EP0770821A2 - Procédé et appareil pour l'élimination simultanée des matières pulvérulentes en vrac et autres déchets dans des installations de traitement thermique - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour l'élimination simultanée des matières pulvérulentes en vrac et autres déchets dans des installations de traitement thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0770821A2
EP0770821A2 EP96117012A EP96117012A EP0770821A2 EP 0770821 A2 EP0770821 A2 EP 0770821A2 EP 96117012 A EP96117012 A EP 96117012A EP 96117012 A EP96117012 A EP 96117012A EP 0770821 A2 EP0770821 A2 EP 0770821A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
bulk goods
lance
waste
flame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96117012A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0770821A3 (fr
EP0770821B1 (fr
Inventor
Wilfried Dipl.-Ing. Lissack
Holger Schöne
Frank-Michael Dr.-Ing. Müller
Hans-Georg Rückel
Norbert Dipl.-Ing. Hopf (Fh)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP0770821A2 publication Critical patent/EP0770821A2/fr
Publication of EP0770821A3 publication Critical patent/EP0770821A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0770821B1 publication Critical patent/EP0770821B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/085—High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/008—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor adapted for burning two or more kinds, e.g. liquid and solid, of waste being fed through separate inlets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/60—Separating
    • F23G2201/602—Separating different sizes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/70—Blending
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/20—Combustion to temperatures melting waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/20—Rotary drum furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/20—Waste feed arrangements using airblast or pneumatic feeding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/28—Plastics or rubber like materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/30—Solid combustion residues, e.g. bottom or flyash
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/30—Sorption devices using carbon, e.g. coke

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the simultaneous disposal of fine-grained, in particular dusty, bulk goods and other wastes in a thermal treatment stage, in particular in the combustion chamber of a waste incineration plant, and an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • Fine-grained, in particular dusty, pollutant-containing bulk goods occur in many production processes. Such dusts arise, for example, in dust separators of flue gas cleaning systems, such as. B. plastic dust and wood shavings, or as a consumed adsorbent in flue gas cleaning processes, such as. B. activated carbon, lime and activated carbon-lime mixtures.
  • a characteristic of this type of waste is the fact that it is produced as secondary products of the respective large-scale industrial process in relatively small quantities and is therefore mostly handled in containers (usually 200 I-drums, maximum silo vehicle). The majority of these bulk goods must be disposed of thermally (by burning or gasification) due to their degree of contamination.
  • the bulk goods are usually emptied into a storage bunker of a waste treatment plant and introduced with other waste in the storage bunker via a gripper into the respective combustion device (e.g. rotary tube or grate furnace).
  • a gripper e.g. rotary tube or grate furnace.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset and an apparatus for carrying out the method, by means of which the bulk materials can be disposed of economically while largely avoiding dust emissions.
  • This object is achieved on the process side according to the invention in that the fine-grained bulk goods are fed separately from all other waste to the treatment stage, the fine-grained bulk goods being fed via a separate feed to a burner arranged in the treatment stage and containing technically pure oxygen or a gas having a higher oxygen content than air is operated, and / or at least one lance which is supplied with technically pure oxygen or a gas which has a higher oxygen content than air is fed into the treatment stage and directly into the flame of the burner and / or the lance be introduced.
  • Bulk goods with a grain size of less than 0.5 mm, preferably less than 0.1 mm, particularly preferably less than 0.05 mm are advantageously used.
  • the bulk goods are preferably conveyed pneumatically through the feed into the flame of the burner and / or the lance.
  • the bulk materials are expediently introduced into the flame of the burner and / or the lance by blowing in a gas.
  • Low-nitrogen gases are preferably used, as a result of which excessive nitrogen oxide formation is avoided.
  • a fuel gas in particular natural gas, propane or butane, can also be used.
  • contaminated gas is e.g. B. from landfills or polluted exhaust air z. B. from tank systems for blowing bulk materials into the flame.
  • gases must be disposed of anyway, so that two disposal problems, or when using substances to be disposed of as additives, such as, for example, by simultaneous treatment with the bulk materials.
  • B. sewage sludge or pyrolysis residues, even three disposal problems can be solved simultaneously.
  • a dispersing and metering device as described in DE 42 25 483 C2, is preferably used to blow the bulk goods into the flame of the burner and / or the lance.
  • the bulk goods are introduced into the flame of the burner and / or the lance in the area of the thermal treatment stage, where the other wastes are introduced into the thermal treatment stage. Since many dusts, e.g. B. plastic dusts have a high calorific value, is achieved in that high temperatures prevail at the beginning of the thermal treatment of the materials, as a result of which the thermal treatment works more effectively overall.
  • many dusts e.g. B. plastic dusts have a high calorific value
  • a small burner operated with oxygen or an oxygen-enriched gas is sufficient for the combustion and / or melting of the bulk goods, as a result of which a serious shift in the temperature profile in the thermal treatment stage is excluded. Due to the use of oxygen or an oxygen-enriched gas, only low exhaust gas volume flows occur at high combustion temperatures. This means that the cleaning of the exhaust gases drawn off from the thermal treatment stage is hardly additionally burdened by the integrated dust treatment in the thermal treatment stage.
  • the technical oxygen is expediently produced on site in an air separator or a pressure swing adsorption system (PSA system) or made available in a storage tank.
  • PSA system pressure swing adsorption system
  • the bulk materials are preferably completely burned in the flame of the burner and / or the lance at temperatures of approximately 1,250 to approximately 1,500 ° C. and at ambient pressure.
  • the bulk materials can also be only partially oxidized in the flame, e.g. B. be subjected to gasification. There is also the option of melting the bulk goods in the flame or making thermal changes to the bulk goods.
  • Bulk materials with a high calorific value are preferred, in particular activated coke, plastic dust or shredder waste.
  • low calorific value waste or residual materials in particular lime or activated carbon-lime mixtures, are also mixed into the bulk goods.
  • Bulk materials with high calorific values can also be burned or melted in the flame even low-energy fine-grained, preferably contaminated waste or residues.
  • a device for carrying out the method consists of a thermal treatment device, in particular a furnace of a waste incineration plant, which has at least one feed device for the waste.
  • the object is achieved in that separate feed devices are provided for the fine-grained bulk goods on the one hand and the other wastes on the other hand, the feed device for the fine-grained bulk goods being connected to a burner arranged within the treatment device and / or at least one lance ending within the treatment device which is connected to a supply device for technically pure oxygen or a gas having a higher oxygen content than air.
  • the thermal treatment device is preferably designed as an incinerator.
  • the incineration plant expediently has grate firing, for example the incineration plant can be designed as a conventional waste incineration plant which works according to the steam-power process.
  • the treatment device can also be designed as a rotary kiln or as a combustion chamber.
  • the burner is preferably arranged in the vicinity of the feed device for the other waste and / or the lance ends in the vicinity of the feed device. Since the bulk goods (e.g. plastic dusts or activated carbon) often have a high calorific value, high temperatures are already reached in the entrance area of the treatment facility, which increases the overall effectiveness of the thermal treatment.
  • the bulk goods e.g. plastic dusts or activated carbon
  • the feed device for the fine-grained bulk goods is expediently designed as a line which is connected to a pneumatic conveying device which conveys the bulk goods directly through the line into the flame of the burner without dust emissions.
  • the burner and / or the lance is preceded by a metering device according to DE 42 25 483 C2.
  • the feed device for the bulk goods is connected to a storage container for a low calorific value waste or residual material.
  • a storage container for a low calorific value waste or residual material Basically, all non-combustible dusts that need to be treated are suitable as low calorific value waste or residues.
  • the method according to the invention and the device provided for carrying out the method are suitable for the treatment of all conceivable fine-grained bulk materials, in particular of polluted dusts, e.g. B. plastic dust, wood shavings or used adsorbent from flue gas cleaning processes such. B. activated carbon, lime, lime-activated carbon mixtures, etc.
  • B. activated carbon, lime, lime-activated carbon mixtures, etc. With the invention, such bulk goods can be disposed of without significant dust emissions in an economical manner.
  • the device according to the invention can easily be retrofitted in already existing plants for the thermal treatment of substances, in particular in conventional waste incineration plants.
  • Waste incineration plants that have grate firing and work according to the steam-power process are particularly suitable for retrofitting existing plants.
  • Rotary kilns, for. B. of special waste incineration plants are suitable for retrofitting.
  • use of the invention in special combustion chambers is conceivable.
  • the figure shows the flow diagram of a waste incineration plant with integrated activated carbon disposal.
  • a combustion chamber of a waste incineration plant which works according to the usual steam power process. Waste to be incinerated, in particular special waste, is fed to the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant via a feed 2.
  • the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant has a grate furnace, not shown in the figure.
  • solid and / or molten combustion particles are formed, which are deposited as slag in a part of the combustion chamber 1 facing away from the waste supply 2.
  • the slag is discharged from the combustion chamber 1 together with the other solid combustion residues via a fume hood 3.
  • Combustion gases produced during combustion of the waste materials in the combustion chamber 1 are fed to a flue gas cleaning system 6 via an exhaust gas line 5.
  • the flue gas cleaning 6 functions as a pollutant sink in the entire combustion process.
  • the exhaust gas is then fed via exhaust line 8 to an adsorption stage 9 which acts as a police filter and in which fine-grained activated carbon is used for the adsorption of environmentally relevant gas constituents.
  • the cleaned exhaust gas finally leaves the system via line 10.
  • a screening device 16 provides for the separation of coarse-grained components, which are introduced directly into the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration system via line 17 together with the waste supplied via line 2.
  • the fine-grained fractions are fed in by means of a funnel 18 to a screw conveyor 19, which feeds the fine-grained bulk goods to a bulk material throttle device 20, which is constructed according to DE 42 25 483 C2.
  • the bulk material throttle device 20 dispenses the fine-grained bulk goods into a feed line 21, via which the bulk goods are conducted to the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant.
  • a solid fuel burner 11 is arranged on the waste entry side of the combustion chamber 1.
  • the solid fuel burner 11 is with technically pure oxygen, which in one Liquid oxygen tank, not shown, is provided and supplied to the burner via an oxygen line 12.
  • the dusts are completely burned at a temperature of approximately 1,350 ° C. and ambient pressure within the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant. This creates molten combustion particles and combustion exhaust gas, which increases the exhaust gas volume flow from the combustion chamber 1 only insignificantly.
  • the molten combustion particles are deposited in a cool part of the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant and are discharged from FIG. 1 together with the other solid combustion products.
  • the pollutants contained in the activated carbon are destroyed as a result of the combustion process in the flame or converted into the gas phase and fed to the flue gas cleaning system 6 with the other combustion gases.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
EP96117012A 1995-10-26 1996-10-23 Procédé et appareil pour l'élimination simultanée des matières pulvérulentes en vrac et autres déchets dans des installations de traitement thermique Expired - Lifetime EP0770821B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19539949 1995-10-26
DE19539949A DE19539949C2 (de) 1995-10-26 1995-10-26 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur simultanen Entsorgung von feinkörnigen Schüttgütern und sonstigen Abfällen in thermischen Abfallbehandlungsanlagen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0770821A2 true EP0770821A2 (fr) 1997-05-02
EP0770821A3 EP0770821A3 (fr) 1998-09-02
EP0770821B1 EP0770821B1 (fr) 2002-12-18

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96117012A Expired - Lifetime EP0770821B1 (fr) 1995-10-26 1996-10-23 Procédé et appareil pour l'élimination simultanée des matières pulvérulentes en vrac et autres déchets dans des installations de traitement thermique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0770821B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE230094T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19539949C2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0770822A3 (fr) * 1995-10-26 1998-09-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et appareil pour le traitement thermique des matières pulvérulentes en vrac
EP0770823A3 (fr) * 1995-10-26 1998-09-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et appareil pour l'élimination intégrée des poussières de filtrage dans des installations de traitement thermique

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4225483C2 (de) 1992-08-01 1994-11-24 Kretschmer Horst Dr Ing Schüttgutdrosselvorrichtung zum Entspannen, Ausschleusen, Dosieren, Dispergieren und Fördern feinkörniger Schüttgüter

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3500810A1 (de) * 1985-01-11 1986-07-17 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Verfahren zum verbrennen eines staubfoermigen brennstoffes
DE3512810A1 (de) * 1985-04-10 1986-10-23 Dyckerhoff Engineering GmbH, 6200 Wiesbaden Verfahren und anlage zur verbrennung von abfallstoffen
ES2041878T3 (es) * 1989-04-13 1993-12-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procedimiento y dispositivo para reducir la expulsion de substancias nocivas en una instalacion incineradora.
DE4026245A1 (de) * 1990-08-18 1992-02-20 Hpm Technocommerz Technologie Verfahren zur thermischen behandlung von abfaellen und reststoffen
DE4107200A1 (de) * 1991-03-06 1992-09-10 Siemens Ag Verfahren und anlage zur thermischen abfallbehandlung
DE4109063C2 (de) * 1991-03-20 1993-12-23 Noell Dbi Energie Entsorgung Verfahren zur gleichzeitigen Verwertung von stückigen und fließfähigen brennbaren Abfallstoffen und Rückständen
AT402339B (de) * 1993-12-13 1997-04-25 Austrian Energy & Environment Verfahren zur verbrennung von mit schadstoffen aus der abgasreinigung beladenen adsorbentien
DE19539946C2 (de) * 1995-10-26 2002-03-28 Linde Gas Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur integrierten Entsorgung von Filterstäuben in thermischen Behandlungsanlagen
DE19539932C2 (de) * 1995-10-26 2001-05-10 Linde Gas Ag Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung feinkörniger Schüttgüter

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4225483C2 (de) 1992-08-01 1994-11-24 Kretschmer Horst Dr Ing Schüttgutdrosselvorrichtung zum Entspannen, Ausschleusen, Dosieren, Dispergieren und Fördern feinkörniger Schüttgüter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0770822A3 (fr) * 1995-10-26 1998-09-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et appareil pour le traitement thermique des matières pulvérulentes en vrac
EP0770823A3 (fr) * 1995-10-26 1998-09-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et appareil pour l'élimination intégrée des poussières de filtrage dans des installations de traitement thermique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE230094T1 (de) 2003-01-15
DE19539949C2 (de) 2002-10-02
EP0770821A3 (fr) 1998-09-02
DE59609997D1 (de) 2003-01-30
DE19539949A1 (de) 1997-04-30
EP0770821B1 (fr) 2002-12-18

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