EP0702375B1 - Fil conducteur aérien pour chemins de fer électriques à grande vitesse et procédé pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Fil conducteur aérien pour chemins de fer électriques à grande vitesse et procédé pour sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0702375B1
EP0702375B1 EP95113311A EP95113311A EP0702375B1 EP 0702375 B1 EP0702375 B1 EP 0702375B1 EP 95113311 A EP95113311 A EP 95113311A EP 95113311 A EP95113311 A EP 95113311A EP 0702375 B1 EP0702375 B1 EP 0702375B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wire
cold working
alloy
component
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP95113311A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0702375A2 (fr
EP0702375A3 (fr
Inventor
Christian Dr. Kuhrt
Arno Fink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0702375A2 publication Critical patent/EP0702375A2/fr
Publication of EP0702375A3 publication Critical patent/EP0702375A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0702375B1 publication Critical patent/EP0702375B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a catenary wire of a high-speed electrical railway line with a tensile strength (R m ) of the wire of at least 550 MPa and an electrical conductivity ( ⁇ ) of at least 65%, based on that of annealed pure copper according to the International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS) .
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing such an overhead line wire.
  • Such an overhead line wire and a corresponding manufacturing method can be found in EP 0 569 036 A.
  • the contact wire material is therefore subject to the highest demands with regard to its mechanical tensile strength R m with high electrical conductivity ⁇ at the same time.
  • a CuAg alloy with an Ag content of 0.1% by weight Ag content is currently used for the contact wire of the Re250 control overhead line from Deutsche Bahn AG with a grooved profile and 120 mm 2 diameter.
  • This alloy has a tensile strength R m of about 350 MPa (N / mm 2 ) with a conductivity ⁇ of about 95%, based on that of annealed pure Cu according to IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard).
  • the contact wire is designed for regular operation at speeds of up to 250 km / h. Taking into account an unavoidable wear, it is prestressed at 125 MPa, ie with about 36% of its tensile strength ⁇ or a safety margin against breakage of about 2.8 (cf.
  • Such a high minimum tensile strength can e.g. with from the mentioned copper alloys can be achieved.
  • the selected composition of the alloy requires that one of the melted components obtained casting strand after hot rolling to an output wire either by immersion in a water or oil bath must be cooled very quickly or after a slower one Air cooling then an additional heat treatment (Solution annealing) with rapid cooling got to.
  • the preform obtained in this way then undergoes several cold deformations subjected to being interrupted by excretion annealing are. Because of the generally necessary rapid cooling of the preliminary product from the solution temperature (860 - 1000 ° C) the known method is relatively expensive and therefore not very suitable for commercial wire production.
  • An electrical wire is also made from US Pat. No. 4,755,235 a precipitation hardened Cu alloy with Cr (0.05 to 1.5 wt%), Zr (0.05 to 0.5 wt%) and Mg (0.005 to 0.1% by weight).
  • an alloy melt is said be cooled rapidly (within 1 to 2 minutes from about 1200 ° C to room temperature).
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a catenary wire made of a material which on the one hand meets the minimum requirements mentioned with regard to the mechanical tensile strength R m and the electrical conductivity K and which on the other hand enables the wire to be produced in a simplified manner compared to the known methods.
  • the catenary wire consists of an at least 5-component, hardenable Cu a Cr b Zr c Mg d X e alloy, where X is an element from the group of elements Al, P, S, Fe, Ni , Zn, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb and Bi and should apply to the components (each in percent by weight): 0.2 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.8, 0.02 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.4, 0.01 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.2, 0.01 ⁇ e ⁇ 0.4, With a + b + c + d + e ⁇ 100 including unavoidable pollution elements.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that with the Choice of the Mg component in combination with the proportions mentioned the other components advantageous to a special one Treatment of the wire intermediate in the form of rapid cooling waived from the melting or solution temperature can be.
  • a melted from the alloy according to the invention then normal in the usual way, e.g. from 1200 ° C to room temperature in 5 to 10 min, cooled and optionally still pre-deformed, for example, by hot rolling Starting product or wire intermediate product therefore only needs to be cold worked and outsourced to using a wire to get the desired properties.
  • the materials to be selected for the X component (5th component) advantageously increase the yield strength of the Cu alloy and improve the formability of the wire intermediate. These properties are particularly important when the production of the wire only a single cold forming to be provided.
  • the wire according to the invention has a Si-free Cu alloy. Because by avoiding it of an Si portion can be an undesirable reduction exclude the electrical conductivity ⁇ (cf. e.g. the book “Materials in Electrical Engineering", Page 172).
  • the manufacturing method according to the invention is characterized in that that a wire intermediate is first created, whereby the Cu alloy melted and then opposed a rapid cooling cooled comparatively more slowly is then the wire intermediate by means of at least one Cold working is converted into a wire intermediate, then the intermediate wire product of at least one age heat treatment is subjected and if necessary the Cold forming and / or aging steps can be repeated at least once, with the last cold deformation the final shape of the wire is generated.
  • the intermediate wire product can be produced directly from the melt of the Cu alloy. But it is also possible an initial product formed from the slowly solidified melt by means of at least one pre-deformation in the To transfer wire intermediate.
  • the melt with a comparatively lower cooling rate especially with at most 20 ° C / s in the important temperature range from Melting temperature to about 700 ° C, are cooled. Below of 700 ° C the cooling rate can be significantly lower and for example at 5 ° C / s. Let such cooling rates realize themselves without much effort, so that the invention
  • the method is correspondingly simple to carry out is.
  • the aging heat treatment is in itself known manner at elevated temperature and above such Period carried out that the hardening of the Precipitation of the material required with the cold forming trained dislocation structures.
  • the material from the individual components preferably in a protective gas atmosphere such as melted under Ar.
  • a protective gas atmosphere such as melted under Ar.
  • Oxygen content in the melt should be as possible be low and preferably below 100 ppm.
  • the melt is then with a Cooling rate or rate (in ° C / min) cooled, the in the for the formation of the precipitation hardened material important temperature range between the melting temperature and about 700 ° C well below that for a quick Cooling characteristic cooling rates of at least about 100 ° C / s.
  • Such cooling rates can be achieved, for example, by a simple one Pour into a water-cooled mold under air or in a protective gas atmosphere. On a scare So in a water or oil bath can be beneficial to be dispensed with.
  • the direct pouring of the melt into one Pre-wire with e.g. 20 to 30 mm diameter by pulling the melt through a water-cooled, horizontally stored Chill mold is particularly suitable here.
  • the one, if necessary, cast into blocks or bars Melting mass can then be remelted to get out of it a wire preliminary product more suitable with regard to the wire shape to accomplish.
  • the cooled melt mass can by hot rolling to a wire intermediate as one Process pre-wire. Hot rolling can also be done in one continuous step, a so-called casting roll, immediately connect to the melting of the Cu alloy.
  • the pre-wire cross-section should be set this way be that in the subsequent at least a cold forming a cross-sectional reduction of 50 to 99%, preferably from 60 to 95%, is done so as to achieve the desired one Obtain the final cross-section of the catenary wire.
  • the pre-wire (or the pre-wire) is then undergo a first cold working.
  • Such cold deformation can e.g. by pressing or rolling or hammering, especially by pulling.
  • the degree of deformation is generally between 20 and 80%, preferably between 40 and 70%.
  • the first cold-forming step is then followed by a first one Age heat treatment of the wire intermediate which is advantageous at a temperature between 350 ° C and 600 ° C, preferably between 450 ° C and 500 ° C, performed becomes.
  • This heat treatment will harden the material due to excretions on those with cold forming generated dislocation structures achieved.
  • the duration this heat treatment is generally between 10 minutes and 10 hours. Large batches are significant Heating and cooling times must be taken into account.
  • the processing steps of cold forming and / or hardening by heat treatment are advantageously repeated, advantageously completed with a cold working the desired end product of the catenary wire in the to get hard drawn condition. If this last cold working should be done in just one step, then should not exceed the cross-sectional reduction to be chosen here 20% to 22%. Of course, everyone can Cold forming, in particular also the last cold forming, Assemble from several cold forming steps.
  • An at least 5-component Cu alloy of the composition Cu a Cr b Zr c Mg d X e is provided for the catenary wire to be produced in this way.
  • This proportion ⁇ of impurity elements is generally less than 100 ppm per impurity element.
  • the following table shows the tensile strength R m , the microhardness HV, the conductivity ⁇ and the elongation at break ⁇ B for some wires made of Cu alloys according to the invention in comparison to the known CuAg0.1 alloy for different processing states.
  • the microhardness HV 50 was determined on cross sections perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wire.
  • the electrical conductivity ⁇ was measured with 0.2 to 1 A alternating current in lock-in technology at 370 Hz using a four-point method.
  • the conductivity values determined apply to a temperature of 20 ° C.
  • the specified properties are the same for corresponding catenary wires.
  • the 5-component alloy according to the invention represents only a basic alloy for a catenary wire for high speed electric railways to which if necessary, at least one other element proportionate to one small proportion of less than 0.1 wt .-% added can be.
  • additional elements are particularly selected from the elements provided for the X component.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • Electric Cable Installation (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Claims (24)

  1. Fil conducteur aérien pour chemins de fer électriques à grande vitesses lequel fil présente une résistance à la traction (Rm) égale à au moins 550 MPa et une conductibilité électrique (κ) - par rapport à celle du cuivre pur recuit (International Annealed Copper Standard) - d'au moins 65%, formé d'un alliage durcissable comprenant au moins 5 composants CuaCrbZrcMgdXe, X étant un élément appartenant au groupe des éléments Al, P, S, Fe, Ni, Zn, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb et Bi et les composants vérifiant (à chaque fois en terme de % en poids) les formules suivantes: 0,2 ≤ b ≤ 0,8, 0,02 ≤ c ≤ 0,4, 0,01 ≤ d ≤ 0,2, 0,01 ≤ e ≤ 0,4, avec a + b + c + d + e ≅ 100 en incluant les éléments d'impureté inévitables.
  2. Fil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les composants Xe vérifient la formule: 0,02 ≤ e ≤ 0,2.
  3. Fil selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les composants Mgd vérifient la formule: d ≥ 0,05 % en poids.
  4. Fil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les composants Zrc vérifient la formule: c ≤ 0,2 % en poids.
  5. Fil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les composants Crb vérifient la formule: 0,3 % en poids ≤ b ≤ 0,6 % en poids.
  6. Fil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'on ajoute à l'alliage de Cu au moins un élément supplémentaire appartenant au groupe des éléments X dans une proportion inférieure à 0,1 % en poids.
  7. Fil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage de Cu ne contient pratiquement pas de Si.
  8. Fil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage de Cu contient, en tant que composants supplémentaires, du Si en proportion au plus égale à 0,1 % en poids.
  9. Procédé de fabrication du fil conducteur aérien selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes:
    a) on produit d'abord un précurseur du fil, l'alliage de Cu étant d'abord fondu puis refroidi de manière relativement lente par rapport à un refroidissement rapide;
    b) on transforme ensuite le précurseur du fil en un produit intermédiaire de fil au moyen d'au moins un formage à froid;
    c) on soumet ensuite le produit intermédiaire de fil à au moins un traitement thermique avec précipitation,
    d) le cas échéant, on répète, au moins une fois encore, les étapes b) et/ou c),
    la forme définitive du fil étant produite avec le dernier formage à froid.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que, pour réaliser le précurseur du fil, on produit d'abord un produit de base à partir des éléments de l'alliage de Cu au moyen d'une fusion suivie d'un refroidissement puis on transforme le produit de base en précurseur du fil au moyen d'au moins un préformage.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le - au moins un - préformage est réalisé à température élevée.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que le - au moins un - préformage est réalisé au moyen d'un matriçage et/ou d'un laminage et/ou d'un martelage.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'on forme, au moyen du - au moins un - préformage du produit de base, un précurseur du fil dont la section transversale nécessite que l'on procède à une réduction de la section transversale de 50 à 99%, de préférence de 60 à 95%, au moyen du - au moins un - formage à froid qui suit, afin d'obtenir la section transversale finale souhaitée pour le fil.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le précurseur du fil est coulé à partir de la masse fondue de l'alliage de Cu.
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 14, caractérisé en ce que l'on procède à un refroidissement de la masse fondue, dans l'étape a), dans une gamme de températures comprises entre la température de fusion et 700°C avec une vitesse de refroidissement inférieure à 100°C/s. de préférence égale au maximum à 20°C/s.
  16. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 15, caractérisé en ce que la fusion dans l'étape a) est réalisée à une température égale à au moins 1200°C.
  17. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 16, caractérisé en ce que l'on prévoit au moins deux formages à froid, une réduction relativement moins importante de la section transversale ayant lieu avec le dernier formage à froid.
  18. Procédé selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce qu'une réduction de la section transversale entre 60 et 80% a lieu avec le premier formage à froid et une réduction de la section transversale entre 10 et 30% a lieu avec le dernier formage à froid.
  19. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 18, caractérisé en ce que le produit final du fil est obtenu avec le dernier formage à froid.
  20. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 16, caractérisé en ce que la forme définitive du fil est produite avec un seul formage à froid du précurseur du fil.
  21. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 20, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un formage à froid comprend plusieurs opérations de formage.
  22. Procédé selon la revendication 21, caractérisé en ce que le dernier formage à froid comprend plusieurs opérations de formage.
  23. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 22, caractérisé en ce que le - au moins un - formage à froid est réalisé au moyen d'un matriçage et/ou d'un laminage et/ou d'un martelage et/ou d'un tréfilage.
  24. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 23, caractérisé en ce que le - au moins un - traitement thermique avec précipitation est exécuté à une température comprise entre 350°C et 600°C.
EP95113311A 1994-09-15 1995-08-23 Fil conducteur aérien pour chemins de fer électriques à grande vitesse et procédé pour sa fabrication Revoked EP0702375B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4432929 1994-09-15
DE4432929 1994-09-15
DE19528259 1995-08-01
DE19528259 1995-08-01

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0702375A2 EP0702375A2 (fr) 1996-03-20
EP0702375A3 EP0702375A3 (fr) 1996-09-11
EP0702375B1 true EP0702375B1 (fr) 1998-10-28

Family

ID=25940163

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95113311A Revoked EP0702375B1 (fr) 1994-09-15 1995-08-23 Fil conducteur aérien pour chemins de fer électriques à grande vitesse et procédé pour sa fabrication

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0702375B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE172814T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19530673A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2123883T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19539174C1 (de) * 1995-10-20 1997-02-27 Siemens Ag Oberleitungsfahrdraht einer elektrischen Hochgeschwindigkeitsbahnstrecke und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
ES2360718B1 (es) * 2009-11-24 2012-07-02 La Farga Lacambra, S.A.U. Aleación de cobre de altas prestaciones.
EP2479299B1 (fr) * 2011-01-24 2013-05-29 La Farga Lacambra, S.A. Câble tubulaire en cuivre pour lignes d'alimentation
CN102867595B (zh) * 2012-09-26 2015-12-09 江阴市电工合金有限公司 高耐磨铜银合金接触线及其生产方法
CN104332221B (zh) * 2014-11-28 2016-08-17 国家电网公司 一种高强度电缆及其制备方法
CN104361921B (zh) * 2014-11-28 2016-12-07 国家电网公司 一种铜合金单芯电缆及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0023362B2 (fr) * 1979-07-30 1993-04-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Procédé pour la fabrication d'un alliage de cuivre électriquement conducteur
JPS59117144A (ja) * 1982-12-23 1984-07-06 Toshiba Corp リ−ドフレ−ムおよびその製造方法
DE69317323T2 (de) * 1992-05-08 1998-07-16 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Draht für elektrische Bahnstrecke und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben
DE4321921A1 (de) * 1993-07-01 1995-01-12 Abb Patent Gmbh Fahrdraht und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE172814T1 (de) 1998-11-15
EP0702375A2 (fr) 1996-03-20
DE59504054D1 (de) 1998-12-03
ES2123883T3 (es) 1999-01-16
EP0702375A3 (fr) 1996-09-11
DE19530673A1 (de) 1996-03-21

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