EP0731482A2 - Disjoncteur - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0731482A2
EP0731482A2 EP96810091A EP96810091A EP0731482A2 EP 0731482 A2 EP0731482 A2 EP 0731482A2 EP 96810091 A EP96810091 A EP 96810091A EP 96810091 A EP96810091 A EP 96810091A EP 0731482 A2 EP0731482 A2 EP 0731482A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
short
blow
pressure
volume
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96810091A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0731482A3 (fr
Inventor
Ion Gavrilita
Kurt Dr. Kaltenegger
Ferdinand Platter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB AG Germany
Original Assignee
ABB Management AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Management AG filed Critical ABB Management AG
Publication of EP0731482A2 publication Critical patent/EP0731482A2/fr
Publication of EP0731482A3 publication Critical patent/EP0731482A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0066—Auxiliary contact devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
    • H01H33/982—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow in which the pressure-generating arc is rotated by a magnetic field

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a circuit breaker is known from US Pat. No. 2,333,598, which uses compressed air as an insulating medium and as a switching gas.
  • This circuit breaker has an arcing chamber which is provided with a blow coil which is activated when it is switched off and which then applies an axial magnetic field to the cylindrical arc zone in a known manner.
  • This magnetic field causes the arc to rotate.
  • the rotating arc heats the gas in the arc zone so that an increase in pressure occurs in this area, the pressure-applied gas thus obtained is stored in a blowing volume.
  • the blowing volume is designed so large that it can absorb the highest possible pressures with this circuit breaker and store it until the arc blowing begins.
  • the invention solves the problem of creating a circuit breaker in which an excessive increase in pressure in the blowing volume is avoided with simple means.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention can essentially be seen in the fact that the wall of the blowing volume is mechanically overloaded with a high degree of certainty.
  • the volume of the blowing volume can thus be selected to be optimally small, and with it the dimensions of the arcing chamber can also be advantageously kept small, so that an advantageously space-saving and inexpensive circuit breaker can be created.
  • the limitation of the pressure rise means that the gas temperature is also limited upwards, thereby avoiding that the density of the pressurized gas is reduced inadmissibly. If an optimal pressure rise is set, the extinguishing capacity of the circuit breaker is advantageously increased.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first, greatly simplified partial section through a first circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • This circuit breaker has a quenching chamber 1 filled with an insulating medium movable contact piece 2 and a fixed contact piece 3, which are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner by a sliding contact arrangement 4 in the switched-on state.
  • SF 6 gas is very often used as the insulating medium.
  • Both the movable contact piece 2 and the fixed contact piece 3 can have central bores.
  • the sliding contact arrangement 4 is indicated here, for example, by contact fingers, which are held together by a holder, not shown, to form a type of contact tulip.
  • the movable contact piece 2, the sliding contact arrangement 4 and the fixed contact piece 3 together form the power current path of the quenching chamber 1.
  • the power current path extends along an axis 5, which at the same time is the axis of the quenching chamber 1, which is generally cylindrical.
  • the quenching chamber 1 which is filled with an electrically insulating medium under pressure, such as SF 6 gas, the housing enclosing it and also the drive moving the contact piece 2 are not shown.
  • the movable contact piece 2 penetrates an electrically conductive race 6, which surrounds it concentrically.
  • the race 6 is positioned by an electrically insulating holder 7.
  • the race 6, the electrically insulating holder 7 and a wall 8 indicated only by a line enclose a blowing volume 9 concentrically surrounding the movable contact piece 2.
  • the piston 13 is guided by elements not shown, and an effective stroke limitation is also provided, so that the piston 13 cannot be moved too far in the direction of the blowing volume 9.
  • the piston 13 is with a piston rod 14 which is provided for the actuation of a schematically illustrated auxiliary switch 15.
  • the auxiliary switch 15 is shown as a closer, the contact bridge 16 of which can be moved in the closing direction by the piston 13 with the piston rod 14.
  • the auxiliary switch 15 has two contacts 17, 18, which are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner by the contact bridge 16 in the closed state.
  • the race 6 is connected by means of an electrically conductive connection 20 to a first turn 21 of a blow coil 22, for example a single-layer design. Only the cross sections of the individual windings of the blow coil 22 are shown here, the insulation of the windings and their bracing required because of the high dynamic current forces are not shown.
  • the blow coil 22 can be made in one or more layers.
  • the other end of the blow coil 22 is electrically conductively connected to the fixed contact piece 3.
  • the first turn 21 is also connected to the contact 18 of the auxiliary switch 15.
  • the contact 17 of the auxiliary switch 15 is connected to the fixed contact piece 3 by an electrically conductive connecting line 23.
  • a plurality of piston-cylinder arrangements 11 and correspondingly assigned auxiliary switches 15 together with the associated electrically conductive connections can be provided in the arcing chamber 1.
  • connection 24 which is provided with a sliding contact 25
  • current flows, as indicated by an arrow 26, into the movable contact piece 2 of the power current path.
  • the current continues to flow through the sliding contact arrangement 4 and the fixed contact piece 3 to a further connection 27, where the current, as indicated by a further arrow 28, the quenching chamber 1 leaves.
  • the blow coil 22 is not supplied with a current.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second, greatly simplified partial section through the first circuit breaker according to the invention, in whose quenching chamber 1 the contact piece 2 which is movable in the direction of an arrow 29 has just moved out of the sliding contact arrangement 4.
  • an initially comparatively short arc 30 was drawn, the one base point of which initially burned briefly on the sliding contact arrangement 4 commutated very quickly onto the race 6.
  • the other base point of the arc 30 burns on the movable contact piece 2.
  • current no longer flows through the sliding contact arrangement 4.
  • the current now flows from the movable contact piece 2 through the arc 30 into the race 6 and from there through the connection 20, the blow coil 22 and an electrically conductive connection 31 into the fixed contact piece 3.
  • FIG. 3 shows a third, greatly simplified partial section through the first circuit breaker according to the invention, in whose quenching chamber 1 the movable contact piece 2 is in the switch-off position while the arc 30 is still burning.
  • the arc 30 has in the meantime generated such a high gas pressure in the blow volume 9 that the pistons 13 of the piston-cylinder arrangements 11 are moved outward from the blow volume 9 against the force of the springs 19. If the for the piston-cylinder arrangements 11 predetermined maximum response pressure is reached, the contact bridges 16 connected to the pistons 13 close the auxiliary switches 15. With this closing, the blow coil 22 is short-circuited, so that no more current flows through it and the connection 31, which also means that until this moment, the axial magnetic field acting on the arc 30 is switched off. The current now flows through the closed auxiliary switch 15 and the connecting line 23 directly to the fixed contact piece 3, as indicated by an arrow 33.
  • FIG. 4 shows a greatly simplified partial section through a second circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • the position of the movable contact piece 2 corresponds to the position shown in Fig.2.
  • the blow coil 22 has a tap 34 which is connected to the contact 18 of the auxiliary switch 15 via an electrically conductive connection 35.
  • the direct connection between the first turn 21 of the blow coil 22 and the contact 18 is omitted in this embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 shows a greatly simplified partial section through a third circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • the position of the movable contact piece 2 corresponds to the position shown in Figure 3.
  • the structure of the power circuit, the blow volume 9, the race 6 and the blow coil 22 corresponds in this embodiment to the structure of the first circuit breaker variants.
  • the auxiliary switch 15 is here provided with a magnetic release 36.
  • the blow volume 9 is also provided with a pressure sensor 37.
  • the pressure sensor 37 works together with an evaluation unit 38 which monitors the signal delivered by the pressure sensor 37. When the evaluation unit 38 determines that a predetermined maximum pressure in the blow volume 9 has been exceeded, it generates a trigger signal which is amplified in an output amplifier of the evaluation unit 38.
  • This amplified trigger signal then passes through a control line 39 into the magnetic release 36, excites it and the auxiliary switch 15 closes and thus short-circuits the blow coil 22.
  • Another control line 40 also leads into the magnetic release 36.
  • the control line 40 is connected to a higher-level system control system, so that the auxiliary switch 15 can also be actuated independently of the pressure in the blow volume 9 if this should be necessary.
  • circuit breaker In addition to the design variants described, a large number of other circuit breaker designs are also possible. It is also possible, in particular, if a circuit breaker has to interrupt predominantly comparatively small currents, to couple the movable contact piece 2 to an additional piston-cylinder arrangement in which the insulating medium is compressed in a known manner and then either directly into the area of the arc is blown in or introduced into the blowing volume 9 via a check valve. Furthermore, it is also possible to arrange a nominal current path parallel to the power current path in order to protect the nominal current contacts from the effects of the arc and any commutation arcs. Such a separate nominal current path is particularly advantageous for circuit breakers with a comparatively large nominal current carrying capacity. It is also possible to short-circuit the blow coil 22 depending on the stroke of the arcing chamber.
  • FIG. 1 shows the quenching chamber 1 in the closed state, the alternating current to be interrupted flows through the power current path that extends between the two connections 24 and 27, this current is indicated by the arrows 26 and 28.
  • the circuit breaker receives an opening command from a higher-level system control system or a protective relay, the moves Switch drive the movable contact piece 2 in the switch-off direction, in Fig.2 this direction is indicated by the arrow 29.
  • an arc 30 arises, one of which, initially briefly burning on the sliding contact arrangement 4, commutes very quickly onto the race 6.
  • the other base point of the arc 30 burns on the movable contact piece 2.
  • the blow coil 22 is short-circuited and the axial magnetic field no longer exists.
  • the absence of the axial magnetic field means that the arc 30 no longer rotates, so that the intensity of the heating of the gas and thus also the intensity of the pressure generation is greatly reduced.
  • the pressure in the blow volume 9 does not increase any further, so that the pressure load on the wall 8 of the blow volume 9 is limited.
  • the wall 8 therefore only needs to be designed for comparatively low pressures.
  • the dimensions of the blowing volume 9 can be kept comparatively small, since no additional volume reserve is required in order to be able to absorb any excessively high pressures.
  • blow coil 22 can be provided with a tap 34, so that only part of the blow coil 22 is short-circuited when the auxiliary switch 15 is closed. As a result, the first turn 21 and the turns following up to the tap 34 remain effective.
  • the partial short-circuiting in this case has the effect that the axial magnetic field is somewhat weakened, as a result of which the speed of rotation of the arc 30 and thus also the pressure generation is reduced .
  • the number of remaining effective turns can now be optimized in such a way that, in the case of switch-off cases that are critical in this case, a sufficiently large blowing pressure is always provided in the blowing volume 9, so that an intensive blowing of the arc 30 is ensured even in the event of longer arcing times.
  • This version of the circuit breaker can be used particularly advantageously in networks with a 16 2/3 Hz network frequency.
  • the pressure in the blow volume 9 is measured by means of the pressure sensor 37, further processed electronically and, if necessary, when a predetermined threshold value is exceeded, the magnetic trigger 36 is actuated, which closes the auxiliary switch 15 and thus short-circuits the blow coil 22 prompted.
  • This version has a minimum of moving parts to be maintained, so that its operational availability is advantageously large.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
EP96810091A 1995-03-04 1996-02-15 Disjoncteur Withdrawn EP0731482A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1995107583 DE19507583A1 (de) 1995-03-04 1995-03-04 Leistungsschalter
DE19507583 1995-03-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0731482A2 true EP0731482A2 (fr) 1996-09-11
EP0731482A3 EP0731482A3 (fr) 1998-04-08

Family

ID=7755628

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96810091A Withdrawn EP0731482A3 (fr) 1995-03-04 1996-02-15 Disjoncteur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0731482A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE19507583A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008055753A1 (fr) * 2006-11-07 2008-05-15 Abb Research Ltd Disjoncteur haute tension à arc de coupure tournant

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19830231B4 (de) * 1998-07-07 2008-10-23 Abb Research Ltd. Nennstromkontaktanordnung eines Leistungsschalters
DE202009014000U1 (de) * 2009-10-15 2011-02-24 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzelement

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2333598A (en) * 1941-01-09 1943-11-02 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Circuit interrupter
EP0021951A1 (fr) * 1979-06-14 1981-01-07 Merlin Gerin Interrupteur à autosoufflage par aspiration
EP0042456B1 (fr) * 1980-06-23 1985-01-23 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. Disjoncteur haute tension
DE3131417A1 (de) * 1981-08-07 1983-02-24 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Betaetigungsvorrichtung fuer einen erdungsschalter oder einen kurzschliesser in drucklos gekapselten schaltanlagenteilen von hochspannungs- oder mittelspannungsschalt- und -verteileranlagen
FR2596578B1 (fr) * 1986-03-28 1994-05-06 Merlin Et Gerin Disjoncteur electrique a autoexpansion et a arc tournant
DE3833564A1 (de) * 1987-11-24 1989-06-08 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Druckgasschalter
DE4114632A1 (de) * 1991-04-30 1992-11-05 Siemens Ag Druckgas-leistungsschalter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008055753A1 (fr) * 2006-11-07 2008-05-15 Abb Research Ltd Disjoncteur haute tension à arc de coupure tournant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0731482A3 (fr) 1998-04-08
DE19507583A1 (de) 1996-09-05

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