EP0783190A1 - Antenne passive x-y-z pour transpondeur - Google Patents

Antenne passive x-y-z pour transpondeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0783190A1
EP0783190A1 EP97100021A EP97100021A EP0783190A1 EP 0783190 A1 EP0783190 A1 EP 0783190A1 EP 97100021 A EP97100021 A EP 97100021A EP 97100021 A EP97100021 A EP 97100021A EP 0783190 A1 EP0783190 A1 EP 0783190A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
coil
transponder
oriented
signals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97100021A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0783190B1 (fr
Inventor
JOSEF H. SCHüRMANN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Texas Instruments Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Texas Instruments Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Texas Instruments Deutschland GmbH filed Critical Texas Instruments Deutschland GmbH
Publication of EP0783190A1 publication Critical patent/EP0783190A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0783190B1 publication Critical patent/EP0783190B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H01Q7/06—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop with core of ferromagnetic material
    • H01Q7/08—Ferrite rod or like elongated core
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to electronic circuits, and more particularly to a passive entry X-Y-Z transponder or reader antenna.
  • the effectiveness of conventional antennas for transmission and reception may vary according to a number of factors relating to the antenna environment, including the orientation of the antenna relative to the reader and the modulated RF carrier signal. If a conventional transponder antenna is improperly aligned relative to the reader, the incoming or outgoing RF carrier signal may be degraded and the data represented by the signal misinterpreted.
  • an omnidirectional transponder antenna which substantially eliminates or reduces disadvantages or problems associated with prior art transponders and antennas.
  • the three antenna coils comprise one preferably flat air coil and two ferrite antenna coils, with the ferrite coils oriented at different angles relative to each other.
  • Each antenna is coupled to a resonant tuning circuit having LC's, and, when the antenna is receiving RF signals, the DC voltages from the tuning circuits are superimposed and added in order to construct a single supply voltage.
  • one air coil may be used with one ferrite antenna coil.
  • FIG. 1 is a graphical representation of one arrangement of antennas according to the present invention.
  • one embodiment of the invention comprises an air coil 10, shown here oriented in the Y direction, and one or more ferrite coil antennas.
  • FIG. 1 shows two such ferrite coil antennas 12 and 14, oriented in the X and Z directions, respectively.
  • the ferrite antennas are therefore oriented approximately 90 degrees relative to each other, and from the air coil 10.
  • the ferrite antennas 12 and 14 may be of any conventional construction, such as antennas used in conventional automobile-type transponders.
  • the individual air coil 10 and the ferrite antenna coils 12 and 14 have a dipole-type pattern with maxima and minima.
  • a transponder unit is able to effectively receive and reconstruct RF carrier signals which are oriented in any direction relative to the transponder with minimal degradation.
  • the strength of a received RF signal would vary according to whether the antenna was properly aligned in the plane of the signal. Even if the antenna were located adjacent a maxima of the carrier signal, the antenna's ability to receive the signal accurately could be reduced significantly if the antenna were improperly oriented relative to the plane of the signal.
  • a transponder antenna constructed according to the present invention is suitable for a wide range of applications for which conventional antenna arrangements are inadequate, such as applications in which either the transponder or reader unit, or both, are moveable relative to each other, including, for example, when the transponder or reader units are mounted on vehicles or carried by human beings.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an example of three antennas 10, 12 and 14 mounted within a transponder unit in order to achieve the arrangement depicted in the graphical representation of FIG. 1.
  • ferrite coil antennas 12 and 14 are oriented with the longitudinal axis of the coils oriented in the X and Z directions, respectively.
  • the direction of flux or transmission for ferrite coil antennas lies along this longitudinal axis (in a direction relative to the coil indicated by the "right-hand rule", or parallel to the "barrel" of the generally tubular coil), so that orienting the coils 12 and 14 along these axes will cause the coils 12 and 14 to transmit and receive RF carrier signals along the X and Z axes, respectively.
  • Air coil 10 is positioned within the transponder unit as shown in FIG. 2.
  • Air coil 10 is a generally flat planar coil which operates such that the direction of flux (the direction in which signals are transmitted from and received by the coil) is perpendicular to the plane of the coil.
  • the generally flat planar shape of air coil 10 permits antennas 10, 12 and 14 to be arranged so that the ferrite coils 12 and 14 lie in generally the same plane as air coil 10, so that the antenna arrangement occupies very little space. Since the arrangement depicted in FIG. 2 does not occupy a significant amount of space in the Y-direction, the coil arrangement of the present invention therefore may be used in smaller and thinner (for example, hand-held) transponders than can conventional antenna arrangements, while still enabling the transponder to effectively transmit and receive omnidirectionally.
  • FIGs. 2A and 2B illustrate alternative embodiments of the present invention in which only one ferrite coil antenna is provided in combination with the air coil 10.
  • FIG. 2A shows the air coil 10 aligned in the Z-direction, in combination with one ferrite coil antenna aligned in the Y-direction.
  • FIG. 2B shows an air coil 10 aligned in the Z-direction in combination with a ferrite air coil aligned in the X-direction.
  • the alignment of the antennas shown in FIGs. 2, 2A and 2B could be altered without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate arrangements of resonant tuning circuits that may be used with the antennas depicted in FIG. 2.
  • each resonant tuning circuit comprises an inductor, a capacitor, and a diode.
  • Each of the antennas 10, 12 and 14, are coupled independently to a separate resonant tuning circuit, and the three resonant tuning circuits are coupled together either in series, as shown in FIG. 3, or in parallel, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 3 shows three resonant tuning circuits coupled in series.
  • Each resonant tuning circuit comprises an inductor and a capacitor, and the three resonant tuning circuits are coupled together with diodes.
  • Points 20, 22 and 24 indicate where an oscillator and/or modulator circuit (described below) may be coupled when the transponder antenna is adapted to transmit signals.
  • FIG. 3A is a block diagram depicting the antenna arrangement when the circuits are coupled in series.
  • FIG. 3B is a block diagram depicting the antenna arrangement when two circuits are coupled in series.
  • FIG. 4 shows three resonant tuning circuits coupled in parallel.
  • each resonant tuning circuit comprises an inductor and a capacitor, and the three resonant tuning circuits are coupled together with diodes.
  • Points 20, 22 and 24 indicate where an oscillator and/or modulator circuit (described below) may be coupled when the transponder antenna is adapted to transmit signals.
  • FIG. 4A is a block diagram of an antenna arrangement when the circuits are coupled in parallel.
  • FIG. 4B is a block diagram depicting the antenna arrangement when two circuits are coupled in parallel.
  • a similar antenna arrangement may also be provided in a reader unit, in order ro provide omnidirectionality at a remote location.
  • the three antennas 10, 12 and 14 operate to independently receive components of the carrier signal oriented in the Y, X and Z directions, respectively.
  • the received signals are passed to the resonant tuning circuit connected to each antenna.
  • the series arrangement of the resonant tuning circuits shown in FIG. 3 act to superimpose and add the DC voltage components of the received carrier signal, to reconstruct the signal components into a single DC voltage signal representative of the signal which was transmitted from the remote location.
  • the parallel arrangement of the resonant tuning circuits shown in FIG. 4 operates such that the highest induced voltage either supplies all RF circuits, or supplies only the RF circuit having the highest individual voltage.
  • each of the antennas 10, 12 and 14 may be independently coupled either to a modulated oscillator, or to a passive reactance modulator.
  • FIG. 5 shows a reactance modulator circuit configured in a full-duplex, back scatter mode, that may be coupled to each of the antennas 10, 12 or 14, and
  • FIG. 6 shows a circuit for a modulated active oscillator which may also be used.
  • the reader unit may be provided with two or three air coil antennas oriented in different directions, instead of a single air coil in combination with one or two ferrite coil antennas.

Landscapes

  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP19970100021 1996-01-02 1997-01-02 Antenne passive x-y-z pour transpondeur Expired - Lifetime EP0783190B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US947896P 1996-01-02 1996-01-02
US9478 1996-01-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0783190A1 true EP0783190A1 (fr) 1997-07-09
EP0783190B1 EP0783190B1 (fr) 2001-10-04

Family

ID=21737899

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19970100021 Expired - Lifetime EP0783190B1 (fr) 1996-01-02 1997-01-02 Antenne passive x-y-z pour transpondeur

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EP (1) EP0783190B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69707024T2 (fr)

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19718423A1 (de) * 1997-04-30 1998-11-05 Siemens Ag Tragbarer Signalempfänger
EP0903456A1 (fr) * 1997-09-11 1999-03-24 Delco Electronics Corporation Récepteur destiné à un système télécommandé d'entrée sans clef pour véhicules automobiles
EP0898255A3 (fr) * 1997-08-22 1999-12-22 Uni Electronics Industry Co., Ltd. Etiquette pour la prévention du vol
FR2812427A1 (fr) * 2000-07-28 2002-02-01 Inside Technologies Etiquette electronique sans contact pour objet tridimensionnel
EP1178170A1 (fr) * 2000-08-04 2002-02-06 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Système de commande à distance pour véhicule automobile avec une antenne de réception améliorée
FR2813256A1 (fr) * 2000-08-25 2002-03-01 Siemens Ag Systeme antivol pour vehicule automobile et procede de mise en oeuvre d'un tel systeme antivol
EP1189306A1 (fr) * 2000-09-19 2002-03-20 Land Rover Système de sécurité
EP1313169A3 (fr) * 2001-11-15 2003-09-03 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Antenne récéptrice et méthode d'agencement pour cet antenne d' un dispositif de communication
EP1313168A3 (fr) * 2001-11-15 2003-09-03 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Méthode d 'agencement d'une antenne réceptrice d'un dispositif de communication
WO2003034349A3 (fr) * 2001-10-18 2003-11-06 Microchip Tech Inc Reduction de la directivite de l'orientation et amelioration de la distance de fonctionnement des bobines de detecteurs magnetiques dans un champ magnetique
ES2200652A1 (es) * 2001-11-07 2004-03-01 Predan S A Antena monolitica con sensibilidad en los tres ejes para aplicaciones en transpondedores para automocion.
EP1083280A3 (fr) * 1999-09-10 2004-03-10 Kiekert Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif d'actionnement et/ou de fermeture sans clé, notamment pour véhicule automobile
US6721611B2 (en) 1997-09-17 2004-04-13 Logitech Europe S.A. Antenna system and apparatus for radio-frequency wireless keyboard
DE10192529B4 (de) * 2000-07-19 2004-05-13 Logitech Europe S.A. Antennensystem
US6799722B2 (en) 2001-12-04 2004-10-05 Balluff Gmbh Code carrier device
WO2004107276A1 (fr) * 2003-06-03 2004-12-09 Huf Hülsbeck & Fürst Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif de controle d'acces electronique
EP1136955A3 (fr) * 2000-03-20 2006-04-05 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards GmbH Dispositif pour un système d'accès sécurisé
DE102011050129A1 (de) 2011-05-05 2012-11-08 Maxim Integrated Gmbh Transponder
DE102011051456A1 (de) 2011-06-30 2013-01-03 Maxim Integrated Gmbh Transponder
DE10162907B4 (de) * 2000-12-21 2013-01-17 Lear Corp. Fernzugriffsvorrichtung mit induktiver Mehrfachrahmenantenne
US8494600B2 (en) 2005-02-17 2013-07-23 Nxp B.V. Mobile communication device
EP2709074A1 (fr) * 2012-09-12 2014-03-19 Aug. Winkhaus GmbH & Co. KG Clé dotée d'une puce de transpondeur et de deux antennes raccordées à la puce transpondeur
JP2015130566A (ja) * 2014-01-07 2015-07-16 株式会社リコー アンテナ装置及び機器
US10096902B2 (en) 2013-04-22 2018-10-09 Infineon Technologies Ag Antenna arrangement, communication appliance and antenna structure
US10423870B2 (en) 2014-05-14 2019-09-24 Infineon Technologies Ag Communication module
US11442194B2 (en) * 2017-04-14 2022-09-13 The Charles Machine Works, Inc. System for locating a utility with a downhole beacon

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10359701A1 (de) * 2003-12-18 2005-07-14 Volkswagen Ag Funkantenne
DE102006009802A1 (de) * 2005-10-14 2007-04-19 Toni Dick RFID-Transponder mit mindestens zwei Antennen

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1511126A (en) * 1975-06-10 1978-05-17 Bendix Corp Combination loop and sense antenna for adf receiver
US4155091A (en) * 1977-09-12 1979-05-15 Iec Electronics Corporation Compact omnidirectional antenna array
DE2948033A1 (de) * 1979-11-29 1981-06-04 Jauch, Heinz, Dr., 7720 Schwenningen Ferritantenne
US4278980A (en) * 1978-03-30 1981-07-14 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Antenna input circuit for radio receiver
JPS60201702A (ja) * 1984-03-27 1985-10-12 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd フエライトアンテナコイル
EP0350006A2 (fr) * 1988-07-05 1990-01-10 Nec Corporation Structure d'antenne pour appareil radio portable
EP0414628A2 (fr) * 1989-08-25 1991-02-27 George W. Kaltner Antennes en cadre multiples alimentées individuellement pour systèmes de sécurité électronique
DE4105826A1 (de) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-05 Valeo Securite Habitacle Extra flache kreispolarisationsantenne, insbesondere fuer eine in einem kraftfahrzeug eingebaute fernsteuerung
EP0689301A1 (fr) * 1994-06-24 1995-12-27 Telediffusion De France Système d'antennes d'émission-réception omnidirectionnel à diversité angulaire et de polarisation

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1511126A (en) * 1975-06-10 1978-05-17 Bendix Corp Combination loop and sense antenna for adf receiver
US4155091A (en) * 1977-09-12 1979-05-15 Iec Electronics Corporation Compact omnidirectional antenna array
US4278980A (en) * 1978-03-30 1981-07-14 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Antenna input circuit for radio receiver
DE2948033A1 (de) * 1979-11-29 1981-06-04 Jauch, Heinz, Dr., 7720 Schwenningen Ferritantenne
JPS60201702A (ja) * 1984-03-27 1985-10-12 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd フエライトアンテナコイル
EP0350006A2 (fr) * 1988-07-05 1990-01-10 Nec Corporation Structure d'antenne pour appareil radio portable
EP0414628A2 (fr) * 1989-08-25 1991-02-27 George W. Kaltner Antennes en cadre multiples alimentées individuellement pour systèmes de sécurité électronique
DE4105826A1 (de) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-05 Valeo Securite Habitacle Extra flache kreispolarisationsantenne, insbesondere fuer eine in einem kraftfahrzeug eingebaute fernsteuerung
EP0689301A1 (fr) * 1994-06-24 1995-12-27 Telediffusion De France Système d'antennes d'émission-réception omnidirectionnel à diversité angulaire et de polarisation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 046 (E - 383) 22 February 1986 (1986-02-22) *

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19718423A1 (de) * 1997-04-30 1998-11-05 Siemens Ag Tragbarer Signalempfänger
GB2326769A (en) * 1997-04-30 1998-12-30 Siemens Ag Omnidirectional triple coil antenna and reciever
EP0898255A3 (fr) * 1997-08-22 1999-12-22 Uni Electronics Industry Co., Ltd. Etiquette pour la prévention du vol
EP0903456A1 (fr) * 1997-09-11 1999-03-24 Delco Electronics Corporation Récepteur destiné à un système télécommandé d'entrée sans clef pour véhicules automobiles
US6721611B2 (en) 1997-09-17 2004-04-13 Logitech Europe S.A. Antenna system and apparatus for radio-frequency wireless keyboard
EP1083280A3 (fr) * 1999-09-10 2004-03-10 Kiekert Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif d'actionnement et/ou de fermeture sans clé, notamment pour véhicule automobile
EP1136955A3 (fr) * 2000-03-20 2006-04-05 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards GmbH Dispositif pour un système d'accès sécurisé
DE10192529B4 (de) * 2000-07-19 2004-05-13 Logitech Europe S.A. Antennensystem
WO2002011062A1 (fr) * 2000-07-28 2002-02-07 Inside Technologies Etiquette electronique sans contact pour objet tridimensionnel
US6809703B2 (en) 2000-07-28 2004-10-26 Inside Technologies Contactless electronic tag for three-dimensional object
FR2812427A1 (fr) * 2000-07-28 2002-02-01 Inside Technologies Etiquette electronique sans contact pour objet tridimensionnel
FR2812780A1 (fr) * 2000-08-04 2002-02-08 Delphi Tech Inc Systeme de commande a distance pour vehicule automobile avec une antenne de reception amelioree
EP1178170A1 (fr) * 2000-08-04 2002-02-06 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Système de commande à distance pour véhicule automobile avec une antenne de réception améliorée
FR2813256A1 (fr) * 2000-08-25 2002-03-01 Siemens Ag Systeme antivol pour vehicule automobile et procede de mise en oeuvre d'un tel systeme antivol
US6937136B2 (en) 2000-09-19 2005-08-30 Land Rover Security system
EP1189306A1 (fr) * 2000-09-19 2002-03-20 Land Rover Système de sécurité
DE10162907B4 (de) * 2000-12-21 2013-01-17 Lear Corp. Fernzugriffsvorrichtung mit induktiver Mehrfachrahmenantenne
WO2003034349A3 (fr) * 2001-10-18 2003-11-06 Microchip Tech Inc Reduction de la directivite de l'orientation et amelioration de la distance de fonctionnement des bobines de detecteurs magnetiques dans un champ magnetique
ES2200652A1 (es) * 2001-11-07 2004-03-01 Predan S A Antena monolitica con sensibilidad en los tres ejes para aplicaciones en transpondedores para automocion.
EP1313168A3 (fr) * 2001-11-15 2003-09-03 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Méthode d 'agencement d'une antenne réceptrice d'un dispositif de communication
EP1313169A3 (fr) * 2001-11-15 2003-09-03 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Antenne récéptrice et méthode d'agencement pour cet antenne d' un dispositif de communication
US6799722B2 (en) 2001-12-04 2004-10-05 Balluff Gmbh Code carrier device
WO2004107276A1 (fr) * 2003-06-03 2004-12-09 Huf Hülsbeck & Fürst Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif de controle d'acces electronique
US8494600B2 (en) 2005-02-17 2013-07-23 Nxp B.V. Mobile communication device
DE102011050129A1 (de) 2011-05-05 2012-11-08 Maxim Integrated Gmbh Transponder
DE102011051456A1 (de) 2011-06-30 2013-01-03 Maxim Integrated Gmbh Transponder
DE102011051456B4 (de) 2011-06-30 2019-07-11 Maxim Integrated Gmbh Transponder
EP2709074A1 (fr) * 2012-09-12 2014-03-19 Aug. Winkhaus GmbH & Co. KG Clé dotée d'une puce de transpondeur et de deux antennes raccordées à la puce transpondeur
US10096902B2 (en) 2013-04-22 2018-10-09 Infineon Technologies Ag Antenna arrangement, communication appliance and antenna structure
JP2015130566A (ja) * 2014-01-07 2015-07-16 株式会社リコー アンテナ装置及び機器
US10423870B2 (en) 2014-05-14 2019-09-24 Infineon Technologies Ag Communication module
US11442194B2 (en) * 2017-04-14 2022-09-13 The Charles Machine Works, Inc. System for locating a utility with a downhole beacon

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0783190B1 (fr) 2001-10-04
DE69707024D1 (de) 2001-11-08
DE69707024T2 (de) 2002-06-20

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