EP0716059B1 - Mélange générateur de gaz - Google Patents

Mélange générateur de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0716059B1
EP0716059B1 EP95116146A EP95116146A EP0716059B1 EP 0716059 B1 EP0716059 B1 EP 0716059B1 EP 95116146 A EP95116146 A EP 95116146A EP 95116146 A EP95116146 A EP 95116146A EP 0716059 B1 EP0716059 B1 EP 0716059B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
catalyst
mixture according
gzt
mixture
silicate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95116146A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0716059A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Martin Dr. Bucerius
Norbert Dr. Eisenreich
Helmut Schmid
Walter Dr. Engel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP0716059A1 publication Critical patent/EP0716059A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0716059B1 publication Critical patent/EP0716059B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas-generating mixture of a nitrogen-rich and low-carbon fuel from the group nitroguanidine (NIGU), triaminoguanidine nitrate (TAGN), diguanidinium 5,5'-azotetrazolate (GZT) and 3-nitro-1,2,3-triazol-5-one (NTO), catalysts, oxidizers and optionally coolants.
  • NIGU nitroguanidine
  • TAGN triaminoguanidine nitrate
  • GZT diguanidinium 5,5'-azotetrazolate
  • NTO 3-nitro-1,2,3-triazol-5-one
  • Gas-generating mixtures of the aforementioned type - including gas generator sets called - are characterized in that they have a high gas yield during combustion (> 14 mol / kg) enable. They are used for inflatable restraint (airbag) and rescue systems, fire extinguishing devices as well for insensitive solid fuels for rocket and Gun barrel drives used. Especially in civil Area become thermal-mechanical insensitivity and non-toxicity of the starting mixtures, but also missing Toxicity required for the resulting gases. Many systems in use meet this Claims not or only very inadequately.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing a gas-generating mixture which itself and its combustion products are non-toxic, in particular have a low CO and NO x pollutant gas content and which nevertheless have a high combustion rate at a low combustion temperature.
  • the oxidizer is copper diammine dinitrate Cu (NH 3 ) 2 (NO 3 ) 2 and the catalyst consists of a pyrophoric metal or such a metal alloy on a support.
  • the catalyst system consists of the active main component, for which a pyrophoric metal or a Alloy is used and a suitable carrier, which combines other properties.
  • the complex interrelationship of this system requires the terms “catalyst” and “carrier” more precisely to describe. Both terms are expanded into one Sinn used.
  • Catalyst in this Context denotes an active reaction component, that can be implemented and responsive and / or acts to accelerate the reaction.
  • the main component of the catalyst is the pyrophoric metal or the alloy used.
  • the carrier serves the main component with a large specific surface area and to provide a defined grain size distribution.
  • the carrier can also act as a promoter of Main components act.
  • the catalyst system and the oxidizer fulfill this thermo-mechanical stability requirements and are especially not hygroscopic, which is permanent Functionality and long service life guaranteed.
  • a preferred mixture consists of the fuel GZT and the oxidizer Cu (NH 3 ) 2 (NO 3 ) 2 with a balanced oxygen balance in a mass ratio of 21.6: 78.4.
  • the main component of the catalyst is preferably pyrophoric Ag with an average grain size of ⁇ 25 ⁇ m.
  • a layered silicate is preferred as the carrier material.
  • a coolant preferably Fe 2 O 3 , can also be added.
  • a mixture consisting of GZT and the oxidizer Cu (NH 3 ) 2 (NO 3 ) 2 in a mass ratio of 21.6: 78.4 is produced and up to 30% by mass of the Ag catalyst on a layered silicate support incorporated homogeneously.
  • Formulations of this type are characterized in terms of their ignition and combustion behavior with the help of experiments in the ballistic bomb.
  • a pressure / time diagram is determined for this.
  • the attached diagram shows that the reaction mixtures have good ignition and combustion properties.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Mélange générateur de gaz composé d'un combustible riche en azote et pauvre en carbone du groupe composé de nitroguanadine (NIGU), de nitrate de triaminoguanadine (TAGN), de diguanidinium-5,5'-azotétrazolate (GZT) et de 2-nitro-1,2,3-triazol-5-one (NTO), de catalyseurs, d'oxydants et le cas échéant, d'agents de refroidissement,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'oxydant est le diamminedinitrate de cuivre (Cu(NH3)2(NO3)2 et que le catalyseur consiste d'un métal pyrogène ou d'un tels alliage métallique sur un support.
  2. Mélange selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un silicate, en particulier un phyllosilicate ou un tectosilicate sert de support pour le catalyseur.
  3. Mélange selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    de l'Ag pyrophore sur un support de phyllosilicate ou de tectosilicate sert de catalyseur.
  4. Mélange selon une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le catalyseur présente un taille granulométrique moyenne inférieure à 25 µm.
  5. Mélange selon une des revendications 1 à 4, consistant d'un mélange de GZT, de Cu(NH3)2(NO3)2 à bilan d'oxygène équilibré et de jusqu'à 30 % massiques du catalyseur.
  6. Mélange selon la revendication 5 avec du GZT et du Cu(NH3)2(NO3)2 en un rapport de 21,6 : 78,4 % massiques.
  7. Mélange selon une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le réfrigérant consiste entièrement ou partiellement de Fe2O3.
EP95116146A 1994-11-26 1995-10-13 Mélange générateur de gaz Expired - Lifetime EP0716059B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4442170 1994-11-26
DE4442170A DE4442170C1 (de) 1994-11-26 1994-11-26 Gaserzeugende Mischung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0716059A1 EP0716059A1 (fr) 1996-06-12
EP0716059B1 true EP0716059B1 (fr) 1998-01-21

Family

ID=6534254

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95116146A Expired - Lifetime EP0716059B1 (fr) 1994-11-26 1995-10-13 Mélange générateur de gaz

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5677510A (fr)
EP (1) EP0716059B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE162508T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4442170C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2113148T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5725699A (en) 1994-01-19 1998-03-10 Thiokol Corporation Metal complexes for use as gas generants
US20050067074A1 (en) * 1994-01-19 2005-03-31 Hinshaw Jerald C. Metal complexes for use as gas generants
US6969435B1 (en) 1994-01-19 2005-11-29 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Metal complexes for use as gas generants
US5608183A (en) * 1996-03-15 1997-03-04 Morton International, Inc. Gas generant compositions containing amine nitrates plus basic copper (II) nitrate and/or cobalt(III) triammine trinitrate
WO1998006486A2 (fr) * 1996-07-25 1998-02-19 Cordant Technologies, Inc. Complexes metalliques destines a etre utilises en tant qu'agents generateurs de gaz
US5889161A (en) * 1998-05-13 1999-03-30 Sri International N,N'-azobis-nitroazoles and analogs thereof as igniter compounds for use in energetic compositions
US6132538A (en) * 1998-07-30 2000-10-17 Autoliv Development Ab High gas yield generant compositions
US6120626A (en) * 1998-10-23 2000-09-19 Autoliv Asp Inc. Dispensing fibrous cellulose material
US6176517B1 (en) 1998-10-23 2001-01-23 Autoliv Aspinc. Gas generating apparatus
US6334917B1 (en) 1998-10-23 2002-01-01 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Propellant compositions for gas generating apparatus
US6224697B1 (en) 1999-12-03 2001-05-01 Autoliv Development Ab Gas generant manufacture
US6372191B1 (en) 1999-12-03 2002-04-16 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Phase stabilized ammonium nitrate and method of making the same
US6436211B1 (en) 2000-07-18 2002-08-20 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Gas generant manufacture
US6872265B2 (en) 2003-01-30 2005-03-29 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate
KR101385348B1 (ko) * 2013-05-21 2014-04-21 주식회사 한화 연소속도와 연소가스량이 증가된 가스발생제

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2220891A (en) * 1939-08-09 1940-11-12 Du Pont Ammonium nitrate explosive composition
US3814694A (en) * 1971-08-09 1974-06-04 Aerojet General Co Non-toxic gas generation
DE3642850C1 (de) * 1986-12-16 1988-02-18 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur Herstellung von partikelfoermigem Ammoniumnitrat fuer feste Treib- oder Explosivstoffe
DE4108225C1 (fr) * 1991-03-14 1992-04-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung Ev, 8000 Muenchen, De
US5125684A (en) * 1991-10-15 1992-06-30 Hercules Incorporated Extrudable gas generating propellants, method and apparatus
US5160386A (en) * 1991-11-04 1992-11-03 Morton International, Inc. Gas generant formulations containing poly(nitrito) metal complexes as oxidants and method
US5516377A (en) * 1994-01-10 1996-05-14 Thiokol Corporation Gas generating compositions based on salts of 5-nitraminotetrazole
DE4401213C1 (de) * 1994-01-18 1995-03-02 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Gaserzeugende Mischung
DE4401214C1 (de) * 1994-01-18 1995-03-02 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Gaserzeugende Mischung
ES2393665T3 (es) * 1994-01-19 2012-12-27 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Complejos de metales como generadores de gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE162508T1 (de) 1998-02-15
ES2113148T3 (es) 1998-04-16
DE4442170C1 (de) 1995-12-21
US5677510A (en) 1997-10-14
EP0716059A1 (fr) 1996-06-12
DE59501328D1 (de) 1998-02-26

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