EP0729882B1 - Festlegungs- und Umfüllungssystem - Google Patents

Festlegungs- und Umfüllungssystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0729882B1
EP0729882B1 EP19960301381 EP96301381A EP0729882B1 EP 0729882 B1 EP0729882 B1 EP 0729882B1 EP 19960301381 EP19960301381 EP 19960301381 EP 96301381 A EP96301381 A EP 96301381A EP 0729882 B1 EP0729882 B1 EP 0729882B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mooring
flowline
vessel
tanker
riser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19960301381
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0729882A1 (de
Inventor
Ian Victoria Oilfield Dev. Williams (Uk) Lim.
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VICTORIA OILFIELD DEVELOPMENT LIMITED
Original Assignee
Victoria Oilfield Development Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Victoria Oilfield Development Ltd filed Critical Victoria Oilfield Development Ltd
Publication of EP0729882A1 publication Critical patent/EP0729882A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0729882B1 publication Critical patent/EP0729882B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B63B22/02—Buoys specially adapted for mooring a vessel
    • B63B22/021—Buoys specially adapted for mooring a vessel and for transferring fluids, e.g. liquids

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a mooring and flowline system for use in floating facilities for handling petroleum and petroleum products.
  • the system is particularly, but not exclusively, applicable to the mooring and loading of floating export storage in production wells or wells undergoing extended well testing.
  • Tanker conversions used hitherto have required extensive conversion.
  • a turret mooring which includes a rotary oil flowline joint, and this requires major structural work on the tanker in addition to the complex mooring turret.
  • a flexible riser to the tanker has been used but has required large quick connect-disconnect (QCDC) valves with a physical size and weight requiring installation outboard of the tanker bow on a specially installed and relatively large structure.
  • QCDC quick connect-disconnect
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved mooring and flowline system which is simple and economical to install. It is also an object of the invention to provide a system which enables conventional tankers to be used as floating storage with a minimum of structural alteration.
  • the present invention provides a mooring and flowline system comprising:
  • the flowline riser is suitably held clear of the anchor risers and node member by providing a portion of the flowline riser with flotation and by tethering the same portion to restrict sideways movement.
  • the node member may be a plain ring, shackle or plate.
  • the mooring pendant may comprise two parallel chains, one passing over each bow of the vessel.
  • the vessel is a tanker.
  • the parallel chains are brought inboard of the tanker to standard chain stoppers or to remotely controlled release stoppers, the flexible riser flowline is brought inboard of the tanker over a chute to have its inboard end lying along the tanker deck, and quick connect/disconnect valve means are located on the tanker deck between said flowline riser inboard end and a tank manifold of the tanker.
  • a floating storage tanker 10 is anchored to the sea bed 12 by means of a three-leg anchor system comprising anchors 14a, 14b, 14c connected by risers 16a, 16b, 16c to a node 18, from which a mooring pendant 20 is secured to the tanker 10.
  • the mooring is in the vicinity of a floating production platform (FPF) (not seen in the drawings) from which oil is transferred via a flowline.
  • FPF floating production platform
  • the flowline comprises a seabed portion 22 and a flexible riser 24.
  • the riser 24 has a mid portion which is provided with flotation collars 26 and is restrained by a tether 28 secured to a clump weight 30.
  • the mooring is set such that a 120° angle may be presented towards the FPF with the flowline approaching along the bisector of this angle. This geometry, together with the flotation of the collars 26 and the restraint by the tether 28 maintains the riser 24 clear of conflict with the mooring node 18.
  • the upper part of the riser 24 is secured along the mooring pendant 20 by spaced double collars 32 and then taken aboard the tanker 10 via a chute assembly indicated at 34.
  • Fig. 4 shows in more detail one suitable arrangement of the double collars 32.
  • Each of the double collars 32 comprises a pair of pipe sections 321 joined by a rigid web 322 and having flared entry and exit sections 323, and may suitably be cast or fabricated in steel.
  • the collars 32 can be spaced along the mooring pendant 20 and riser 24 by being hung on spacer chains 324.
  • the anchors 14 may be any suitable form of conventional mooring anchor.
  • Each of the anchor risers 16 has at least its on-bottom length constituted by chain. For water depths up to about 75 metres, the chain can be continuous to the node 18.
  • wire In greater water depths up to about 150 metres, it is preferred to have the on-bottom section of chain but the catenary section of wire.
  • the use of wire has several advantages. Principally, it reduces the weight which has to be lifted when the tanker is connecting to the system, as is discussed more fully below. It also makes the departure angle of the riser 16 from the node 18 nearer the horizontal, which increases the horizontal stability of the system, and simplifies stowage on the vessel used to deploy the system. Where wire is used for the catenary section, it is desirable to have the final 30 metres or so nearest the node 18 of chain, to reduce the risk of kinking of the wire.
  • the wire may be replaced by synthetic fibre rope, for the same reasons.
  • the node 18 may take any suitable form which connects together the three risers 16 and the pendant 20 with adequate mechanical strength.
  • a suitably sized master ring may be used, or a triangular plate arrangement, together with conventional shackles. No swivel is incorporated in the node 18.
  • node is shown in Fig. 5 in the form of a double ring 181, 182.
  • the three risers 16 are connected by shackles 183 to the ring 181, and the pendant 20 is connected by a shackle 184 to the ring 182.
  • buoyancy may be incorporated in the node 18 or in the anchor risers 16 adjacent the node 18.
  • the tanker 10 is a segregated ballast tanker of 600,000 to 700,000 bbl capacity and the mooring is designed to hold the node 18 at a depth of 20 to 30 metres, and thus up to about 15 metres beneath the tanker hull.
  • the mooring pendant 22 will require to be of the order of 40 to 50 metres in length.
  • the preferred form for the mooring pendant 22 comprises a single large-size chain 36 extending from the node 18 and connected to a pair of chafe chains 38.
  • the chains 38 For the same order of size of the tanker 10, it is suitable to have the chains 38 of 76 mm size, which will fit the standard OCIMF recommended tongue-type bow stoppers fitted to most tankers of this size. This arrangement simplifies the node design and minimises modification to the tanker.
  • FIGs. 6 and 7 there is shown a suitable tanker bow installation which requires a minimum of modification from standard shipping practice.
  • Each of the chains 38 is held by a tongue-type bow stopper 40 raised above the foc'sle deck 42 on a seating 44.
  • the incoming chain 38 passes through a fairlead 46 in the bow bulwark 48 aligned with the bow stopper 44, and the inboard end of the chain is passed to a winch windlass via a pedestal fairlead 50.
  • the chute 34 is simple structure providing an arcuate guide on two axes for the flexible riser 24. It is not necessary to have any guidance for the riser 24 below bulwark level, since the riser will be spaced away from the remainder of the vessel's hull by the considerable flare of the foc'sle bulwarks in relation to the lower part of the hull.
  • Fig. 7 also indicates the position on the foc'sle deck of valve gear generally designated at 52.
  • the valve gear 52 is shown in more detail in Fig. 9, in which it will be seen that the flexible riser 25 is connected to a deck line 54 via a spool piece 56, a manually operated ball valve 58, a breakaway coupling 60, first and second hydraulically operated ball valves 62 and 64 between which is located a hydraulically operated emergency release collar 66, and an emergency shutdown valve 68.
  • the breakaway coupling 60 is suitably a Gall-Thomson coupling which has bolts which shear at a predetermined axial load, the chute 34 ensuring that the load on the coupling is always axial.
  • the Gall-Thomson coupling also includes a double-acting disc valve which seals both sides of the coupling as the unit breaks apart.
  • the manually operated ball valve 58 would be used to close the connection in normal disconnection routines.
  • the hydraulically activated release system comprising the components 62, 64, 66 can be operated remotely, for example, from the bridge of the vessel, where it is decided to make an emergency disconnection of the tanker.
  • the emergency shutdown valve 68 is included to provide shutdown of flow without disconnection and would normally be part of the tanker's equipment even if not located close to the release system.
  • the deck line 54 is most conveniently connected with the vessel tankage via the normal midships tank manifold, and thus the deck line 54 must extend from the bow area to the midships of the vessel.
  • the line 54 can be provided in the form of steel tubing fixed to the conventional tube racking, or as a further length of hose of the same nature as the riser 24.
  • the riser 24 must be a flexible hose with sufficient dynamic properties to accept movement of the ship's bow and movement of the touchdown point at the bottom of the catenary.
  • a suitable hose is a fully bonded rubber hose, preferably "Manuli” hose of 6" or 8" size by Manuli Rubber Industries of Ascoli Piceno, Italy.
  • the mooring arrangement of the present invention does not include a fluid swivel. There will therefore be a restriction on the number of turns the vessel can make, since turning full circle will effectively twist the fluid riser and the chafe chains round each other. Contrary to previous practice, the present inventors believe that this is not a real restriction in a floating production situation. It is believed that the weather patterns actually found in practice may make a vessel do complete turns, but there would be more than sufficient lighter weather periods when the vessel could be pulled back around to take a turn out.
  • the embodiment described, using "Manuli" hose is capable of at least one and one-half turns, and up to three turns, without adversely affecting mechanical integrity and safety.
  • the mooring system of the present invention allows a large tug to be dispensed with as the standby vessel, since the mooring system provides a redundant system in the event of a blackout, and the other roles could be filled by a much smaller vessel such as an AHTS (Anchor Handling/Tug/Supply) vessel.
  • AHTS Anchor Handling/Tug/Supply
  • each anchor would be laid using DGPS to a 10 metre tolerance. This has been achieved in depths in excess of 500 metres so is not anticipated a problem in any depth of less than 150 metres, even without European DGPS accuracy.
  • each anchor is laid in turn, the cables run back to a common point; each cable as it is laid is buoyed off on a pendant wire. Insurance tensioning of the system can be done using the bollard pull of the tug.
  • the anchor handler recovers all three cables over the stern roller. This requires a fairly large anchor handler with a winch of at least 250 tonne pull, and a bollard pull of about 150 tonnes. These are readily available in most areas of the world on the spot market.
  • the node point is assembled and deployed over the side, lowering the node point to the seabed using the chafe chains, then their pendant wires, and finally polyprop rope. The main polyprop would then be buoyed off, a messenger attached and a marker buoy at the end of that.
  • the support vessel When the tanker is coming on to location, the support vessel recovers the messenger, and passes it across to the tanker using a compressed air rocket gun. The tanker pulls in on the messengers, then the polyprop ropes, then the pendant wires, and starts to heave in the chafe chains, securing them in the bow stoppers.
  • the windlasses to be used for this will require to be in good condition, and both to be operating at once. But the typical 40 tonne pull of ships' windlasses should be more than sufficient for this application, as the node point is only being brought to about 25 or 30 metres below the surface, and hence 10 to 15 metres below the ship's hull.
  • Recovery of the system would be by chasing each of the anchor legs back to the anchor and lifting from that point; or alternatively to disconnect at the node point and heave in on the AHTS, working back to the anchor and lifting it up on deck.
  • the present invention provides a mooring and flowline system which is of a surprisingly simplified nature in comparison with conventional systems for similar purposes and which uses simple, conventional, and readily available components in the novel manner.
  • the application is equally applicable to other situations involving a mooring and a flowline, for example for mooring a floating production vessel and exporting its production via the flowline to some other facility.
  • the system may also be used in supplying fuel products, for example to position a product tanker to supply fuel by flowline to a location ashore.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Ein Muring- und Rohrleitungssystem, das aus folgendem besteht:
    Mitteln (16a, 16b) zum Vertäuen eines schwimmenden Lager- (10) und/oder Förderschiffes an dem Meeresboden (12)und einer Rohrleitung (24) zur Verbindung mit einer Förderbohrung oder einer Förderanlage;
    wobei die Muringmittel (16a, 16b) aus zumindest zwei Ankern (14a, 14b) im Meeresboden bestehen, wobei sich jeweils ein Anker-Riser von den Ankern erstreckt, wobei jeweils ein Ende des Anker-Risers an dem Anker (14a, 14b) und das andere Ende an einem gemeinsamen Muringknoten (18) befestigt ist und sich bei Gebrauch Muringhänger (20) von dem Knoten zur Verbindung mit dem Schiff (10) erstrecken;
    wobei die Rohrleitung (24) eine Meeresboden-Rohrleitung (22), die sich von dem Bohrloch oder der Anlage in die Nähe der Muringmittel erstreckt, und eine biegsame Riser-Rohrleitung (24), die sich von der Meeresboden-Rohrleitung (22) zu dem Schiff erstreckt, beinhaltet;
    und wobei die biegsame Riser-Rohrleitung (24) ein ununterbrochenes Rohr ohne drehbare Verbindungsstücke ist und ein Teil deren Länge zumindest an einem Teil des Muringhängers befestigt ist.
  2. System gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei zumindest drei Anker winkelförmig angeordnet sind.
  3. System gemäß Anspruch 2, wobei drei Anker mit einem Abstand von jeweils 120° angeordnet sind.
  4. System gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Riser-Rohrleitung eine völlig gebundene verstärkte Gummikonstruktion ist.
  5. System gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei ein Teil der Riser-Rohrleitung mit Schwimmitteln ausgestattet ist und ein Halteseil den Teil mit dem Meeresboden verbindet.
  6. System gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei es zwischen den Ankern und dem Schiff keine Schwenkbewegung gibt.
  7. System gemäß Anspruch 6, wobei der Knoten aus einer Platte oder einem oder mehreren einfachen Ringen oder Verbindungsgliedern besteht.
  8. System gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Muringhänger zwei parallele Ketten umfaßt, die jeweils über einen Bug des Schiffes gehen.
  9. System gemäß Anspruch 8, wobei das Schiff ein Tanker ist.
  10. System gemäß Anspruch 9, wobei die parallelen Ketten zu normalen Kettenstoppern oder ferngesteuerten Stopperlösevorrichtungen an die Innenbordseite des Tankers gebracht werden.
  11. System gemäß Anspruch 10 wobei die biegsame Riser-Rohrleitung über eine Rutsche an die Innenbordseite des Tankers gebracht wird, damit ihr Innenbordende entlang dem Tankerdeck liegt, und Schnellverbindungs-/trennventile sich auf dem Tankerdeck zwischen dem Innenbordende der Riser-Rohrleitung und einem Tankverteiler des Tankers befinden.
  12. System gemäß Anspruch 11, wobei die Ventile eine ausheilende Abreißverbindung enthalten.
  13. Ein Schiff (10) zur Verwendung in dem System gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei das Schiff Stopper (40) zum lösbaren Befestigen eines Muringhängers (38), Führungsklampen (46), um den Muringhänger (38) von der Außenbordseite entgegenzunehmen und ihn zu dem Stopper (40) zu führen, ein Petroleumrohr, das in den Schnellverbindungs-/trennventilen (52) endet, und eine Rutsche (34), um einen biegsamen Riser-Schlauch (24), der bei Gebrauch zwischen den Ventilen (52) und einem außenbords von der Führungsklampe (46) befindlichen Muringhänger (38) angebracht ist, entgegenzunehmen und zu führen, beinhaltet.
  14. Schiff gemäß Anspruch 13, wobei das Schiff ein Tankerschiff ist, bei dem die Rutsche und die Ventile auf der Back des Schiffs positioniert sind, und bei dem die Führungsklampe aus Backbord- und Steuerbordführungsklampen für einen doppelten Kettenhänger besteht und der Stopper ein Paar zungenartiger Stopper beinhaltet.
EP19960301381 1995-03-03 1996-03-01 Festlegungs- und Umfüllungssystem Expired - Lifetime EP0729882B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9504276A GB2296904B (en) 1995-03-03 1995-03-03 Mooring and Flowline System
GB9504276 1995-03-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0729882A1 EP0729882A1 (de) 1996-09-04
EP0729882B1 true EP0729882B1 (de) 1999-12-22

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19960301381 Expired - Lifetime EP0729882B1 (de) 1995-03-03 1996-03-01 Festlegungs- und Umfüllungssystem

Country Status (6)

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EP (1) EP0729882B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69605696D1 (de)
DK (1) DK0729882T3 (de)
GB (1) GB2296904B (de)
GR (1) GR3033043T3 (de)
NO (1) NO313453B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO303741B1 (no) * 1996-03-28 1998-08-24 Alcatel Kabel Norge As Anordning og fremgangsmöte for forankring av et stigeraar eller lignende
GB2330157B (en) * 1997-10-07 2001-11-07 Bluewater Terminal Systems Nv Riser system for connecting a seabed installation with a floating vessel
GB2336143B (en) * 1998-03-04 2002-03-13 Victoria Oilfield Dev Mooring system
US6200180B1 (en) 1998-09-01 2001-03-13 Nortrans Offshore (S) Pte Ltd Mooring system for tanker vessels
GB0002703D0 (en) * 2000-02-08 2000-03-29 Victoria Oilfield Dev Limited Mooring and flowline system
GB2387188B (en) * 2002-04-04 2005-06-01 Bluewater Terminal Systems Nv Apparatus for attaching a fluid conduit to a structure
GB0421795D0 (en) 2004-10-01 2004-11-03 Baross John S Full weathervaning bow mooring and riser inboarding assembly
US7793723B2 (en) 2006-01-19 2010-09-14 Single Buoy Moorings, Inc. Submerged loading system
GB201114291D0 (en) 2011-08-19 2011-10-05 Axis ltd Mooring system
CN103738477B (zh) * 2014-01-26 2017-02-08 中国海洋石油总公司 系泊锚腿上锚缆的更换方法
NO341536B1 (en) * 2016-02-23 2017-12-04 Can Systems As A marine riser and method for installation
CN106089108B (zh) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-09 西南石油大学 一种引流喷射破坏绕流边界层的涡激振动抑制装置及方法

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3466680A (en) * 1967-07-14 1969-09-16 Air Logistics Corp Apparatus for loading and unloading offshore vessels
GB1404775A (en) * 1971-10-06 1975-09-03 Exxon Production Research Co Articulated riser
NL7206986A (de) * 1972-05-24 1973-11-27
FR2219053B3 (de) * 1973-02-23 1976-02-20 Cg Doris Fr
US3863590A (en) * 1974-01-14 1975-02-04 Imodco Automatic mooring system
FR2534545A1 (fr) * 1982-10-18 1984-04-20 Loire Rene Dispositif simplifie unique d'amarrage et de chargement ou de dechargement de navires-citernes, a partir d'une conduite sous-marine d'alimentation ou d'evacuation en fluide, et procede de mise en place de la conduite sous-marine et du dispositif simplifie d'amarrage
US4645467A (en) * 1984-04-24 1987-02-24 Amtel, Inc. Detachable mooring and cargo transfer system
EP0407662B2 (de) * 1989-07-14 1999-06-23 Single Buoy Moorings Inc. Gerät zum Positionieren einer Boje

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2296904B (en) 1996-12-18
GB9504276D0 (en) 1995-04-19
GB2296904A8 (en) 1996-07-21
GB2296904A (en) 1996-07-17
NO960847L (no) 1996-09-04
EP0729882A1 (de) 1996-09-04
DK0729882T3 (da) 2000-06-13
DE69605696D1 (de) 2000-01-27
NO960847D0 (no) 1996-03-01
NO313453B1 (no) 2002-10-07
GB2296904A9 (en) 1996-07-21
GR3033043T3 (en) 2000-08-31

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