EP0780876A2 - Système d'entraînnement pour anode tournante de tube à rayons X - Google Patents

Système d'entraînnement pour anode tournante de tube à rayons X Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0780876A2
EP0780876A2 EP96203420A EP96203420A EP0780876A2 EP 0780876 A2 EP0780876 A2 EP 0780876A2 EP 96203420 A EP96203420 A EP 96203420A EP 96203420 A EP96203420 A EP 96203420A EP 0780876 A2 EP0780876 A2 EP 0780876A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stator
rotor
drive device
ray tube
rotating anode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96203420A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0780876A3 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Dr.-Ing. Philips Pat.Verw.Gmbh Gerling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH
Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19621707A external-priority patent/DE19621707A1/de
Application filed by Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH, Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV, Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH
Publication of EP0780876A2 publication Critical patent/EP0780876A2/fr
Publication of EP0780876A3 publication Critical patent/EP0780876A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
    • H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
    • H01J35/101—Arrangements for rotating anodes, e.g. supporting means, means for greasing, means for sealing the axle or means for shielding or protecting the driving

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drive device for a rotating anode of an X-ray tube with a drive motor having a stator and a rotor driving the rotating anode, the stator and the rotor being separated by a gap and the stator having grooves whose opening circumference for driving a bipolar X-ray tube is dimensioned.
  • a bipolar X-ray tube is an X-ray tube whose anode has a positive potential with respect to the earth potential and whose cathode has a negative potential with respect to the earth potential. If the rotor together with the rotating anode is at a high electrical potential and the stator is at ground potential, the necessary potential separation is ensured by a correspondingly large gap between the stator and the rotor.
  • the opening circumference of the slots of the stator is chosen to be as large as possible.
  • the circumferential path between two adjacent pole tooth corners facing the gap of two adjacent pole teeth is referred to as the opening circumference of the stator slots.
  • An X-ray tube in which the rotating anode is coupled to earth potential and only the cathode potential deviates from the earth potential is called a unipolar X-ray tube.
  • the rotating anode, the stator and the rotor are therefore coupled to the ground potential. Since the gap between the stator and the rotor does not have to ensure potential isolation, it can be chosen to be as small as possible in order to achieve the best possible to achieve magnetic coupling between the stator and rotor.
  • the opening circumference of the grooves of the stator specially designed for driving a unipolar X-ray tube can be selected to be very small without a significant proportion of the magnetic flux coming from the stator being directed from one pole tooth of the stator to an adjacent pole tooth of the stator.
  • a separate drive motor is used for the bipolar and the unipolar operated X-ray tube.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that when a unipolar X-ray tube is driven, the rotor diameter and thus the gap are dimensioned such that the efficiency or the torque of the drive device is in a maximum range.
  • the stator which is dimensioned for driving a bipolar X-ray tube, is used for driving the unipolar X-ray tube, while the rotor, which is less complex in its mechanical design, is specifically dimensioned for driving a unipolar X-ray tube.
  • the stator whose opening circumference of the grooves is dimensioned for driving a bipolar X-ray tube, can be used both for driving a bipolar X-ray tube and for driving a unipolar X-ray tube, while a separate rotor is constructed for the unipolar X-ray tube and the bipolar X-ray tube becomes.
  • the rotor is dimensioned for driving a unipolar X-ray tube so that the gap between the stator and the rotor is in the Reduced compared to the gap dimensioned for a bipolar X-ray tube.
  • This increases the flux linkage between the stator and rotor.
  • the gap must not be chosen to be as small as is mechanically permissible, because then the harmonics generated by the stator slots with their large opening circumference penetrate deep into the rotor and cause strong eddy currents there.
  • the size of the gap can be optimized in terms of efficiency or in terms of torque. The optimum of these two parameters is not necessarily the same gap size.
  • the maximum range represents a range of the gap size, which is selected so that it lies in a favorable range between a range of larger gap size, in which the flux linkage between stator and rotor is small, and a range of smaller gap size , in which large losses occur due to harmonics in the rotor.
  • the opening circumference of the grooves of the stator is in a range between 8 mm and 25 mm and that the gap between the stator and rotor is 15% to 35% of the opening circumference of the grooves.
  • the anode potential and the rotor potential are typically in a range from 40 kV to 75 kV.
  • a gap between the stator and the rotor in a range of 8 mm to 25 mm is typically required.
  • the opening circumference of the stator slots is dimensioned according to the size of this gap. Usually it is chosen to be the same size or slightly larger than the gap between the stator and rotor, ie the potential anode is between 40 kV and 75 kV Opening circumference of the stator slots typically in a range between 8 mm and 25 mm.
  • the gap between the stator and rotor should be 15% to 35% of the opening circumference of the stator slots. With a smaller gap, the losses caused by the harmonics in the rotor increase sharply, while with a larger gap the flux linkage between the stator and the rotor is greatly reduced. Both reduce efficiency and usable torque.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the rotor has two cylinders, the cylinder facing the stator made of electrically highly conductive material, e.g. Copper, and the cylinder facing away from the stator is made of a magnetically highly conductive material, e.g. Iron exists.
  • a direct connection of the two cylinders is only possible with internal rotor rotors if the temperature load does not exceed certain limits; With external rotor rotors, higher temperatures can be permitted in the rotor materials.
  • the rotor consists of a hollow cylinder made of electrically highly conductive material, for example copper, and that there is a fixed cylinder made of magnetically well-conductive material, for example iron, inside this hollow cylinder, these two Cylinders are separated by an additional gap.
  • the rotor is vacuum-separated from the stator by means of a non-magnetic separating layer, which at the same time supports the stator plate, the separating layer preferably being made of nickel-chromium steel, ceramic or glass.
  • the drive device according to the invention can preferably be used for driving a rotating anode of an X-ray tube.
  • Fig. 1 shows a drive motor for a rotating anode, not shown, of a bipolar X-ray tube, not shown.
  • the drive motor has a stator 10 with grooves 11 and stator teeth 12, the flanks of which are designated 12a. In the grooves 11 of the stator 10 windings, not shown, are inserted, which generate a magnetic field 13 during operation.
  • the rotor 15 is separated from the stator 10 by a relatively large air or vacuum gap 16.
  • the rotor 15 has a rotor shaft 15a for driving the rotating anode, not shown.
  • the rotating anode, not shown is coupled to a high potential of, for example, 75 kV.
  • the rotor 15 driving the rotating anode by means of the rotor shaft 15a is also coupled to this high potential of 75 kV, while the stator 10 is coupled to ground potential. Therefore, the relatively large air gap 16 is required for the potential separation between stator 10 and rotor 15. So that the flux emanating from the stator 10 is directed as directly as possible radially inward onto the rotor 15, the opening circumference 17 of the grooves 15 is chosen to be as large as possible. If the rotating anode and rotor 15 are operated at a potential of +75 kV, as in the exemplary embodiment described here, a typical value for the size of the air gap is 15 mm.
  • the opening circumference 17 of the stator slots 11 is of the same order of magnitude as the air gap size, for example in a range from 10 mm to 20 mm.
  • both the stator 10 and the rotor 15 are therefore dimensioned for driving a bipolar X-ray tube, that is to say that the rotor 15 and the rotating anode, not shown, are coupled to a high potential, a cathode of the X-ray tube, not shown is coupled to a high negative potential and the stator 10 is coupled to ground potential.
  • FIG. 2 shows a drive motor for a rotating anode, not shown, of a unipolar X-ray tube, not shown.
  • the rotating anode not shown
  • the stator of the drive motor shown in FIG. 2 is identical to the stator 10 of the drive motor shown in FIG. 1.
  • the same numbering as in FIG. 1 is therefore used for the stator shown in FIG. 2.
  • the drive motor shown in FIG. 2 accordingly has a stator 10 with grooves 11 and stator teeth 12, the flanks of which are designated by 12a. Windings (not shown) are inserted into the slots 11, which generate a magnetic field 20 during operation, which is different from the magnetic field 13 shown in FIG. 1, since the drive motor shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 has different rotor 21.
  • the rotor 21 is separated from the stator 10 by a significantly smaller air or vacuum gap 22. It has a rotor shaft 21a for driving the rotating anode, not shown. Since the drive motor shown in FIG. 2 is used to drive a unipolar X-ray tube, the rotating anode, not shown, the rotor 21 and the stator 10 are at ground potential. Since the gap 22 no longer has to ensure potential separation between the stator 10 and the rotor 21 like the gap 16 shown in FIG. 1, it can be dimensioned correspondingly smaller. This results in a better coupling of the magnetic field generated by the windings (not shown) inserted into the slots 11 with the rotor 21.
  • the gap 22 must not be dimensioned as small as mechanically possible, because then the harmonics caused by the large opening circumference 17 of the stator slots 11 in the rotor 21 cause considerable losses and the torque of the drive motor is reduced.
  • there is good efficiency or good torque of the drive motor shown in FIG. 2 if the gap 22 between stator 10 and rotor 21 is 15% to 35% of the opening circumference 17 of the stator slots 11.
  • FIG. 3 shows the efficiency or the torque of the drive motor shown in FIG. 2, which is used for driving a unipolar X-ray tube, as a function of the size of the gap 22 between the stator 10 and the rotor 21. It can be seen that there is a poor efficiency or a poor torque in a first region I because the losses caused by harmonics in the rotor 21 are very large. Area I is followed by a maximum area II in which a good efficiency or a good torque of the drive motor is achieved. This maximum area II is followed by an area III in which the drive motor has poor efficiency or poor torque, since the flux linkage between stator 10 and rotor 21 is greatly reduced due to the large gap 22.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a bipolar X-ray tube with a vacuum piston 31.
  • a cathode arrangement 32 which has feed lines 34, 35 and 36 which lead to hot cathodes 37 and 38.
  • feed lines 34, 35 and 36 which lead to hot cathodes 37 and 38.
  • electron beams 39 and / or 40 can be directed from these hot cathodes 37 and 38 to a rotating anode 33.
  • the cathode arrangement 32 is coupled to a negative high potential of, for example, -75 kV.
  • the rotary anode 33 is connected via an axis 41 to the rotor 15 according to FIG. 1, which is mounted on a connecting piece 42.
  • the stator 10 according to FIG. 1 is located on the outside of the vacuum piston 1. As in FIG. 1, the rotor 15 and stator 10 are separated by the air gap 16.
  • the rotating anode 33 and the rotor 15 are coupled to a high positive potential of, for example, 75 kV, while the stator 10 is coupled to earth potential. Therefore, the relatively large air gap 16 is required for the potential separation between stator 10 and rotor 15.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a unipolar X-ray tube which is constructed essentially according to the bipolar X-ray tube shown in FIG. 4. Accordingly, it has a vacuum piston 43 on which a cathode arrangement 44 is arranged.
  • the cathode arrangement 44 is coupled to a negative potential of, for example, -75 kV.
  • the cathode arrangement 44 has feed lines 45, 46 and 47 which lead to hot cathodes 48 and 49.
  • electron beams 50 and / or 51 can be directed from these to a rotating anode 52.
  • the rotating anode 52 is connected via an axis 53 to the rotor 21 according to FIG. 2, which is mounted on a connecting piece 54.
  • the stator 10 To drive the rotor 21, the stator 10 according to FIG. 2 is arranged on the outside of the vacuum piston 43. Rotating anode 52, rotor 21 and stator 10 are coupled to ground potential. Accordingly, the rotor 21 is separated from the stator 10 by an air gap or vacuum gap 22 which is significantly smaller than the air gap 16 from FIG. 4.
  • the stator 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 which is dimensioned for driving a bipolar X-ray tube and accordingly has a large opening circumference 17 of the stator slots 11, both for driving a bipolar X-ray tube and for to use the drive of a unipolar x-ray tube.
  • the rotor 15 shown in FIG. 1 is used for driving a bipolar X-ray tube, which ensures a relatively large gap 16 between the stator 10 and the rotor 15.
  • the rotor 21 shown in FIG. 2, which has a smaller gap 22, is used to drive a unipolar X-ray tube. When dimensioning this gap 22, there is an optimal value for the size of this gap 22, at which there is a maximum torque or a maximum efficiency of the drive motor for driving a unipolar X-ray tube.

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
EP96203420A 1995-12-23 1996-12-03 Système d'entraínnement pour anode tournante de tube à rayons X Withdrawn EP0780876A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19548693 1995-12-23
DE19548693 1995-12-23
DE19621707 1996-05-30
DE19621707A DE19621707A1 (de) 1995-12-23 1996-05-30 Antriebsvorrichtung für eine Drehanode einer Röntgenröhre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0780876A2 true EP0780876A2 (fr) 1997-06-25
EP0780876A3 EP0780876A3 (fr) 1997-12-10

Family

ID=26021704

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EP96203420A Withdrawn EP0780876A3 (fr) 1995-12-23 1996-12-03 Système d'entraínnement pour anode tournante de tube à rayons X

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5781609A (fr)
EP (1) EP0780876A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPH09190787A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014204771A1 (de) * 2014-03-14 2015-09-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Röntgenstrahler

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE0100044D0 (sv) * 2001-01-09 2001-01-09 Autoliv Ab Säkerhetsbältesrelaterat arrangemang
US20030210764A1 (en) * 2002-05-10 2003-11-13 Tekletsadik Kasegn Dubale Pulsed power application for x-ray tube
WO2009006592A2 (fr) 2007-07-05 2009-01-08 Newton Scientific, Inc. Système de source de rayons x à haute tension compact et procédé pour applications de contrôle radiographique
CN119948591A (zh) * 2022-07-27 2025-05-06 万睿视影像有限公司 双端x射线管的电动马达

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8801941U1 (de) * 1988-02-15 1989-06-15 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Röntgenröhre
US5386451A (en) * 1993-08-30 1995-01-31 General Electric Company Anode potential stator design
DE9415240U1 (de) * 1994-09-20 1994-11-10 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 20097 Hamburg Antriebsvorrichtung für eine Drehanode einer Röntgenröhre

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014204771A1 (de) * 2014-03-14 2015-09-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Röntgenstrahler
DE102014204771B4 (de) * 2014-03-14 2017-04-13 Siemens Healthcare Gmbh Röntgenstrahler

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Publication number Publication date
EP0780876A3 (fr) 1997-12-10
US5781609A (en) 1998-07-14
JPH09190787A (ja) 1997-07-22

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