EP0716152A1 - Procédé de traitement thermique de pièces - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement thermique de pièces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0716152A1
EP0716152A1 EP95119203A EP95119203A EP0716152A1 EP 0716152 A1 EP0716152 A1 EP 0716152A1 EP 95119203 A EP95119203 A EP 95119203A EP 95119203 A EP95119203 A EP 95119203A EP 0716152 A1 EP0716152 A1 EP 0716152A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpieces
convection gas
workpiece
industrial furnace
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95119203A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Kühne
Dominik Dr. Schröder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schmitz and Apelt LOI Industrieofenanlagen GmbH
Original Assignee
Schmitz and Apelt LOI Industrieofenanlagen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schmitz and Apelt LOI Industrieofenanlagen GmbH filed Critical Schmitz and Apelt LOI Industrieofenanlagen GmbH
Publication of EP0716152A1 publication Critical patent/EP0716152A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/005—Furnaces in which the charge is moving up or down
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F27B2009/3607—Heaters located above the track of the charge
    • F27B2009/3615—Burner in the ceiling directed vertically downwards

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a generic method for the heat treatment of workpieces.
  • the invention further relates to an industrial furnace for carrying out the method.
  • the workpieces can be semi-finished or pre-material, such as.
  • B. press pin sections or finished products for the automotive industry such as axle beams, cylinder heads, wheels, steering knuckles or gearbox.
  • the workpieces which in most cases are thin-walled, are usually transported through the industrial furnace in baskets or other charging aids.
  • the workpieces are heated in the heating zone by convection, in which the furnace atmosphere is circulated, lengthways or crosswise in the furnace.
  • the furnace atmosphere is either heated directly using an open burner or indirectly using radiant tubes or electrical heating registers.
  • Alternative methods for coupling the heat via heat exchangers from parallel processes are also possible and have already been tried and tested.
  • the temperature of the circulated furnace atmosphere may only be approx. 20 ° C above the temperature of the workpieces to avoid thermal stress. Heating up the workpieces is therefore relatively time-consuming. For example, the heating of workpieces that are to be heat-treated between 530 and 580 ° C. takes between 90 and 180 minutes depending on the shape and shape of the workpiece, in particular depending on the wall thickness. Heating massive bolt sections requires maximum heating times. Differences in heating times are also due to the way the workpieces are packed in baskets. As a result, there are different quality results that are not reproducible.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a remedy here and to provide an economically usable possibility of increasing the quality of the results.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that the workpieces are transported individually or next to one another in rows through the industrial furnace and that each workpiece in the heating zone is supplied directly by at least one radiation source by thermal radiation and by at least one convection gas stream which surrounds the radiation source , is heated to the heat treatment temperature.
  • the radiation source is a burner or an electrically heated radiation element. Since the power of the radiation source and the convection gas flow can be controlled separately, it is possible to optimize the energy input into each workpiece precisely.
  • the workpieces are heated by means of high temperature differences, the heating temperature always being chosen so that there is no partial melting of the surface of the workpiece and that the heat treatment temperature is also defined with the highest possible gradients between the material to be treated and the furnace atmosphere.
  • This solution has the advantage that a significant increase in the quality of the workpieces and a better reproducibility of the results are achieved.
  • the operating costs are reduced by eliminating the charging aids, such as transport containers.
  • the convection gas flow is guided in a ring around the radiation source.
  • the convection gas flow can arise from recirculated exhaust gas and / or preferably preheated air.
  • a preferred development is that the ratio of heat radiation and convection gas flow is set depending on the difference between the actual temperature of the workpiece and the target heat treatment temperature, such that the convection gas flow is greater, the smaller the difference between Actual and target temperature of the workpiece.
  • the heating gradient is therefore large at the beginning of the heating zone. The smaller the distance between the actual temperature of the workpiece and the target temperature, the greater the proportion of the convection gas flow, so that the heating gradient is low at the end of the heating zone.
  • the temperature of the workpiece is preferably measured and the power of the burner flame and / or the size of the volume of the convection gas stream is regulated as a function of the measured value.
  • the regulation can be done programmatically with the help of a computer.
  • a special embodiment of the invention consists in that the temperature of the workpiece is measured at a reference point via contact elements.
  • the workpieces are convectively heated during transport through the holding zone and then individually cooled in a cooling basin. This ensures that there are always the same cooling gradients and thus the same quality results.
  • the invention also provides an industrial furnace for the heat treatment of workpieces, in particular cast aluminum parts, the industrial furnace having a heating and holding zone and a transport device for the workpieces.
  • the transport device is designed such that the workpieces can be transported individually or in rows next to one another.
  • At least one radiation source which is surrounded by an outlet opening for a convection gas stream, is arranged in the heating zone in such a way that the heat radiation and the convection gas stream act directly on each workpiece.
  • the radiation source is a burner or an electrically heated radiation element.
  • a plurality of radiation sources can preferably be arranged in groups in the heating zone.
  • the radiation sources can be arranged in the heating zone depending on the shape of the workpiece.
  • the radiation source can be arranged vertically so that the workpieces are heated from above. In the case of high parts, it is advantageous to heat the parts by means of a radiation source arranged on the side. There can also be two facing each other Radiation sources are used so that the workpiece is heated from two sides.
  • each zone can also have its own transport device.
  • the transport device can, for. B. be designed as a conveyor belt or conveyor chain.
  • the industrial furnace is also characterized by a control device that program-controlled controls the output of each burner and each convection gas flow depending on the temperature of the workpieces.
  • the transport device is deflected in the holding zone in such a way that the workpieces pass through the holding zone essentially horizontally, the workpieces being heated by means of a directed convection gas flow.
  • This results in a considerable reduction in the overall length, which saves space.
  • the directional convection gas flows achieve an even temperature distribution.
  • the downsizing of the furnace system results in energy savings due to the reduction in surface losses. Further energy is saved due to the individual part treatment in the holding zone.
  • the holding time can be shortened because tolerance and safety surcharges can be dispensed with.
  • the industrial furnace has a tunnel-like heating zone 1 and a holding zone 2.
  • the workpieces 3 are transported individually or in rows next to one another by means of a conveyor belt 4.
  • the workpieces 3 are fixed on the conveyor belt 4 in a manner not shown.
  • a plurality of radiation sources in the form of burners 5 are arranged in the heating zone 1 in such a way that the flames heat each workpiece directly from above.
  • the workpiece 3 shows another arrangement of the burners in the heating zone in a sectional view over time.
  • the workpiece 3 is heated by laterally attached burners, the arrangement of which is adapted to the shape of the workpiece.
  • each burner is concentrically surrounded by an annular outlet opening 6 for a convection gas flow.
  • the convection gas is circulated.
  • the recirculation of the convection gas flow varies between 0 and 100%.
  • the burner output is high and the convection gas volume is low.
  • the convection gas volume is large and the burner output is low.
  • the temperature of the workpieces is measured via a contact element (not shown) at a reference point of the workpiece.
  • the heating power of the burner and the volume of the convection gas flow are controlled, with the aid of a program control, not shown.
  • the workpieces After the workpieces have been heated to the target temperature in 10 to 45 minutes, the workpieces are transferred from the heating zone to holding zone 2. During transport through the holding zone 2, the temperature differences in the workpiece resulting from empty losses in the heating zone 1 are compensated for by convective heating.
  • a fan 7 in conjunction with baffles 8 ensures a downward flow of the convection gas heated by the heating devices 9.
  • the baffles 8 cause a partial reversal of the direction of flow of the convection gas, so that a uniform temperature distribution in the holding zone is supported.
  • the holding zone is designed as a so-called paternoster oven. This results in a considerable reduction in the overall length, which saves space.
  • the downsizing of the furnace system results in energy savings due to the reduction in surface losses.
  • the holding time can be shortened because tolerance and safety surcharges can be dispensed with.
  • the workpieces After passing through the holding zone 2, the workpieces are individually cooled in a cooling basin 7. This ensures that there are always the same cooling gradients and thus the same quality results.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
EP95119203A 1994-12-08 1995-12-06 Procédé de traitement thermique de pièces Withdrawn EP0716152A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4443692 1994-12-08
DE4443692 1994-12-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0716152A1 true EP0716152A1 (fr) 1996-06-12

Family

ID=6535264

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95119203A Withdrawn EP0716152A1 (fr) 1994-12-08 1995-12-06 Procédé de traitement thermique de pièces

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0716152A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19545391A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008121671A3 (fr) * 2007-03-29 2008-12-18 Cons Eng Co Inc Système de traitement thermique vertical
US8663547B2 (en) 2004-10-29 2014-03-04 Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. High pressure heat treatment system
CN105021031A (zh) * 2015-02-09 2015-11-04 志圣科技（广州）有限公司 垂直输送式隧道烤箱

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19943354C1 (de) * 1999-09-10 2001-05-23 Carl Kramer Vorrichtung zur gleichmäßigen Schnellerwärmung von Pressbolzen oder Stangen, insbesondere aus Leichtmetalllegierungen
DE10043562C2 (de) * 1999-09-16 2003-09-18 Honsel Profilprodukte Gmbh Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von Strangpreßprofilen
DE10016187C2 (de) * 2000-03-31 2002-05-08 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von Gußteilen aus Aluminium,insbesondere von Zylinderköpfen
AT409670B (de) * 2001-01-15 2002-10-25 Hertwich Engineering Gmbh Hubbalkenförderer für einen durchlaufofen zum erwärmen von aluminiumbarren

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2148562C (de) * 1971-09-29 1972-12-28 Aeg-Elotherm Gmbh, 5630 Remscheid Paternosterofen
DE2655388A1 (de) * 1976-12-07 1978-06-08 Thermo Electron Corp Verfahren zum erhitzen eines flachen bandmaterials und dafuer geeignete vorrichtung
FR2457326A1 (fr) * 1979-05-21 1980-12-19 Holcroft & Co Four pour recuit blanc du cuivre et de ses alliages
US4354827A (en) * 1981-04-17 1982-10-19 Midland-Ross Corporation Process and device for improving heat exchange in furnaces heated by radiant heaters
EP0179050A2 (fr) * 1984-10-19 1986-04-23 Günther Dipl.-Ing. Hertwich Four pour le traitement thermique de barres d'un métal léger
EP0538709A1 (fr) * 1991-10-15 1993-04-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Système de chauffage par rayonnement lumineux

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2148562C (de) * 1971-09-29 1972-12-28 Aeg-Elotherm Gmbh, 5630 Remscheid Paternosterofen
DE2655388A1 (de) * 1976-12-07 1978-06-08 Thermo Electron Corp Verfahren zum erhitzen eines flachen bandmaterials und dafuer geeignete vorrichtung
FR2457326A1 (fr) * 1979-05-21 1980-12-19 Holcroft & Co Four pour recuit blanc du cuivre et de ses alliages
US4354827A (en) * 1981-04-17 1982-10-19 Midland-Ross Corporation Process and device for improving heat exchange in furnaces heated by radiant heaters
EP0179050A2 (fr) * 1984-10-19 1986-04-23 Günther Dipl.-Ing. Hertwich Four pour le traitement thermique de barres d'un métal léger
EP0538709A1 (fr) * 1991-10-15 1993-04-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Système de chauffage par rayonnement lumineux

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8663547B2 (en) 2004-10-29 2014-03-04 Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. High pressure heat treatment system
WO2008121671A3 (fr) * 2007-03-29 2008-12-18 Cons Eng Co Inc Système de traitement thermique vertical
EP2489452A3 (fr) * 2007-03-29 2013-05-01 Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. Système et procédé de fabrication et de traitement thermique pour des pièces en métal coulées
US20150343531A1 (en) * 2007-03-29 2015-12-03 Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. Vertical heat treatment system
CN101678450B (zh) * 2007-03-29 2016-03-09 联合工程公司 竖直热处理系统
CN105021031A (zh) * 2015-02-09 2015-11-04 志圣科技（广州）有限公司 垂直输送式隧道烤箱

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19545391A1 (de) 1996-06-13

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