EP0704248B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur zentrifugalen Trennung von Öl erster und zweiter Pressung - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur zentrifugalen Trennung von Öl erster und zweiter Pressung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0704248B1
EP0704248B1 EP95202424A EP95202424A EP0704248B1 EP 0704248 B1 EP0704248 B1 EP 0704248B1 EP 95202424 A EP95202424 A EP 95202424A EP 95202424 A EP95202424 A EP 95202424A EP 0704248 B1 EP0704248 B1 EP 0704248B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radial
centrifugal extractor
oil
component
lighter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95202424A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0704248A1 (de
Inventor
Gennaro Pieralisi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nuova Macchine Agricole Industriali Pieralisi MAIP SpA
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Nuova Macchine Agricole Industriali Pieralisi MAIP SpA
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Publication date
Priority claimed from ITMI941985A external-priority patent/IT1270102B/it
Priority claimed from IT95MI001564 external-priority patent/IT1275574B/it
Application filed by Nuova Macchine Agricole Industriali Pieralisi MAIP SpA filed Critical Nuova Macchine Agricole Industriali Pieralisi MAIP SpA
Publication of EP0704248A1 publication Critical patent/EP0704248A1/de
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Publication of EP0704248B1 publication Critical patent/EP0704248B1/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B04B2001/2041—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl with baffles, plates, vanes or discs attached to the conveying screw
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B04B2001/2083—Configuration of liquid outlets

Definitions

  • the object of this invention is a process for the drawing of quantities of oil of different qualities by means of a centrifugal extractor and an appropriate centrifugal extractor capable of performing such differentiated extraction.
  • centrifugal extractors substantially comprising a scroll fitted inside a rotary drum and rotating in turn relative to the latter, which effect within the drum the separation and stratification of the various components of the product which is comprised of a solid part and two fluid parts of varying specific gravity.
  • the product to be separated comprises a substantially solid part, known as olive residue, which constitutes the waste; a first heavier fluid part, substantially consisting of water, which is also considered as waste; and a second, lighter fluid part substantially consisting of oil which forms the valuable part to be separated and recovered independently of the other two.
  • centrifugal separating machines of known type the product to be separated is normally fed to the machine in the form of crushed pulp with added water which, in the centrifugation phase becomes disposed radially to increase an intermediate separating layer between the solid and the oil, thereby bringing about improved separation of the oily component from the solid component.
  • the first oil to flow out is that extracted from the oil-bearing cell which, being already agglomerated, is readily extractable, while the last oil obtained from pressing is that located in the interstice between one cell and another, which is less mature and therefore of inferior quality.
  • the solid bottom residue on flowing out of the centrifuge, carries with it part of such valuable fluid component with a consequent reduction of yield and/or the need for a subsequent additional recovery operation, as well as part of the heavy fluid component which makes it necessary to maintain the product at a low level within the drum to enable the solid residue to drain to the greatest possible extent from the valuable component prior to flowing out of the extractor.
  • a further aim of this invention is the provision of a centrifugal extractor for products consisting of several components of varying specific gravity which make it possible to reduce to a minimum the quantity of valuable lighter fluid component flowing out of the separator together with the solid residue and to achieve at the same time the direct drawing of oils of different qualities including direct drawing of the oil of second or third choice which is normally lost with the residue, or recovered by subsequent separating operations applied to the said solid residue.
  • a further aim of the invention is to provide centrifuging systems capable of performing differentiated extraction of oils of different qualities.
  • a centrifugal extractor is essentially comprised of a fixed, substantially cylindrical casing 1, provided at its opposite ends with annular sections separated from one another and opening downward, forming radial collectors 1a, 1b, 1c for the recovery of the different components of the product to be separated which, in the particular case of processing of olives, are formed respectively by solid residue, known as olive residue, heavy fluid residue, consisting of water, and oil.
  • a rotary hollow drum 2 of substantially cylindrical-truncated cone shape, which is mounted on bearings 2a to enable it to rotate relative to casing 1, the drive for the said drum being of conventional type and therefore not shown in detail.
  • Such scroll 4 is substantially comprised of a hollow cylindrical-truncated cone body on which are formed outflow apertures for product 5 fed into it, in the direction of arrow P, by means of a pump, not shown, and a coaxial duct 5a.
  • a helix 4b which, on rotating in the direction opposite that of the drum, forces the solid residue to flow toward appropriate outlet 1a.
  • tube 5a concentrically to tube 5a is located a further tube 105 for the supply of water to the extractor.
  • Such water flows under pressure from holes or nozzles 105a and brings about fluid stratification which tends to promote a cleaner separation between the oil and the olive residue in the water outflow zone.
  • Front wall 2b of drum 2 has three pairs of holes, the first two pairs 6 and 7 of which are respectively located according to diameters perpendicular to one another, with different circumferences concentric to one another, and the third pair 8 is located according to a diameter forming an angle of 45° relative to the other two and a circumference with a radius smaller than that of the two pairs of holes 6 and 7.
  • the two pairs of holes 6 and 7 are located at a greater distance from the axis of rotation of scroll 4 and drum 2 than that of the third pair of holes 8, which are therefore closer to such axis of rotation.
  • holes 6 are associated with an outflow duct 6a ending in radial collector 1b where the lighter fluid component is collected, while holes 7 are associated with an inverted overfall duct 7a ending in radial collector 1c where the heavier component of product 5 is collected.
  • Holes 6 are furthermore closed in the axial direction by plugs 6b shaped with extensions 6c in order to bring about the opening or closure of duct 6a following the rotation of plug 6b in one direction or the other, thereby bringing about, in one case, the outflow of water on its own via hole 6 or, in the other case, the outflow of water together with the solid residue via opposite collector 1a.
  • the extractor operates with only two outlets (figs. 5 and 6): one 8 for the oil and one 1a for the olive residue and water.
  • a disc 9 provided with a concentric circular aperture having diametrically opposed, substantially rectangular slots 9a, capable of bringing about the opening of ducts 8 for the outflow of the light fluid component, in the case of an extractor having only two outlets.
  • the scroll of the centrifuge according to the invention is completed by a disc 11 or like solid piece fitted concentrically to said scroll 4.
  • the outside diameter of such disc is greater than the diameter of the circumference on which are located holes 8, so that the disc constitutes a barrier for separation in an axial direction of the oil of first pressing, which is forced into the drawing zone in an axial direction via such holes 8.
  • the centrifugal extractor according to the invention also provides further means for drawing the lighter fluid component in a radial direction, consisting of tubular pieces 12 inserted radially into drum 2 via holes 2d thereof, in such a way as to emerge at a point axially posterior to disc 11 in the direction of flow of the solid towards its own outlet 1a.
  • Such tubular pieces 12 have an inner end 12a located in relation to the level of stratification of the fluid component which it is required to collect, while opposite end 12b, located outside drum 2, flows into a collector 101 within fixed casing 1.
  • Such collector makes it possible to convey the drawn fluid toward duct 101a for the outflow and collection of the said fluid.
  • tubular pieces provision is also made for such tubular pieces to be located on the circumference of the drum in positions such as to maintain the dynamic balance of the separator during rotation. Furthermore, although the inclination of the tubular pieces with respect to the surface of drum 2 may be at any angle, it is obvious that the arrangement of radial tubes makes it possible to utilize the full centrifugal force determined by the rotary movement for the extraction of the oil in a radial direction.
  • the operation of the device is as follows: whether it is desired to process the product according to a so-called two-phase cycle (that is, with a single axial outflow of the valuable fluid and a single outlet for the intermixed solid residues and fluid), (fig. 5), or whether it is desired to process the product according to a so-called three-phase cycle (that is, with separate outflows of oil, water and solid), (fig. 2), there is brought about via disc 9 the opening or closure of the various extraction ducts from wall 2b, so that, as shown in fig.
  • Such radial drawing therefore reduces the quantity of oil which flows out with the residue, thereby increasing the overall output of the centrifugal extractor.
  • Such radially recovered oil constitutes the so-called oil of second pressing, i.e. that which requires longer centrifugation time in order to become separated from the oily pulp and which therefore, by not emerging rapidly, cannot be extracted axially to avoid reducing the quality of the oil of first pressing.
  • centrifugal extractor may be extended to processing with a liquid ring of thick section (fig. 5) and to the production of olive residue with a high moisture content.
  • the outlets in this case would be three in number, because of the presence of the new radial outlet.
  • annular zone of containment of the valuable fluid of second pressing which, in addition to being maintained more steady with respect to the direct current flow toward the outlet of the solid, may be better purged of the occurrence of any residues of water and solids still suspended in the oil.
  • Each radial drawing corresponds to a well-defined quality of oil which, if drawn via corresponding collectors 101 independent of one another, may be maintained separate.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Verfahren für die Extraktion von Ölen unterschiedlicher Qualität aus Ölpulpen, welches Verfahren die Phase der Trennung der unterschiedlichen fluiden und festen die Pulpe bildenden Bestandteile umfaßt, mittels der Zentrifugal-Trennung in einem Extraktor mit horizontaler Achse, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es für die folgenden Phasen sorgt:
    - Zuführen des Produktes zu dem Horizontal-Zentrifugal-Extrahierer;
    - Zentrifugieren;
    - Zurückhalten der leichteren Fluidkomponente durch Radialmittel in axialer Richtung;
    - Abziehen der axial zurückgehaltenen leichteren Fluidkomponente, welche die als erste Pressung bestimmte erste Ölqualität bildet, in axialer Richtung;
    - Extrahierung mindestens einer weiteren Menge von leichterer Fluidkomponente, die aus als zweite Pressung bestimmtem Öl besteht, in einer radialen Richtung.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine Mehrzahl von Extrahierungen der leichteren Fluidkomponente in radialer Richtung umfaßt, die an vorgegebenen Axialabständen bewirkt wird, wobei jede radiale Extrahierung die Auswahl eines Öls von wohlbestimmter Qualität mit Bezug auf das in anderen Positionen abgezogene Öl hervorbringt.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß solche im wesentlichen radiale Extrahierung der leichteren Fluidkomponente abstromseitig von der axialen Strömung des Feststoffs von solchen radialen Mitteln des Zurückhaltens der leichteren Komponente bewirkt wird.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß solche radial abgezogene leichtere Komponente zusammen mit einer vorgegebenen Menge von schwererer Fluidkomponente ausströmt.
  5. Zentrifugalextraktor für die Verarbeitung von öligen Pulpen, welcher umfaßt ein festes Gehäuse(1), eine Trommel (2), die frontal durch eine Wand (2b) geschlossen ist, welche mit Ausströmleitungen (6, 7, 8) versehen ist, welche im wesentlichen in der axialen Richtung der das zu trennende Produkt bildenden Fluidkomponenten strömen, und eine Schnecke (4), welche sich beide drehen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er umfaßt mindestens ein Gerät (11) zum Zurückhalten der leichteren Komponente des Produkts in einer Axialrichtung und mindestens ein Stück (12) zum Abziehen mindestens einer der Fluidkomponenten des zu trennenden Produkts in einer im wesentlichen radialen Richtung, zugeordnet zu Mitteln (101) zum Sammeln und Ausströmen solcher abgezogenen Fluidkomponente.
  6. Zentrifugalextraktor nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß solche Mittel (12) zum radialen Abziehen abstromseitig von den Mitteln (11) zur axialen Zurückhaltung angeordnet sind, ausgerichtet in der Fortschreitrichtung des Feststoffs.
  7. Zentrifugalextraktor nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß solche Mittel zum radialen Abziehen vorzugsweise gebildet sind aus rohrförmigen Stücken (12), die in einer im wesentlichen radialen Richtung in entsprechende Abdichtsitze (2d) der Drehtrommel (2) bis zu einem vorgewählten Abzugsniveau eingesetzt sind.
  8. Zentrifugalextraktor nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß solche Sammlermittel der in einer radialen Richtung abgezogenen Komponente gebildet sind aus einem Kollektor, bestehend aus einer mit dem feststehenden Gehäuse (1) integralen Umfangs-Doppeltrennwand (101), die zum Ausströmen von dieser mit einer Durchbruchöffnung (101a) versehen ist.
  9. Zentrifugalextraktor nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß solche rohrförmige Stücke vorzugsweise entsprechend Radialrichtungen angeordnet sind, und fähig sind zum Aufrechterhalten des dynamischen Ausgleichs des Separators während der Drehung.
  10. Zentrifugalextraktor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß derartige rohrförmige Stücke paarweise angeordnet sind, wobei jedes Flied des Paares diametral gegenüber dem anderen mit Bezug auf die Drehachse angeordnet ist.
  11. Zentrifugalextraktor nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß solches Gerät zum Zurückhalten der leichteren Fluidkomponente des zu trennenden Produkts in einer Längsrichtung vorzugsweise gebildet ist durch mindestens eine Scheibe (11) oder ein gleichartiges Gerät, die bzw. das integral mit der Schnecke (4) zwischen zwei Windungen derselben hergestellt ist, wobei ihr Profil koaxial zu den Windungen ist und dieselben überschneidet.
  12. Zentrifugalextraktor nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine derartige Scheibe (11) einen Außendurchmesser von größerer Länge besitzt als der Abstand von Löchern (8; 6) ist, welche zum Ausströmen der leichteren Fließkomponente in Axialrichtung mit Bezug auf die Rotationsachse des Zentrifugalextraktors dienen.
  13. Zentrifugalextraktor nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß solche Geräte (11) zum Zurückhalten des leichten Fluids mit der Anzahl von zwei Geräten vorhanden sind, die an einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten des radialen Abzugmittels (12) in einer axialen Richtung liegen, um den ringförmigen Abzugsabschnitt zu bestimmen.
  14. Zentrifugalextraktor nach Anzahl 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er Mittel (105, 105a) zum Zuführen von Wasser zu der Trommel umfaßt, welche konzentrisch zu dem Mittel des Zuführens der aufzutrennenden öligen Pulpen in einer axialen Richtung angeordnet sind.
  15. Zentrifugalextraktor nach Anzahl 5 und 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß solche Mittel zum Zuführen von Wasser aus radialen Düsen oder Löchern eines mit dem Pulpenzuführrohr koaxialen Rohres (105) zusammengesetzt sind.
EP95202424A 1994-09-29 1995-09-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur zentrifugalen Trennung von Öl erster und zweiter Pressung Expired - Lifetime EP0704248B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI941985 1994-09-29
ITMI941985A IT1270102B (it) 1994-09-29 1994-09-29 Procedimento per l'estrazione di olio di prima e seconda spremitura mediante separatore centrifugo orizzontale e relativo separatore
IT95MI001564 IT1275574B (it) 1995-07-20 1995-07-20 Procedimento per l'estrazione di olio di prima e seconda spremitura mediante estrattore centrifugo orizzontale e relativo estrattore
ITMI951564 1995-07-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0704248A1 EP0704248A1 (de) 1996-04-03
EP0704248B1 true EP0704248B1 (de) 1997-12-17

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EP95202424A Expired - Lifetime EP0704248B1 (de) 1994-09-29 1995-09-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur zentrifugalen Trennung von Öl erster und zweiter Pressung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0704248B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2091735T3 (de)
GR (1) GR3025834T3 (de)
TN (1) TNSN95096A1 (de)
TR (1) TR199501176A2 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4520419A1 (de) * 2023-09-07 2025-03-12 Instalacion Mantenimiento y Sistemas de Pesaje, S.L. Umfangswasserzufuhr für horizontale ölabscheidermaschinen

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0785029B1 (de) * 1996-01-18 2001-05-30 RAPANELLI FIORAVANTE S.p.A. Horizontale Zentrifuge für eine optimale Ölextraktion
IT1285052B1 (it) * 1996-10-18 1998-06-03 Gennaretti S P A Centrifuga orizzontale per l'estrazione di olio da un impasto oleoso
GR1004822B (el) * 1998-11-16 2005-02-23 Nuova M.A.I.P. Macchine Agricole Industriali Pieralisi S.P.A. Συσκευη για τη φυγοκεντρικη εκχυλιση υγρων συστατικων απο ελαιοφορα προιοντα και παρομοια, εφοδιασμενη με μεσα για την ακτινικη εκχυλιση του υγρου συστατικου με μεγαλυτερο ειδικο βαρος
ES2189564B1 (es) * 1998-11-16 2004-06-16 Nuova M.A.I.P. Macchine Agricole Industriali Pieralisi S.P.A. Aparato para la extraccion centrifuga, a partir de productos que producen aceite, tales como aceitunas y similares, de dos componentes liquidos, utilizacion del mismo y procedimiento para el secado y la separacion del aceite.
IT1311908B1 (it) * 1999-04-06 2002-03-20 Nuova Maip Macchine Agric Procedimento per l'ottenimento di olio da oleaginose e simili mediantecentrifugazione con separazione della componente solida in due parti
GR1004594B (el) * 2001-04-12 2004-06-10 Nuova M.A.I.P. Macchine Agricole Industriali Pieralisi S.P.A. Συσκευη για τη φυγοκεντρικη εκχυλιση υγρων συστατικων απο ζυμες / υπολειμματα ελαιουχων καρπων με κινηση του ελαφροτερου υγρου συστατικου κατα την αυτη φορα με εκεινη του στερεου υπολειμματος
DE10121434B4 (de) * 2001-05-03 2004-08-12 Westfalia Separator Ag Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge
TNSN04181A1 (en) * 2003-09-22 2007-03-12 Nuova M A I P -Macchine Agricole Ind Pieralisi S P A Method and plant for treating a residue resulting from a process for extracting oil from oil-containing produce.
ITMI20070345A1 (it) * 2007-02-22 2008-08-23 Nuova Maip Macchine Agricole Industriali Procedimento e apparecchiatura per la separazione e l'estrazione di differenti prodotti di paste di oleaginose e simili
CN102600992B (zh) * 2012-03-28 2013-11-06 湖南省三力士农机制造有限公司 卧式螺旋离心滤油机的油室
CN109999555A (zh) * 2019-05-16 2019-07-12 河南龙成煤高效技术应用有限公司 一种废水离心脱杂机

Family Cites Families (5)

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DE1967084A1 (de) * 1968-04-18 1977-04-21 Martini Mario De Zentrifuge
FR2054722A5 (en) * 1969-07-24 1971-05-07 Saget Pierre Centrifuge sepg two liquids and a solid
FR2449467A1 (fr) * 1979-02-23 1980-09-19 Saget Pierre Procede et appareil perfectionne le mettant en oeuvre pour la separation centrifuge d'au moins deux phases liquides d'un melange
DE3134935A1 (de) * 1980-09-09 1982-06-09 Alfa-Laval Separation A/S, 2860 Soeborg "mitstrom-dekanterzentrifuge"
GB8328894D0 (en) * 1983-10-28 1983-11-30 Broadbent & Sons Ltd Thomas Decanting type centrifuges

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4520419A1 (de) * 2023-09-07 2025-03-12 Instalacion Mantenimiento y Sistemas de Pesaje, S.L. Umfangswasserzufuhr für horizontale ölabscheidermaschinen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR3025834T3 (en) 1998-04-30
ES2091735T1 (es) 1996-11-16
EP0704248A1 (de) 1996-04-03
TR199501176A2 (tr) 1996-06-21
TNSN95096A1 (fr) 1996-02-06
ES2091735T3 (es) 1998-02-16

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