EP0732461A1 - Tuile - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0732461A1
EP0732461A1 EP96104132A EP96104132A EP0732461A1 EP 0732461 A1 EP0732461 A1 EP 0732461A1 EP 96104132 A EP96104132 A EP 96104132A EP 96104132 A EP96104132 A EP 96104132A EP 0732461 A1 EP0732461 A1 EP 0732461A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flat
head
fold
pan tile
foot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96104132A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Trost Dachkeramik Malsch GmbH
Original Assignee
Trost Dachkeramik Malsch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Trost Dachkeramik Malsch GmbH filed Critical Trost Dachkeramik Malsch GmbH
Publication of EP0732461A1 publication Critical patent/EP0732461A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/29—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements
    • E04D1/2907—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections
    • E04D1/2914—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements
    • E04D1/2918—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements the fastening means taking hold directly on adjacent elements of succeeding rows
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/02—Grooved or vaulted roofing elements
    • E04D1/04—Grooved or vaulted roofing elements of ceramics, glass or concrete, with or without reinforcement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flat pan tile of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such tile tiles known in various designs are generally used to cover flat-pitched roofs.
  • the required tightness and additional ventilation of the roofing is achieved through the simple or double head and side folds.
  • pan tiles For the fastest possible water drainage, these pan tiles have continuous longitudinal depressions in their middle field with a mostly flat base area, which is laterally followed by the cover bead.
  • a major disadvantage of these well-known tile tiles is that of them compared to concrete roof tiles considerably higher price, which is caused by the raw materials and especially by the energy and costly manufacturing process.
  • the blanks of chunks or cakes are shaped in revolver presses with upper and lower tools and, after drying, inserted in individual cassettes and fired in a tunnel oven. Since a separate cassette is required for each blank, the high production numbers of modern companies result in correspondingly high investment and operating costs due to the necessary use of these cassettes.
  • the maximum dimensions, the minimum wall thickness and the shape accuracy of such blanks or pan bricks produced by compression molding are also limited.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a flat pan tile which, in the case of enlarged surface dimensions in the covering, gives an appealing visual impression and can be produced much more cost-effectively than conventional folded pan tiles.
  • the flat pan tile according to the invention has larger surface dimensions, in particular a larger width than conventional pan tiles, the larger tile width being optically concealed by the flat strip-like or strip-shaped section in the middle field and the covering thereby giving an elongated appealing impression.
  • the design of the top side as a tipping-proof footprint enables inexpensive production of the flat pan tiles according to the invention, eliminating the cassettes previously used.
  • the blanks, which are shaped with high accuracy and practically stress-free, are transported upright next to each other through the kiln, with the top side forming the contact area.
  • a further advantage is a more uniform burning effect due to the more favorable flow and heat transfer conditions in the kiln.
  • a continuous clay strand is produced in an extrusion press, the cross section of which roughly corresponds to the cross section of the blanks or finished bricks. After the cross-cutting of this strand, the strand blanks are deformed in an embossing press with lower and upper tools, whereby the webs and grooves of the head and side folds as well as the corner cutouts etc. are formed by a slight material displacement compared to the conventional pressing process.
  • the two-stage deformation processes ensure that no or only slight residual stresses can build up in the blank, which in conventional production lead to the formation of cracks or hairline cracks when drying and / or burning.
  • the embossing process achieves a shape accuracy of the blanks which is not achievable in a conventional manner with a reduced wall thickness and accordingly a lower basis weight.
  • the manufacturing costs and also the surface dimensions of the flat tile according to the invention roughly correspond to those of concrete roof tiles, which, however, have a number of technical and aesthetic disadvantages compared to the clay roof tiles according to the invention.
  • two locking recesses are formed on the flat head side of the flat pan tile on the upper side and two protruding locking lugs on the underside.
  • Both arresting elements ie the arresting recesses and the arresting lugs, are matched to one another in terms of shape and size such that the protruding lugs of the upper bricks engage in the arresting recesses of the lower bricks in a form-fitting manner in the stack of bricks.
  • the protruding lugs serve as support elements for the bricks lying flat on a base and as attachment elements for the roof battens in the covering.
  • the flat end face of the conically tapering lugs widens the flat contact surface of the brick on the head side and thus improves the stability of the blank when it passes through the kiln.
  • the also conical locking recesses, which are open at the end, are provided in the head-side folding rib and are surrounded on the inside on three sides by a bead that is lower than the end-side folding rib.
  • the lower edge on the head side is also advantageously designed as an inclined surface.
  • the foot-side end section of the flat pan tile is convex in the longitudinal direction in the concavely curved central field and in the convex cover bead and has a wall thickness which gradually decreases towards the foot edge.
  • this results in a continuous support and a functionally correct engagement of the foot fold of an upper brick in the top fold of a lower brick in the covering. Furthermore, these measures favor the flow behavior and reduce the dynamic pressures in the area of the foot edges.
  • a good sealing effect of the covering is achieved in a technically simple manner in that a simple foot rebate is formed from a higher and wider end web and from a flatter rib spaced apart therefrom on the convexly tapered foot-side tile edge, this simple foot rebate together with that of only one End rib and a lower inner rib formed top fold of an adjacent flat pan tile forms a fluidic closure and both tiles are sealed against one another in a relatively large area.
  • a further embodiment of the invention is important, in which the corner cut at the head is larger than the corner cut at the foot end provided at the lower end of the side fold, with a narrow water drain edge on the longitudinal wall of this corner cut at the foot is of triangular cross section, in front of which there is a trough-shaped depression.
  • the end web of the foot fold under this strip-shaped section is also enlarged in the region of the strip-shaped section and provided with a flat support and stacking surface.
  • This support surface provides a secure foot support for the bricks in a stack, the packing density, i.e. the number of bricks in the stack, due to the flat domed design and the interlocking locking elements, is greater than that of conventional comparable pan tiles, which reduces transport and storage costs.
  • the flat pan tile according to the invention has a much larger usable area due to its increased width and the comparatively narrow head and side folds.
  • the flat pan tile shown in perspective in FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of a convexly bulging cover bead 1, a relatively wide central field 2, a side fold 3 and a head fold 4.
  • the wide central field 2 comprises a flatly concave, relatively wide section 5, which in a uniform cam track merges seamlessly into the much more oppositely curved cover bead 1, and from a strip-shaped section 6, which has a flat surface and is adjacent to the side folds 3.
  • This section 6 forms part of the active tile top surface and is not covered in the covering by the cover bead of the adjacent flat pan tile. As shown in FIG.
  • the foot-side end part 7 of the central field 2 and the cover bead 1 is convexly curved downward, the narrower end face 8 and also the higher end face 9 of the strip-shaped flat section 6 running vertically and merging (see FIG. 1 and 3).
  • the side fold 3 is formed by a relatively high side fold 10, which together with a lower side edge 11 of section 6 delimits a comparatively wide groove 12, forms a support for the end edge of the cover bead of an adjacent flat pan tile.
  • the channel 12 runs at its foot end in a flat trough 13 and this in a narrow drain channel 13a, which is provided in the top of a drain bar 14.
  • This drainage web 14 of triangular cross-section is molded onto the side flank of a corner cutout 15.
  • the head fold 4 comprises an outer head fold rib 17, which extends from the head-side corner cutout 16 with two interruptions caused by locking openings 18, 19 to the side fold 3 and over an end section 20 of reduced height with an end section 21 of likewise reduced height, which is conical in cross section Side fold rib 10 is connected.
  • the head rebate 4 also includes an inner head rebate rib 22 which is continuous from the end edge 11 of the section 6 to the corner cutout 16 and has a reduced height and width compared to the outer head rebate rib 17, which is arranged at a predetermined intermediate distance from the outer head rebate rib 17 and in the deepest region of the trough-shaped Central field part 5 has a passage opening 23.
  • the locking openings 18, 19 open at the head end extend through the outer top rabbet rib 17 for a predetermined length of a few millimeters into the top rabbet groove 24 delimited by the outer top rabbet rib 17 and the continuous narrower and lower inner header rabbet rib 22. Both locking openings 18, 19 are in this trough 24 is surrounded by a three-sided limiting bead 25, 26, which has a lower height than the outer top fold rib 17.
  • a continuous inclined surface 28 is formed on the head-side lower edge, which is only interrupted by the boundary walls of the locking openings 18, 19. Since the wall thickness of the entire roof tile is approximately the same in the middle field and also in the cover bead (except for the end section 7 on the foot side), the underside of the roof tile also has the curved shape indicated by dashed lines. As can be seen in FIG. 2 and the sectional view according to FIG. 3, the end edge of the cover bead 1 has a flat support surface 29 and a flat support surface 30 adjoining it laterally, the two surfaces 29 and 30 enclosing an approximately right angle. The lower surface 31 of the side fold 3 is also continuously flat and merges into the outer surface of the outer side fold rib 10.
  • the lower surface 32 below the strip-shaped flat section 6 of the middle field is connected to the lower surface 31 via a step 33 connected and connects to the curved lower surface 34 of the concave central field part 2.
  • two downwardly projecting locking or hanging lugs 35, 36 are formed on the head end of the brick, which are opposite the two upper locking recesses 18, 19, so that when stacking several roof tiles, the hanging lugs of the upper brick in engage the locking recesses of the lower tile in a form-fitting manner.
  • a truncated pyramid-shaped elevation 37, 38 is formed as a slatted support, which is separated from the respectively assigned towing lug 35, 36 via a gap-shaped intermediate space 39, 40.
  • the rear surfaces of the appendages 35, 36 are aligned with one another and are designed such that the tile is held securely and precisely aligned in the covering by a common bearing on a roof batten.
  • the foot-side end section of the flat pan tile shown comprises the continuous outer foot joint 8 projecting downward and a likewise continuous inner foot seam 43 of reduced width and height compared to the outer foot seam 8, the dimensions of this inner foot seam 43 being approximately those of the inner head seam 22 (FIG. 1 and 4) correspond.
  • a model of a molding for a flat pan tile according to the invention is shown once in scale - reduced - top view and below in section AA.
  • the raw brick length here is 41 cm and its raw width is about 34 cm, which, due to the relatively narrower side and head folds, leads to a significantly larger usable area compared to conventional pan tiles, so that with a visually appealing overall impression of the covering, one compared to conventional pan tiles reduced number of individual tiles per unit area is required.
  • the curved design of the flat pan tile according to the invention can be clearly seen from the sectional view in FIG. 3, in particular the flat concavely curved central section 5 with the adjoining flat bar 6 and the substantially more convexly curved cover bead 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows the locking function of a head and foot interlocking of two flat pan tiles a and b designed according to the invention in a covering.
  • the downwardly arched end portion of the upper brick a overlaps the head end web 17b of the lower brick b, the sealing rib 43a formed on the underside of the foot portion abutting the wall 25b of the bead 18 surrounding the locking recess 18b.
  • the foot-side end web 8a rests with its flat lower surface on the surface of the lower brick b and furthermore rests against the rib 23b with its bevelled inner flank.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a stack consisting of four flat tile tiles designed according to the invention, in particular the head-side positive locking of the individual roof tiles by the engagement of the locking lugs formed on the underside in the correspondingly positioned upper locking recesses of the lower one Roof tiles.
  • Due to the dimensions and shape a large number of individual tiles can be accommodated in a stack of a predetermined height very safely and without the risk of misalignment, the support ribs provided on the underside of conventional tile tiles being missing, which further promotes the stacking density.
  • the tile according to the invention has a favorable ratio of usable area to cover area, which is not achievable with common roof tiles, which results on the one hand from the increased tile width and on the other hand from the narrow folds.
  • the roofing work is further simplified by the fact that the flat tile tiles lie with the two sufficiently far apart attachment lugs on the side edges of the roof battens and rest with the truncated pyramid-shaped elevations adjacent to the two attachment lugs on the top of the roof battens.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown, but also includes configurations in which not all of the individual features described above are realized.
  • the strip-shaped part adjoining the section of the central field with a flat arch can have a slightly convex surface.
  • the head-side locking elements 18, 19, 35, 36 and the slat supports 37, 38 can also have a different shape.
  • the flat pan tiles shown and described are produced as follows.
  • the prepared raw mass is formed in an extrusion press into a strand that is already essentially has the cross-sectional shape shown in Fig. 3 (below).
  • This strand is cross-cut according to the length of the brick and the blanks obtained are placed in an embossing press, the lower and upper tools of which form a closed shape in the pressed state and in which the structural individual elements of the flat pan tile, in particular the ribs, webs and noses, are formed very precisely negatively are.
  • the pressing tools move together, these hollow individual elements are completely filled with the blank material, which is provided by at least partially reducing the wall thickness and is pressed into the mold cavities by flow displacement.
  • the molding obtained by this pressing and stamping process has no side burr like conventional moldings, practically no residual stresses or gas inclusions and a homogeneous structure with high dimensional accuracy.
  • the shaped embossed moldings are placed upright with their head-side support with small gaps between them on special means of transport, usually heat-resistant transport wagons, whereby vertical support bars for additional stability of the moldings can be attached to the loading area of the transport wagons.
  • the moldings pass through a drying unit and a kiln on this trolley. Due to the upright arrangement, the hot gases in the kiln are evenly flowed around on all sides except for the contact surface on the head side, which causes a uniform firing process.
  • the possibly less intensive impact on the footprint has practically no meaning in the finished brick because the outer top fold in the covering is covered by the foot fold of the adjacent brick. Since the moldings are largely homogenized in their material structure by the embossing process and have practically no residual stresses, no cracking and / or distortion phenomena form in the drying and firing process, so that the high Dimensional accuracy of the molding is retained even in the finished flat pan tile and the inevitable shrinkage is evened out and significantly reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Executing Machine-Instructions (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
EP96104132A 1995-03-15 1996-03-15 Tuile Withdrawn EP0732461A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29504404U 1995-03-15
DE29504404U DE29504404U1 (de) 1995-03-15 1995-03-15 Flachpfannenziegel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0732461A1 true EP0732461A1 (fr) 1996-09-18

Family

ID=8005366

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96104132A Withdrawn EP0732461A1 (fr) 1995-03-15 1996-03-15 Tuile

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0732461A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE29504404U1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0866192A2 (fr) 1997-03-21 1998-09-23 Trost Dachkeramik GmbH Malsch Tuile mécanique plate
WO1998045549A1 (fr) 1997-04-03 1998-10-15 Rupp Keramik Gmbh Tuile
EP1113119A3 (fr) * 1999-12-31 2001-10-24 Manfred Dipl.-Ing. Bracht Tuile
DE102005045392A1 (de) * 2005-08-17 2007-02-22 Röben Tonbaustoffe GmbH Dachziegel sowie Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen von Dachziegeln
CN103009465A (zh) * 2012-12-30 2013-04-03 黄俊杰 多孔水泥波形瓦生产装置
JP2016079703A (ja) * 2014-10-17 2016-05-16 三州野安株式会社 平板瓦及び平板瓦の瓦葺き構造

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29504404U1 (de) * 1995-03-15 1995-05-11 Trost Dachkeramik GmbH Malsch, 69231 Rauenberg Flachpfannenziegel
DE19713718C1 (de) 1997-04-03 1998-10-15 Rupp Keramik Gmbh Dachziegel

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL37136C (fr) * 1900-01-01
DE524442C (de) * 1931-05-07 Emil Waller Seitenverschluss fuer Falzziegel
CH301718A (de) * 1950-10-13 1954-09-30 Franz Ludowici Ludwig Falzziegel.
DE1086421B (de) * 1957-03-28 1960-08-04 Ziegelwerke Emil Bott G M B H Falzpfannenziegel mit durchlaufend verbundener Kopf- und Seitenfalzung
DE1230539B (de) * 1959-09-02 1966-12-15 Rudolf Hemmann Im Strangpressverfahren herstellbarer Krempziegel
DE2833830A1 (de) * 1978-08-02 1980-02-21 Andreas Haessler Verfahren zur herstellung von keramischen formlingen vorzugsweise plattenfoermigen z.b. dachziegel
DE3406556A1 (de) * 1984-02-23 1985-08-29 Marin 6729 Hatzenbühl Schnorr Verfahren zum herstellen von ziegeln
DE29504404U1 (de) * 1995-03-15 1995-05-11 Trost Dachkeramik GmbH Malsch, 69231 Rauenberg Flachpfannenziegel
DE19510460A1 (de) * 1994-03-24 1995-10-12 Stroeher Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Dachziegeln

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL37136C (fr) * 1900-01-01
DE524442C (de) * 1931-05-07 Emil Waller Seitenverschluss fuer Falzziegel
CH301718A (de) * 1950-10-13 1954-09-30 Franz Ludowici Ludwig Falzziegel.
DE1086421B (de) * 1957-03-28 1960-08-04 Ziegelwerke Emil Bott G M B H Falzpfannenziegel mit durchlaufend verbundener Kopf- und Seitenfalzung
DE1230539B (de) * 1959-09-02 1966-12-15 Rudolf Hemmann Im Strangpressverfahren herstellbarer Krempziegel
DE2833830A1 (de) * 1978-08-02 1980-02-21 Andreas Haessler Verfahren zur herstellung von keramischen formlingen vorzugsweise plattenfoermigen z.b. dachziegel
DE3406556A1 (de) * 1984-02-23 1985-08-29 Marin 6729 Hatzenbühl Schnorr Verfahren zum herstellen von ziegeln
DE19510460A1 (de) * 1994-03-24 1995-10-12 Stroeher Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Dachziegeln
DE29504404U1 (de) * 1995-03-15 1995-05-11 Trost Dachkeramik GmbH Malsch, 69231 Rauenberg Flachpfannenziegel

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0866192A2 (fr) 1997-03-21 1998-09-23 Trost Dachkeramik GmbH Malsch Tuile mécanique plate
DE19712019C1 (de) * 1997-03-21 1998-10-01 Trost Dachkeramik Gmbh Malsch Flachdachpfannenziegel
WO1998045549A1 (fr) 1997-04-03 1998-10-15 Rupp Keramik Gmbh Tuile
EP1113119A3 (fr) * 1999-12-31 2001-10-24 Manfred Dipl.-Ing. Bracht Tuile
DE102005045392A1 (de) * 2005-08-17 2007-02-22 Röben Tonbaustoffe GmbH Dachziegel sowie Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen von Dachziegeln
CN103009465A (zh) * 2012-12-30 2013-04-03 黄俊杰 多孔水泥波形瓦生产装置
JP2016079703A (ja) * 2014-10-17 2016-05-16 三州野安株式会社 平板瓦及び平板瓦の瓦葺き構造

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE29504404U1 (de) 1995-05-11

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