EP0761908B1 - Strut, especially floor supporting strut in building construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The component (1) has at least one hole with inner facing widened in relation to adjoining material thickness of another component (3). The component is secured to another component by a pin (4) and hole (6) connection. The hole's inner face is widened by a support nozzle (9) produced by stamp forming on the load side (8) of the hole. The support surface of the nozzle is accurately matched to a corresponding inner facing area of the hole. The two components can move telescopically in relation to one another, and are secured at least in relation to a load direction.

Description

The invention relates to a support, in particular ceiling support for construction purposes, with two telescoping relative to each other Support elements that have a pin / hole connection can be locked against at least one load direction, the hole friction of the holes of at least one support element compared to an adjacent profile thickness of the respective Support element is widened. Furthermore, the Invention on a method according to claim 4 and an apparatus to this end according to claim 8.

Such supports usually consist of a tubular inner support element and a tubular outer support element, in which the inner support element is telescopic is. Is located on the outer circumference of the outer support element at least in some areas a thread and axially parallel to the thread two elongated holes arranged opposite each other. On the thread a support ring is screwed on to support a pin bolts inserted through the two elongated holes. The inner support member has holes at a predetermined distance through which the pin bolt can be inserted. The entire support is then finely adjusted by turning it of the support ring. With such supports, two factors play a role a crucial role. On the one hand you want the supports build as light as possible so they are easy to use are. On the other hand, the problem arises in this context, that the greatest stress on the reveal of the holes, into which the pin bolt is inserted, if possible, is that there are no undue deformations. Around Taking this into account was already described in DE-A-29 35 187 and DE-A-44 00 360 proposed the profile thickness in the area of the holes of the inner support element over the entire Increase the length so that the reveal of the holes widens is. This broadening is usually caused by the Choice of appropriate roll profiles or by welding one Reinforcement achieved. Although such an arrangement already a big weight saving with sufficient strength of the Reveal perforation, one is nevertheless anxious to find more Make improvements.

It is the object of the present invention to support the Provide the type mentioned, which is sufficient Strength in the hole area with the lowest possible profile weight provides.

This object is achieved in that the widening the soffit by punching one on the load side of the hole formed on one side support lug is, the support surface substantially in shape to one corresponding embrasure area of the hole is adapted.

This means that the invention artificially compresses is generated in the load area of the reveal, as in Use of the supports under too high embrasure pressure or as normal "aging" would arise. Furthermore The invention has the enormous advantage that the broadening the reveal is only on the side of the hole where the Force is transmitted. For floor props for construction purposes with one-sided Direction of load is usually the upper area of the hole because of this due to the load from above presses on the pin bolt. Unlike such damage, where the hole takes on an oval shape over time and the pin bolt thus has play shows in the invention of the hole to an exact shape, which is a recording allows with little play of the pin bolt. In contrast to the Reinforcement of the hole area of the support element over the entire Length is no additional in the solution according to the invention Material expenditure required because the support nose made of material is formed, which is provided when punching the hole becomes. This allows a very serious weight saving achieve. In addition, there is the broadening the reveal only at the required point.

As a preferred shape, the holes can be circular and Support nose have a sickle shape adapted to it, which is technically easiest to implement and for the Is the cheapest type of load.

The support made of metal is particularly simple, preferably Steel, because there is a particular possibility here the support element from a strip material by punching and To produce bending or rolling processes.

a) Ausstanzen eines Loches mit vorbestimmten Spiel zwischen Formstempel und Matrize im Bereich der späteren Belastungsseite der Lochleibung des Loches zum Bilden eines vorbestimmten Grates;

b) Nachformen des Grates durch einen Prägevorgang zum Ausbilden einer Stütznase mit einer Stützfläche, die im wesentlichen formgenau an einen entsprechenden Lochleibungsbereich des Loches angepaßt ist.

In the following, protection is sought for a method for producing a hole for a pin / hole connection that can be loaded in a predetermined loading direction, in particular for a support according to one of claims 1 to 3. This procedure is characterized by the following steps:

a) punching out a hole with predetermined play between the die and the die in the region of the later loading side of the hole reveal of the hole to form a predetermined burr;

b) reshaping the burr by means of an embossing process to form a support nose with a support surface which is essentially adapted to a corresponding embrasure region of the hole.

The process is characterized by its simplicity. By deliberately choosing too much play between the die opening and the stamp in the area to be formed A deliberate burr is formed on the support nose. This one-sided protruding burr can then in a subsequent stamping process be pressed into the desired shape of the support nose. The real idea of this invention is that one deliberately unfavorable at one point of the hole to be punched Punching conditions created that lead to the formation of an otherwise unwanted Ridges.

Process steps a) and b) can advantageously be carried out by the same form stamp can be carried out, which means in one operation the hole is formed with the support lug.

The quality of the hole and the dimensional accuracy of the support surface The support nose can increase in one variant in another Method step a calibration of the hole at least in Area of the load side and the support surface.

This can advantageously simplify the method that steps a), b) and c) of the same Form stamps are executed. Thus, in one operation a hole with a support nose with a very high dimensional accuracy.

Furthermore, protection is sought for a device for Carrying out the method according to one of claims 4 to 7.

The device comprises a die and one in an opening the die retractable die for punching the hole from a workpiece, being between the opening and a Punching area of the die in the area of the later load side the reveal of the hole to be punched to form a predetermined ridge provided a predetermined game is, and an embossing device for reshaping the burr into a Support nose with a support surface that is essentially accurate in shape adapted to a corresponding embrasure area of the hole is. The otherwise fits snugly into the opening of the die insertable form stamps points only to a certain area a wanted game. Because most of the scope of the form stamp is guided in the opening, the stamp can do not dodge in this direction, creating a well-defined one Burr formation occurs.

Conveniently, the embossing device can be as above the Stamping area formed on the stamping stamping area be the ridge in one at the top during the embossing process Forming recess arranged in the edge of the opening in the die for forming the prop nose presses in. This offers the Possibility by reducing the game between opening the Die and die stamp to carry out the embossing process. The ridge can then be inserted into the mold cavity, which has the exact look the column nose are pressed in defined. The reduction the game can conveniently take place continuously.

A calibration device can be used to improve the dimensional accuracy be provided, the at least the hole in the workpiece in Area of the load side and the support surface calibrated.

In this context, it has proven to be advantageous if the calibration device in another variant as Calibration area arranged above the embossing area on the stamp is designed with a calibration knife. In a all three molding processes (stamping, Embossing and calibration) in a single operation using the carried out the same form stamp.

So that a clean embossing and calibration with the appropriate the support nose and support surface are properly formed, both the embossing area and the calibration area in the essentially fits perfectly with little play in the opening of the die be insertable.

Since the holes are mainly circular holes the mold trough, seen in plan view, can act on the opening has a sickle shape. This can be particularly easy to manufacture and guarantees a snug fit the support nose to the hole.

In a further embodiment, the form stamp is in one Spring-loaded guide plate arranged above the die arranged. The guide plate is guaranteed by the spring load a clean pressing on the workpiece, even if this has slightly different thickness dimensions. At the workpiece can be relieved accordingly, in particular Band material to be advanced.

Fig. 1

eine Teilansicht eines Querschnitts durch eine erfindungsgemäße Stütze,

Fig. 2

einen perspektivischen Ausschnitt des inneren Stützenelementes,

Fig. 3

einen Querschnitt des Ausschnittes aus Figur 2 entlang der Linie III-III geschnitten,

Fig. 4

einen Querschnitt des Ausschnittes aus Figur 2 entlang der Linie IV-IV geschnitten,

Fig. 5

eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Loches gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung in einer Querschnittsansicht,

Fig. 6

die Vorrichtung aus Figur 5 in einer um 90° gedrehten Querschnittsansicht,

Fig. 7

den Formstempel aus Figur 5,

Fig. 8

den Formstempel aus Figur 7 in einer um 90° gedrehten Ansicht,

Fig. 9

den Formstempel aus Figur 7 in einer Unteransicht,

Fig. 10

die Matrize aus Figur 5 in einer Querschnittsansicht,

Fig. 11

einen Ausschnitt der Matrize aus Figur 10 in einer Draufsicht,

Fig. 12

den Stanzvorgang des Loches gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung,

Fig. 13

den Prägevorgang und

Fig. 14

den Kalibriervorgang.

An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing. It shows:

Fig. 1

2 shows a partial view of a cross section through a support according to the invention,

Fig. 2

a perspective section of the inner support element,

Fig. 3

3 shows a cross section of the detail from FIG. 2 along the line III-III,

Fig. 4

3 shows a cross section of the detail from FIG. 2 along the line IV-IV,

Fig. 5

a device for producing a hole according to the present invention in a cross-sectional view,

Fig. 6

5 in a cross-sectional view rotated by 90 °,

Fig. 7

the form stamp from Figure 5,

Fig. 8

7 in a view rotated by 90 °,

Fig. 9

7 in a bottom view,

Fig. 10

5 in a cross-sectional view,

Fig. 11

10 shows a section of the die from FIG. 10 in a top view,

Fig. 12

the punching process of the hole according to the present invention,

Fig. 13

the embossing process and

Fig. 14

the calibration process.

The cross-sectional area of a support shown in FIG they are used to support formwork in construction used shows the essential components. The Support comprises a tubular outer support element 1 which stands up with his foot, not shown, on the floor and has a threaded section 2 at its upper end region, a telescopic, tubular inner support element 3, which from the upper end of the lower support element 1 protrudes and with a support head, not shown, on his upper end with the corresponding element to be supported in System can be brought, and one transverse to the support elements 2, 3 through these push-through pins 4. For pushing through the pin 4 includes the lower support member 1 in its threaded section 2 two oppositely arranged Elongated holes 5. The inner support element 3 has several holes 6, of which two are always in alignment and where the distance of the holes 6 to the next hole pair in the axial direction seen is smaller than the length of the threaded section 2. Furthermore, a support ring 7 is on the threaded section 2 screwed, against which the pin bolt 4 relative to supports the lower support element 1.

The holes 6 are only on the through the direction of loading A predetermined load side 8 with a hole reveal the hole 6 widening support nose 9 provided. Figures 2 to 4 now show in detail the formation of a hole 6 in upper support element 3. The support lug 9 stands inside of the support element 3 and has a plan view hole 6 has a sickle shape adapted to it. In cross section seen the support nose 9 is approximately triangular. By forming a support surface 10 that fits snugly the hole 6 hugs the reveal of the hole on the load side 8 enlarged. It is quite possible through training the support surface 10 a doubling of the reveal To get hole 6.

The following is the operation and operation of the above Embodiment explained in more detail.

The user of the support places it in a suitable place on the lower foot, not shown, and removed by Holding the upper support element 3 the pin bolt 4. By Telescoping the support elements 1, 3 relative to each other achieved a rough presetting. For this, a suitable one Hole pair 6 selected. Then the pin bolt 4 is through the elongated hole 5 and the holes 6 for locking the support elements 1, 3 inserted. The remaining way to create the not shown head to the element to be supported by rotating the support ring 7. This way of working is similar to the known supports, which is why on the illustration the entire support could be dispensed with.

The support is now loaded in the load direction A, so that the force on the loading side 8 of the hole 6 on the pin bolt 4 and from there on the support ring 7 the lower support element 1 is transmitted. So in particular the upper support element 3 is relatively thin-walled in a lightweight construction can be carried out, the load side 8 of the hole 6th has been reinforced by the support nose 9. The size of the support surface 10 is chosen so that the enlarged reveal is the can withstand the greatest pressures at this point. This is done no "aging" of the hole 6, making it a perfect fit circular shape is preserved. The game between pin bolts 4 and hole 6 is therefore approximate, even with frequent use constant. What should be highlighted in this construction, that the cost of materials for generating the support nose 9 relative is small, so that the weight compared to previously used Columns can be significantly reduced.

An embodiment is described below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 14 a device and a method for the production of a hole 6 with a support nose 9 explained in more detail.

The embodiment of the device essentially comprises a die 11 with an opening 12, a guide plate 14 supported by compression springs 13 and a die 16 guided displaceably in a guide opening 15 of the guide plate 14. The guide plate 14 can be lifted off the die 11 Position the tape material 17 between these two and move it forward. The strip material 17, which is preferably made of sheet steel, is then rolled into the shape of the corresponding support element 1, 3 in a further operation. The die 16 has at its lower end a chamfered stamping area 18, an embossing area 19 arranged directly above it and a calibration area 20 above it. The punching area 18 has a cross section somewhat compressed on one side, which, however, is otherwise adapted to the shape of the upper diameter D _{M of} the opening 12 of the die 11. The width a of the punching area 18 thus has a clearance S = D _M -a to the opening 12. At the upper edge of the opening 12, a crescent-shaped trough 21 is provided, which essentially corresponds to the shape of the support nose 9 to be formed.

In the embossing area 19 there is again a continuous lifting of the compression until the punch 16 reaches a diameter D which essentially corresponds to the diameter D _{M of} the opening 12. The game S therefore shrinks essentially only to the minimum value required for the introduction of the die 16 into the opening 12.

In the calibration area 20 there is a recess 22 which would also be described as a flute. This will become a calibration knife 23 shaped, which is also essentially the same Diameter D is adjusted.

At the guide area 24 of the die 16 are two opposite Sliding surfaces 25 provided in the corresponding molded opening 15 of the guide plate 14, the exact angle of rotation establish.

An embodiment is described below with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14 of the method based on the above embodiment of Device explained in more detail.

In FIG. 12 it can be seen that the punching area 18 of the shaping punch 16 penetrates into the strip material 17 and that the material for obtaining the hole 6 is already partially punched out. At the same time, a burr 26 is formed by the clearance S between the punching area 18 and the diameter D _{M of} the opening 12, which ridge is partially pressed into the mold cavity 21. On the opposite side, the only slight play between the punching area 18 and the opening 12 results in a clean punching without any significant burr formation.

If the shaping punch 16 now moves further into the opening 12, As can be seen in FIG. 13, the embossing area 19 comes with the Burr in contact and by reducing the game S the Burr 26 substantially in shape in the mold cavity 21 for training the support nose 9 pressed. The material section 27 is already completely from the band material 27 Cut.

Then slides down again by moving the Form stamp 16 of the calibration area 20 with its calibration cutting edge 23 on the ridge 26 which has already been formed into the supporting nose 9 over so that a support surface 10 that is as precise as possible is formed is that fits snugly to the rest of hole 6. The calibration cutting edge 23 is used as for calibration usual, a small chip removal.

After shaping the support lug 9, the die 16 moves again in its raised position so that it is completely out of range of the strip material 17 moves out. At the same time, the Pressure springs 13 relieved, so that the guide plate 14 also is raised. The strip material 17 can now be used accordingly to form a further hole 6 with support lug 9 moved forward and then by means of the guide plate 14 the compression springs 13 are clamped again.

This method allows the production of a corresponding one Hole 6 with support nose 9 in a single operation, whereby the manufacturing time of the hole formation according to the invention the manufacturing time of a hole previously known Column elements do not differ. The tape material 17 is then rolled into the shape of the support element 3. It is again emphasizes at this point that however the weight saving, which is achieved through this training, very high is.

This invention is not only applicable to building supports, but basically for all metallic components that have a To connect the pin / hole connection with another component are.

Claims (15)

1. A metallic component, which can be locked relative to another component by means of a pin/hole connection, with at least one hole, whose wall is enlarged relative to an adjacent material thickness of the component, characterised in that the enlargement of the hole wall is constructed by punch-moulding a support nose (9), which is arranged on one side on the loading side (8) of the hole (6) and whose support surface (10) matches a corresponding wall region of the hole (6) in a substantially geometrically true fashion.
2. A strut, more particularly a ceiling strut for construction purposes, with two strut elements (1, 3), which can be telescoped relative to one another and are lockable via a pin/hole connection (4, 6) at least relative to a loading direction (A), the wall of the holes (6) being enlarged in at least one strut element (3) relative to an adjacent profile thickness of the respective strut element (3), characterised in that the enlargement of the hole wall is constructed by punch-moulding a support nose (9), which is arranged on one side on the loading side (8) of the hole (6) and whose support surface (10) matches a corresponding wall region of the hole (6) in a substantially geometrically true fashion.
3. A strut according to claim 2, characterised in that the holes (6) have a circular shape and the support nose (9) has a matching sickle shape.
4. A strut according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the strut elements (1, 3) are manufactured from metal, preferably steel.
5. A method for manufacturing a hole (6) for a pin/hole connection (4, 6) loadable in a given loading direction (A) of a strut according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterised by the following steps:

   a) punching of a hole (6) with a predetermined clearance (S) between moulding ram (16) and die (11) in the region of the subsequent loading side (8) of the wall of the hole (6) in order to form a predetermined burr (26);

   b) secondary moulding of the burr (26) by a pressing procedure in order to form a support nose (9) with a support surface (10), which matches a corresponding wall region of the hole (6) in a substantially geometrically true fashion.
6. A method according to claim 5, characterised in that the steps a) and b) are carried out by the same moulding ram (16).
7. A method according to claim 5 or 6, characterised by the step:
   c) calibration of the hole (6) at least in the region of the loading side (8) and support surface (10).
8. A method according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterised in that the steps a), b) and c) are carried out by the same moulding ram (16).
9. A device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterised by a die (11) and a moulding ram (16), which can be driven into an opening (12) of the die (11), for punching the hole (6) from a workpiece (17), a predetermined clearance (S) being provided between the opening (12) and a punching region (18) of the moulding ram in the region of the subsequent loading side (8) of the hole wall of the hole (6) which is to be punched in order to form a predetermined burr (26), and a pressing device for the secondary moulding of the burr (26) into a support nose (9) with a support surface (10), which matches a corresponding wall region of the hole (6) in a substantially geometrically true fashion.
10. A device according to claim 9, characterised in that the pressing device is constructed as a pressing region (19), which is arranged on the moulding ram (16) above the punching region (18) and during the pressing procedure presses the burr (26) into a moulding hollow (21) arranged at the upper edge of the opening (12) in the die (11) in order to form the support nose (9).
11. A device according to claim 9 or 10, characterised in that a calibrating device is provided, which calibrates at least the hole (6) in the workpiece (17) in the region of the loading side (8) and the support surface (10).
12. A device according to claim 11, characterised in that the calibrating device is constructed as a calibrating region (20) with a calibrating cutting edge (23) arranged on the moulding ram (16) above the pressing region (19).
13. A device according to claim 12, characterised in that both the pressing region (19) as well as the calibrating region (20) can be introduced with a substantially precise fit with little clearance into the opening (12) of the die (11).
14. A device according to claim 10 and one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that the moulding hollow (21), in a plan view, has a sickle shape matching the opening (12).
15. A device according to one of claims 9 to 14, characterised in that the moulding ram (16) is arranged in a sprung guide plate (14) arranged above the die (11).

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