EP0754285A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trocknen von hochlochziegeln od.dgl. - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trocknen von hochlochziegeln od.dgl.Info
- Publication number
- EP0754285A1 EP0754285A1 EP95917306A EP95917306A EP0754285A1 EP 0754285 A1 EP0754285 A1 EP 0754285A1 EP 95917306 A EP95917306 A EP 95917306A EP 95917306 A EP95917306 A EP 95917306A EP 0754285 A1 EP0754285 A1 EP 0754285A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- moldings
- blowing
- air
- drying
- rows
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
- F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
- F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
- F26B15/14—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by trays or racks or receptacles, which may be connected to endless chains or belts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/006—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects with the air or gases passing through hollow spaces or cores within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. tubes, pipes or bottles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/50—Ducting arrangements from the source of air or other gases to the materials or objects being dried
- F26B21/55—Outlets for directing or distributing the air or other gases
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for drying ceramic moldings in the manufacture of lattice blocks, so-called perforated bricks, in which drying air is blown into gaps between adjacent moldings and flows through molding channels.
- the moldings are continuously guided past nozzles which are mutually offset alternately on both sides and / or above and below the conveyor tracks in the direction of movement of the moldings at a distance from one another which corresponds to at least twice the distance from successive moldings.
- the moldings are arranged on ropes in such a way that their channels (holes) run with the longitudinal axis in the transport direction (cf. FIG. 1).
- the mold transport is regulated in such a way that the moldings are only about 0.5 lake. are flowed directly by about 20 mm wide nozzles, and that there is a pause of about 5 seconds.
- the invention is based on the object of an improved method and an improved device for the rapid drying of lattice-like ceramic formations, in particular so-called.
- Perforated brick moldings to be created in which a uniform and intensive flow and flow through the moldings is given with little device and energy expenditure and the flow can be carried out at a relatively high speed.
- the invention enables in a simple manner a uniform and intensive flow around and flow through all the molded articles to be dried.
- the position of the respective molding within the trimmings (covering) has no negative Effect on drying, ie there are no delays in the drying progress due to the position of the individual moldings in the facing / covering.
- the direct blowing or blowing on at least one row of formings as well as the build-up of pressure in front of the same in a blowing station enable a targeted flow through all the molded articles at a speed not previously achieved in tunnel dryers - of more than 1.0 m / sec, in particular even of about 2.0 m / sec. - and cause a largely gentle quick drying with relatively low energy consumption. It is advantageous to note that only a short distance has to be flowed through, because (depending on) the sprayed dry air jet only has to flow through the covering (covering) for a single length of molded article in order to perform complete ventilation work.
- the "targeted" blowing makes additional guide devices and / or reversing devices for generating air flows in opposite directions superfluous.
- the transverse arrangement of the nozzle boxes and their wide jet nozzle (s) enables a simple tunnel dryer structure, economical use of space and a shaped arrangement with channels / perforated axes running in the transport direction.
- one of the blowing stations results solely from its directed air jet or its directed air jets, i.e. without the use of a reversing device, strong air flow in opposite directions caused.
- the drying air is pressed in both directions at a high initial speed through the molding channels of the rows of molding directly loaded.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the last-mentioned molding blowing system is present if, in a blowing station operating over at least three rows of moldings one behind the other, by means of two air jets which diverge towards the bottom - which extend over the entire width of the trim and over the entire width Blow out drying air at the same flow rate - an alternating cutting surface blowing with interposition from a blow-free position / rest.
- the two advantages a) of the front and rear side blowing with appropriate flow and flow through the moldings from one end and the other time from the other end, and b) dry air blowing in the opposite direction without a reversing device in a particularly favorable manner.
- FIG. 1 shows a blowing station with perpendicular blowing in of the dry air between two rows of moldings running transversely to the transport direction / tunnel dryer longitudinal axis
- FIG. 2 shows a blowing station with two inclined ones
- the method according to the invention is implemented in a tunnel dryer.
- This tunnel dryer has a drying channel / tunnel, generally numbered 1, through which transport documents 2 are moved in cycles.
- the transport documents can be designed as carriages or other movable platforms. Their width can be over 5 m.
- the arrow T indicates the preferred direction of transport, which is in particular opposite to the air flow through the tunnel, the so-called "longitudinal flow”.
- moldings carriers 3 which run transversely to the transport direction T and which accommodate moldings 4 arranged in one layer.
- the moldings 4, which are lined up in transverse rows, are arranged at a distance from each adjacent molding and can therefore be flowed around on all sides.
- Their channels 5 extend with the channel axis in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel dryer, ie in the transport direction. T and thereby enable an advantageous flow due to the "pull-through" effect of the "longitudinal flow”.
- the molded carriers 3 - and also the molded products 4 of each transverse row - are arranged one behind the other to form a transverse gap 6. These gaps 6 each form a gap for the targeted blowing in of dry air which has been assembled in accordance with the respective requirements.
- the moldings 4 have a significantly smaller distance from the adjacent molding 4 within a row of moldings than the distance between rows of moldings lying one behind the other is large.
- the small lateral gap between the formations 4 arranged next to one another ensures a space-saving arrangement and nevertheless an advantageous air passage.
- the molded carrier 3 are designed to allow air to flow through.
- the air jet (wide jet) 12 (cf. FIG. 1) that extends from a nozzle box 8, 9 or 10 by means of a wide jet nozzle 11 in a wide air jet that extends across the entire width of the trim 1) or 13, 14 (cf. FIG. 2) or 15, 16 (cf. FIG. 3) blown dry air blown against the transport pad 2 acting as a baffle surface, even under the blown / injected molding 4 flow and partially coat / rinse the underside with the dry air.
- Each molded support 3 has a stiffened (stabilized) support profile made of sheet steel, the profile (cross section) of which is designed in the manner of an upside-down "U".
- the length of the U-bridge corresponds approximately to the length of the molded product in this dimension (see Fig. 1-3). A large-area and good support of the “green” shaped articles 4 is thereby ensured. accomplishes.
- the U cross section widens downwards.
- the side legs preferably lie on a symmetrical trapezoid.
- the U-web and the two U-legs of the molding carrier 3 are perforated, the proportion of holes in the respective area being about 35-65%.
- the proportion of holes in the U-web is dimensioned as large as possible, but depending on the material of the moldings 3 to be dried, it is designed such that sufficient support is provided for the molding 4 to be dried and disadvantageous impressions are avoided.
- the perforation in the side walls of each molded carrier 3, which act as set-up elements / spacers, is designed such that a dynamic pressure, preferably of 20-100 Pa, can build up in front of it - in a particularly preferred and advantageous manner, the proportion of holes here is approximately 50 %.
- blowing stations 7 arranged one behind the other in the drying tunnel 1, which work in accordance with FIGS. 1, 2 or 3.
- the transport documents 2 are fed to each blowing station 7 in such a manner and stopped in a precise location that the air jet 12 or the air jets 13-16 can be blown into a gap 6 between two transverse rows of moldings.
- the molding is transported in cycles at intervals of one row, so that the molding 4 is blown "row by row”.
- Each air jet 12-16 is blown out across the entire width of the trim at the same flow rate. If a blowing station 7 works with two air jets, they are located one behind the other and the corresponding slot nozzles run parallel in the transverse direction of the tunnel dryer. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, at least one transverse nozzle box 8 with at least one wide jet nozzle 11 which blows perpendicular to the transport base 2 is provided in the drying channel 1 for each blowing station 7.
- the air jets 13, 14 are preferably directed obliquely against the perforated end faces (cut surfaces) of all the molded articles 4 of a transverse row of molded articles (transverse row).
- the inclined air jets 13, 14 are aligned in particular in such a way on the molding / molding cross section that the entire surface / end face of the molding 4 is blown - the vertical center axis (bisector) of the molding 4 and the respective air jet 13 meet / 14 (and in Fig. 3: 15/16) together.
- the nozzle box 10 is provided with two wide-jet nozzles 11, which are at an angle to one another and blow air jets 15, 16 diverging towards the bottom on two rows of moldings, blowing on the one hand the front side and on the other hand the back of a molding row becomes.
- the wide jet nozzles 11 are arranged in such a way that when transport documents 2 are stationary, at least one row of molded articles remains unblown between two blown rows of molded articles.
- This type of blowing of rows of moldings enables an advantageous rest position for the moldings 4 which are not directly blown on, within a blowing station 7 between two blowing points, in which the same only by the "longitudinal flow" - which means a substantially lower flow speed has - be dried. Since at least one blasoko held molding series between two blown molding rows is present, a hindered un- / is interference 'slock flow through the molding channels ensures both blown molding rows.
- the two wide jet nozzles 11 of the nozzle box 10 are arranged symmetrically to the center / vertical nozzle box.
- the nozzle jet center plane includes an angle opening downwards of 15-25 °, preferably approximately 20 °, with the nozzle box center plane or vertical.
- the distance between the nozzle box 9, 10 and the moldings 4, on the one hand, and between adjacent rows of moldings, on the other hand, is selected such that the respective air jet 13, 14, 15, 16 the upper corner of the moldings 4 of an adjacent one and thus in this position "unblown" row of moldings is not blown. Due to such targeted blown molding, the edges are prevented from unintentionally drying and ultimately edge cracks are largely prevented.
- the blowing station 7 works with diverging air jets 15, 16 preferably over a total of 4 rows of moldings, in such a way that between the respective blown rows I, IV there are two rows free of blow II, III exist.
- each molding row remains for 4 cycles and is exposed to the following working steps: a) 1 blowing cycle from the first end face, b) 2 lifting cycles, and c) 1 blowing cycle from the second End face forth, ie opposite to a).
- a cycle lasts at least 0.5 minutes, preferably about 1 minute.
- the air flows can be seen in the drawing and require no further explanation.
- the invention is characterized by a method and a device for drying single-layer 3 on air-flowable mold carriers and optionally also in wide transverse rows - in this case with perforated axes 5 running in the transport direction T - arranged moldings (perforated bricks) 4, the Drying air is blown with the same intensity by means of transverse broad jet nozzle (s) 11 in gaps 6 between rows of moldings lying one behind the other, down to the transport base 2 and over the entire width of the trim, and flows around and flows through each molding 4 and from the inside and outside evenly dries.
- each slot nozzle is designed to be adjustable / adjustable in the gap width and / or slot position in order to enable precise blowing, even with different molding formats.
- each nozzle slot can have a lips which are numbered 11 and are telescopically designed and / or arranged (not shown).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4412351 | 1994-04-11 | ||
| DE4412071A DE4412071C2 (de) | 1994-04-11 | 1994-04-11 | Düsenkasten für Keramik-Trockner |
| DE4412350 | 1994-04-11 | ||
| DE4412351 | 1994-04-11 | ||
| DE4412071 | 1994-04-11 | ||
| DE4412350 | 1994-04-11 | ||
| PCT/EP1995/001314 WO1995027880A1 (de) | 1994-04-11 | 1995-04-11 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trocknen von hochlochziegeln od.dgl. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0754285A1 true EP0754285A1 (de) | 1997-01-22 |
| EP0754285B1 EP0754285B1 (de) | 1999-03-03 |
Family
ID=27206256
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95917306A Expired - Lifetime EP0754285B1 (de) | 1994-04-11 | 1995-04-11 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trocknen von hochlochziegeln od.dgl. |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0754285B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE177194T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU683162B2 (de) |
| CZ (1) | CZ285340B6 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE59505208D1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2132660T3 (de) |
| HU (1) | HU218769B (de) |
| PL (1) | PL316945A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1995027880A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CZ304372B6 (cs) * | 2012-07-30 | 2014-04-02 | HELUZ cihlářský průmysl v.o.s. | Způsob plnění dutinových cihelných tvarovek a zařízení pro provádění tohoto způsobu |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1272267B (de) * | 1963-03-30 | 1968-07-11 | Elitex Zavody Textilniho | Duese fuer einen Duesentrockner zum Trocknen von insbesondere Textilien |
| DE6918782U (de) * | 1969-05-09 | 1969-10-09 | Netzsch Maschinenfabrik | Vorrichtung zum trocknen keramischer formlinge |
| DD95446A5 (de) * | 1971-02-25 | 1973-02-05 | ||
| DE2109071C3 (de) * | 1971-02-25 | 1981-08-13 | Manfred 6312 Laubach Leisenberg | Förder- und Trocknungseinrichtung für keramische Formlinge |
| DE8018533U1 (de) * | 1980-07-10 | 1980-10-30 | Thomas Robert Metall Elektro | Palette zur Aufnahme von keramischen Formkoerpern |
| DE8907868U1 (de) * | 1989-06-28 | 1989-10-19 | Erich Netzsch GmbH & Co Holding KG, 8672 Selb | Vorrichtung zum Trocknen keramischer Formlinge |
| DE3925063A1 (de) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-01-31 | Wagner Max Novokeram | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trocknen von keramischen formlingen |
| FR2652410A1 (fr) * | 1989-09-27 | 1991-03-29 | Lheritier Robert | Procede de sechage de produits plats en pate ceramique et systeme de sechoir le mettant en óoeuvre. |
-
1995
- 1995-04-11 HU HU9602788A patent/HU218769B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-04-11 CZ CZ962978A patent/CZ285340B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-04-11 AT AT95917306T patent/ATE177194T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-04-11 ES ES95917306T patent/ES2132660T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-04-11 AU AU23438/95A patent/AU683162B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-04-11 DE DE59505208T patent/DE59505208D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-04-11 PL PL95316945A patent/PL316945A1/xx unknown
- 1995-04-11 EP EP95917306A patent/EP0754285B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-04-11 WO PCT/EP1995/001314 patent/WO1995027880A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9527880A1 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CZ304372B6 (cs) * | 2012-07-30 | 2014-04-02 | HELUZ cihlářský průmysl v.o.s. | Způsob plnění dutinových cihelných tvarovek a zařízení pro provádění tohoto způsobu |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1995027880A1 (de) | 1995-10-19 |
| AU683162B2 (en) | 1997-10-30 |
| CZ285340B6 (cs) | 1999-07-14 |
| HU9602788D0 (en) | 1996-12-30 |
| CZ297896A3 (en) | 1997-02-12 |
| AU2343895A (en) | 1995-10-30 |
| EP0754285B1 (de) | 1999-03-03 |
| HUT76701A (en) | 1997-10-28 |
| ES2132660T3 (es) | 1999-08-16 |
| DE59505208D1 (de) | 1999-04-08 |
| PL316945A1 (en) | 1997-02-17 |
| ATE177194T1 (de) | 1999-03-15 |
| HU218769B (hu) | 2000-12-28 |
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