resin for the binder resin of the charge transport layer includes, for example, polycarbonate resin other than the invented polycarbonate resin, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylic ester, polymethacrylic ester, polyester, polyvinyl acetoacetal, polyvinyl propional, polyvinyl butyral, phenoxy resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, cellulose ester, and cellulose ether.
  • the invented polycarbonate resin can be synthesized easily by mixing the bisphenol compound of the aforementioned structural formula (I) with other bisphenol compound in predetermined proportions, and performing their condensation by a customary method using phosgene.
  • the bisphenol compound other than that of the structural formula (I) includes, for example, compounds of the following structural formulae: where R represents any one of the following formulae
  • a 3-liter reactor was charged with 0.2 mol of a bisphenol compound of the structural formula (I), 0.1 mol of 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, 500 ml of a 5% aqueous solution of NaOH, and 400 ml of methylene chloride. With the charge stirred vigorously, COCl2 was blown therein for 20 minutes at a rate of 500 ml/min. The reaction temperature was held at 15°C. Further, 40 ml of sodium hydroxide at a concentration of 13.7%, 0.2 g of trimethylbenzylammonium chloride, and 0.3 ml of triethylamine were added.
  • the mixture was stirred for 1 hour to perform a polycondensation reaction.
  • the product was diluted with 400 ml of methylene chloride, and washed with 1 liter of water, 0.5 liter of 0.01N hydrochloric acid, and 1 liter of water in this order.
  • the resulting organic acid was poured into 5 liters of methanol to precipitate a white polymer.
  • the filter cake was dried for 12 hours at 100°C to obtain about 100 g of a copolymerized polycarbonate resin.
  • This resin had a molecular weight (Mw), as determined by GPC, of 25,000.
  • Copolymerized polycarbonate resins each weighing about 100 g were obtained in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1 except that bisphenol compounds of the structural formulae shown in Table 2 were used in place of the 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane.
  • the molecular weights (Mw) by GPC of the resulting resins were as shown in Table 2.
  • Copolymerized polycarbonate resin was obtained in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1 using 0.045 mol of the bisphenol compounds of the structural formula (1) and 0.255 mol of the 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane.
  • the molecular weights (Mw) by GPC of the resulting resins was 60,000.
  • a bisazo compound of the following structural formula was dispersed by a sand mill together with 1.0 part by weight of a polyvinyl acetal (ESLEX KS-1, a product of Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), 16 parts by weight of methyl ethyl ketone, and 9 parts by weight of cyclohexanone, followed by further adding 75 parts by weight of methyl ethyl ketone, to prepare a coating fluid.
  • ESLEX KS-1 polyvinyl acetal
  • the coating fluid was coated onto the surface of an aluminum cylinder (outside diameter 60 mm, length 348 mm, and thickness 1 mm) provided beforehand with a 0.5 ⁇ m thick film of a soluble polyamide resin (DIAMIDE T-171, a product of Daicel Hurus) to form a charge generation layer with a dry-basis thickness of 0.2 ⁇ m.
  • a soluble polyamide resin DIAMIDE T-171, a product of Daicel Hurus
  • Photosensitive materials of Examples 2 to 7 with the stucture shown in Fig. 2 were produced in the same manner as described above except that the polycarbonate resin used for the charge transport layer was replaced by each of the resins prepared in Synthesis Examples 2 to 7.
  • a photosensitive material with the stucture shown in Fig. 2 was produced in the same way as in Example 1 except that the polycarbonate resin used for the charge transport layer was replaced by a resin of the following structural formula which had a molecular weight (Mw) of 40,000.
  • a photosensitive material with the stucture shown in Fig. 2 was produced in the same way as in Example 1 except that the polycarbonate resin used for the charge transport layer was replaced by a resin of the following structural formula which had a molecular weight (Mw) of 40,000.
  • a photosensitive material with the stucture shown in Fig. 2 was produced in the same way as in Example 1 except that the polycarbonate resin used for the charge transport layer was replaced by a resin of the following structural formula which had a molecular weight (Mw) of 40,000.
  • the coating solutions used for the formation of the charge transport layer in Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were allowed to stand at room temperature, and observed for stability. Moreover, each of the coating solutions was coated onto a glass plate, and a fingerprint was applied. After the coating was allowed to stand for 1 day in an atmosphere at a temperature of 60°C and a relative humidity of 90%, it was observed for the occurrence of cracks. The results are shown in Table 3.
  • the coating solutions for the charge transport layers of Examples 1 to 7 were well stable, and their coatings developed no cracks.
  • the coating solutions of Comparative Examples 1 and 3 had poor stability, developing whitening when left to stand for 1 day. Their coatings also showed large cracks.
  • the coating solution of Comparative Example 2 had satisfactory stability, but cracks occurred in its coating. Thus, the invented polycarbonate resin is clearly effective.
  • each of the photosensitive materials of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was mounted on a commercially available copying machine (PP-3380, a product of Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.). After 100,000 copies were made using a A4-size paper, the photosensitive materials were examined for fluctuations in the electrical characteristics, decreases in film thickness, and changes in image quality. The results are shown in Table 4-1 and 4-2.
  • the film thickness can be regarded as the thickness of the charge transport layer, since the thickness of the charge generation layer is 0.2 ⁇ m. Thus, the decrease in film thickness may be considered the decrease in the thickness of the charge transport layer.
  • the photosensitive materials of Examples 1 to 7 were stable in electrical characteristics and film thickness, and gave stably good image quality at the initial stage and after making 100,000 copies.
  • the photosensitive materials of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 by contrast, underwent great fluctuations in electrical characteristics, marked decreases in film thickness, white blank and black spots occurrence in image owing to the preparation of 100,000 copies.
  • the incorporation of the invented polycarbonate resin into the charge transport layer markedly improved the durability of the photosensitive material.
  • an electrophotographic photosensitive material having a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer on a conductive substrate
  • the layers consisting essentially of an organic material
  • a polycarbonate resin prepared using as a starting material a bisphenol compound consisting essentially of a bisphenol compound of the aforementioned structural formula (I) is incorporated as a binder resin into the charge transport layer.
  • the invented polycarbonate resin with such a feature is highly solvent soluble, is highly compatible with the charge transport substance, easily forms a satisfactory film, and has high wear resistance.
  • By incorporating such a resin in the binder resin of the charge transport layer it becomes possible to obtain an organic electrophotographic photosensitive material highly resistant to stress cracks, solvent cracks and wear, and having markedly improved durability.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP95112591A 1994-08-11 1995-08-10 Elektrographisches lichtempfindliches Material Withdrawn EP0701175A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP189156/94 1994-08-11
JP18915694 1994-08-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0701175A1 true EP0701175A1 (de) 1996-03-13

Family

ID=16236387

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95112591A Withdrawn EP0701175A1 (de) 1994-08-11 1995-08-10 Elektrographisches lichtempfindliches Material

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0701175A1 (de)
KR (1) KR960008432A (de)
CN (1) CN1123421A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8722289B2 (en) 2010-05-31 2014-05-13 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Electrophotographic photoreceptor and image-forming apparatus
US9494883B2 (en) 2011-03-17 2016-11-15 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Electrophotographic photoreceptor and resin composition

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6689862B2 (en) * 2002-07-03 2004-02-10 General Electric Company Polyestercarbonates and methods of manufacture
US8029956B2 (en) * 2006-01-13 2011-10-04 Xerox Corporation Photoreceptor with overcoat layer

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6162040A (ja) 1984-09-04 1986-03-29 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd 電子写真用感光体
JPS6162039A (ja) 1984-09-04 1986-03-29 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd 電子写真用感光体
EP0356246A2 (de) * 1988-08-25 1990-02-28 Konica Corporation Photorezeptor
US5139908A (en) * 1989-01-19 1992-08-18 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Electrophotographic photoreceptor with bromine or chlorine containing polycarbonate
WO1993024861A1 (en) * 1992-06-04 1993-12-09 Agfa-Gevaert Naamloze Vennootschap Photoconductive recording material with crosslinked binder system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6162040A (ja) 1984-09-04 1986-03-29 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd 電子写真用感光体
JPS6162039A (ja) 1984-09-04 1986-03-29 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd 電子写真用感光体
EP0356246A2 (de) * 1988-08-25 1990-02-28 Konica Corporation Photorezeptor
US5139908A (en) * 1989-01-19 1992-08-18 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Electrophotographic photoreceptor with bromine or chlorine containing polycarbonate
WO1993024861A1 (en) * 1992-06-04 1993-12-09 Agfa-Gevaert Naamloze Vennootschap Photoconductive recording material with crosslinked binder system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8722289B2 (en) 2010-05-31 2014-05-13 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Electrophotographic photoreceptor and image-forming apparatus
US9494883B2 (en) 2011-03-17 2016-11-15 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Electrophotographic photoreceptor and resin composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1123421A (zh) 1996-05-29
KR960008432A (ko) 1996-03-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11256186B2 (en) Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus
EP1808732B1 (de) Photorezeptor mit Überzugsschicht
JP4259628B2 (ja) 電子写真感光体
EP0638848A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bildaufzeichnungselementen
EP0464749A1 (de) Element für die Bildherstellung
US5994011A (en) Electrophotographic photosensitive member having specified polycarbonate-containing surface layer
EP0810480A2 (de) Elektrophotographisches, lichtempfindliches Element, sowie Geräte und Prozesskassetten die es umfassen
US7727693B2 (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor, electrophotographic image forming method, and electrophotographic apparatus
US20070281229A1 (en) Electrophotographic photoconductor and image forming apparatus
EP0459315B1 (de) Lichtempfindliches Element für die Elektrophotographie
KR19980042684A (ko) 폴리카보네이트 수지 및 이를 이용한 전자 사진용 감광체
US5725982A (en) Photoconductor for electrophotography
EP0701175A1 (de) Elektrographisches lichtempfindliches Material
JP3525238B2 (ja) 電子写真感光体
KR100474118B1 (ko) 전자사진용감광체및그의제조방법
EP0762217B1 (de) Elektrophotographischer Photorezeptor
JPH08106168A (ja) 電子写真感光体
EP0538795A1 (de) Elektrophotographisches lichtempfindliches Element und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE112014003941T5 (de) Elektrofotographisches fotosensitives Element, Prozesskartusche und elektrofotographischer Apparat, und Phthalocyaninkristall
JP4617235B2 (ja) 電子写真感光体及び電子写真感光体の製造方法
US5418098A (en) Electrophotographic photosensitive member, and electrophotographic apparatus, device unit and facsimile machine having the photosensitive member
JP3141778B2 (ja) 電子写真感光体
US12619171B2 (en) Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus
EP1262841B1 (de) Herstellungsverfahren eines elektrolichtempfindlichen Elements
US20240118633A1 (en) Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19960626

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19960913

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19970325