EP0789376A2 - Interrupteur avec un dispositif de commutation dépendant de la température - Google Patents

Interrupteur avec un dispositif de commutation dépendant de la température Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0789376A2
EP0789376A2 EP96116940A EP96116940A EP0789376A2 EP 0789376 A2 EP0789376 A2 EP 0789376A2 EP 96116940 A EP96116940 A EP 96116940A EP 96116940 A EP96116940 A EP 96116940A EP 0789376 A2 EP0789376 A2 EP 0789376A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cover part
switch
switching mechanism
contact area
resistor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96116940A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0789376B1 (fr
EP0789376A3 (fr
Inventor
Marcel Peter Hofsäss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HOFSAESS, MARCEL
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0789376A2 publication Critical patent/EP0789376A2/fr
Publication of EP0789376A3 publication Critical patent/EP0789376A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0789376B1 publication Critical patent/EP0789376B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H01H71/16—Electrothermal mechanisms with bimetal element
    • H01H71/164—Heating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/504—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by thermal means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switch for opening and / or closing a circuit, with a temperature-dependent switching mechanism and a housing accommodating the switching mechanism, which has an electrically conductive lower part and a closing, electrically conductive cover part, which is electrically insulated from the lower part, wherein depending on its temperature, the switching mechanism establishes an electrical connection between the cover part and the lower part and the circuit can be connected on the one hand to the cover part and on the other hand to the lower part.
  • a metal housing is provided, the lower part being insulated from the cover part by the interposition of an insulating film.
  • the cover part is captively attached to the lower part by a flanged edge.
  • a temperature-dependent bimetal switching mechanism is provided in the interior of the housing, which comprises a spring washer which carries a movable contact part.
  • a bimetallic snap disc is placed over the contact part.
  • the spring washer presses the movable contact part against a projection provided on the inside of the cover part and, on the other hand, is supported with its edge on the inside on the lower part. Since the spring washer is made of an electrically conductive material, an electrical connection is made between the cover part and the lower part.
  • the bimetallic snap disk snaps is supported with its edge on the inside of the cover part and presses the movable contact part away from the cover part against the force of the spring washer. Since the insulating film covers a large part of the inside of the cover part, the edge of the bimetallic disc which is now supported on the cover part is insulated from the cover part, so that after the contact part has been lifted off the projection, the electrically conductive connection between the cover part and the lower part is interrupted .
  • Such switches are connected in series with an electrical consumer in a circuit, for a good thermal connection between the electrical switch and the consumer to be protected is taken care of. Due to the above-described functional principle of the bimetallic switching mechanism, the consumer is supplied with electricity as long as its temperature is so low that the response temperature of the bimetallic snap disk is not reached. If the temperature of the consumer rises above a permissible value due to a malfunction, the circuit is interrupted and the consumer is switched off to protect against excess temperatures.
  • the known switch with its encapsulated metal housing is very robust and insensitive to mechanical influences, so that it satisfactorily fulfills the demands placed on it.
  • this switch has the disadvantage that it automatically switches on again when the consumer cools down, so that the consumer is repeatedly switched on and off if the fault is not eliminated after the first switch-off. Such clocking switching behavior is often undesirable.
  • a further switch is known from EP 0 284 916 A2 which comprises a lower part which is closed by a cover part made of thermistor material and in which the switching mechanism is arranged.
  • the bimetallic switching mechanism comprises, in a known manner, a bimetallic snap disk and a spring washer on which a movable contact part is held. Below the response temperature of the bimetallic snap disk, the movable contact part is pressed by the spring washer against a fixed contact part provided on the cover part, which extends like a rivet through the cover part and merges into a head on the outside.
  • the lower part is made of electrically conductive material, so that Switchgear creates a conductive connection between the lower part and the head of the fixed contact part at low temperatures.
  • the cover part is in conductive connection with both the fixed contact part and with the lower part, so that it is electrically connected in parallel to the switching mechanism.
  • the switching mechanism now opens due to an excessively high temperature, the current flows from the fixed contact part through the PTC thermistor resistor forming the cover part to the lower part, as a result of which the PTC resistor heats up and the switching mechanism keeps open, even if the excess temperature triggering the switching is no longer present is. In this way, the PTC resistor acts in the sense of a self-holding function.
  • the cover part comprises a ceramic support part, on which a carbon resistor is arranged, which provides the self-holding function as a heating resistor.
  • the cover part is made of PTC thermistor material, it does not have the required pressure stability, which is often required in the rough everyday use of the known switches.
  • Such switches are in fact used to monitor the temperature of motors, heating coils, etc., and they are often exposed to strong mechanical loads as a result of the vibrations associated with the operation of the consumers to be protected. Strong pressures can also be exerted on the cover of the temperature monitor.
  • the cover itself can be made of a mechanically more stable material, but it is the same as for the cover part through-connection of the thermistor material through the cover to the outside is required, which is not required in the switch discussed above.
  • the switch known from EP 0 284 916 A2 thus has the advantage over the switch mentioned at the outset that it is provided with a self-holding function, but brings with it other disadvantages which lie in the complex construction and the lower mechanical strength.
  • DE 43 36 564 A1 discloses another self-holding switch with a PCT resistor connected in parallel, a further heating resistor being connected in series with the switching mechanism, which ensures that the known switch is sensitive to overcurrent.
  • This switch comprises a ceramic carrier plate provided with conductive and insulating coatings, on which an encapsulated bimetallic switching mechanism is arranged, next to which the PTC thermistor module sits, which is electrically connected in parallel with the switching mechanism.
  • a thick-film resistor is also arranged on the ceramic carrier plate, which leads under the switching mechanism and is connected in series with it.
  • the known switch is also connected in series with a consumer to be protected, so that the operating current of this consumer flows through it. At the same time, this switch is in a known manner in thermal connection with the consumer to be monitored. If the operating current of the consumer increases in an impermissible manner as a result of a defect, the series-connected thick-film resistor heats the switching mechanism to such an extent that it opens so that the PTC resistor connected in parallel takes over the current.
  • this switch is also opened when the temperature of the consumer to be protected is too high, the PTC resistor also ensuring that the switchgear that is now open remains locked.
  • This switch has the disadvantage that it has a relatively bulky and large construction, which is due in particular to the ceramic carrier plate.
  • this object is achieved in the switch discussed at the outset in that at least one resistor is arranged directly on the inside of the housing and is connected in series with the switching mechanism between the cover part and the lower part in a switching position of the switching mechanism.
  • the object underlying the invention is completely achieved in this way.
  • the inventor of the present application has recognized that it is surprisingly possible to apply a resistor directly to the inside of the electrically conductive cover part or to the electrically conductive lower part and to set the required resistance value for the self-holding function and / or the overcurrent sensitivity.
  • this resistor is arranged in such a way that it is connected in series with the switch mechanism when it is below the response temperature, the resistor ensures that the new switch is sensitive to current.
  • the resistance should have a value between approx. 50 m ⁇ and 30 ⁇ . This can e.g. by bismuth ruthenate, which can be applied to the lid part or the bottom part by screen printing.
  • the resistor is connected in series with the switching mechanism when it is above the response temperature, i.e. has opened the circuit, it ensures a self-holding function.
  • the resistance value should be approx. 10 to 100 k ⁇ , which is achieved, for example, with barium titanate, which can be glued on with conductive adhesive or "sputtered on" by cathode sputtering.
  • the generic switch, a switch with overcurrent sensitivity or a switch with self-holding function can be manufactured in the series production mentioned, depending on requirements, so that a kind of modular principle arises, which of course makes the whole Reduce manufacturing costs significantly.
  • a further resistor is arranged directly on the inside of the housing, which is connected in series with the switching mechanism in another switching position between the cover part and the lower part.
  • a resistor is now connected in series with the switching mechanism between the cover part and the lower part in both switching positions of the switching mechanism, so that in one switching position for a self-holding function and in the other Switch position for an overcurrent sensitivity of the new switch is ensured.
  • the switching mechanism comprises a movable contact part which is supported by an electrically conductive spring washer which can be moved by a bimetallic snap disc and which, in a first switching position of the switching mechanism, rests on the inside against a contact area of the cover part, the spring washer engaging with it Edge supported on a contact area of the lower part.
  • the advantage here is that the known switching mechanism can also be used with the new switch, so that no additional design measures are required to manufacture the new switch. This also significantly reduces costs.
  • the contact part rests on the inside against a further contact area of the lower part and the edge of the spring washer is in contact with a further contact area on the cover part.
  • the advantage here is that a changeover switch is provided, so to speak, but which can use the known switching mechanism.
  • the generic switch it is only necessary to attach the insulating film so that the inside of the cover part is no longer insulated from the inside of the housing, i.e. from the edge of the bimetallic snap disk and / or the spring washer.
  • the known switching mechanism thus connects the cover part and the lower part on the one hand in that the movable contact part on the cover part and the edge of the spring washer on the lower part abuts, while in the other switching position, the movable contact part on the lower part and the edge of the spring washer, possibly with the interposition of the edge of the bimetallic snap disc on the inside of the cover part.
  • a very simple changeover switch is created, in which the individual resistors can now be arranged on the inside of the cover part and lower part as required.
  • the resistance can e.g. be designed as a disc and then be arranged in the contact areas of the movable contact part on the cover part or on the bottom part.
  • the resistor it is possible to design the resistor as a ring and thus to arrange it at the contact areas for the edge of the spring washer on the inside of the cover part or of the base part.
  • Other geometries are also conceivable with regard to the setting of the resistance value, e.g. Meandering or spiral shapes.
  • the resistance values must be set as described above by the geometric dimensions of the resistor and the specific resistance of the resistance material according to the known relationship.
  • the single figure shows a basic illustration of the new switch in longitudinal section.
  • 10 denotes a switch which comprises a housing 12 in which a temperature-dependent switching mechanism 13 is arranged.
  • the housing 12 comprises a lower part 14 made of electrically conductive material and also a likewise electrically conductive cover part 15, which is electrically insulated from the lower part 14 by an insulating ring 16.
  • the mechanical cohesion between lower part 14, cover part 15 and insulating ring 16 can e.g. be produced by a flanged edge (not shown for reasons of clarity), by gluing, by jamming or other suitable measures.
  • this mechanical fastening does not play an important role for the present invention.
  • the switch 10 is connected via its underside 17 and a locking recess 18 on the cover part 15 to a circuit in which it is connected in series with a consumer to be protected.
  • the bimetallic switching mechanism 13 comprises a spring washer 21 which carries a movable contact part 22.
  • a bimetallic snap disk 23 is placed over the movable contact part 22. In the switch position shown in Figure 1, the bimetallic snap disk is below its response temperature.
  • the spring washer 21 is supported with its edge 24 on a contact area 25 on the inside of the lower part 14 and presses the movable contact part 22 against a contact area 26 which is provided on the inside on a projection 27 of the cover part 15.
  • This projection 27 corresponds to the locking recess 18 on the outside of the cover part 15.
  • the bimetal snap disk 23 changes from the convex shape shown to a concave shape, is supported on the inside against a further contact area 28 of the cover part 15 and is pressed then the movable contact part 22 against the force of the spring washer 21 away from the contact area 15.
  • the switching mechanism 13 then finally reaches its second switching state, in which the movable contact part 22 is supported on the lower part 14 on a further contact area 29, while the edge 24 of the spring washer 21 now optionally with the bimetallic snap disk 23 interposed on the contact area 28 is present. In this way, an electrically conductive connection between the cover part 15 and the lower part 14 is again established.
  • the switch 10 thus works as a changeover switch.
  • resistors can optionally be attached to the contact areas 25, 26, 28, 29.
  • Figure 1 there is a resistance ring 31 at the contact area 25, a resistance disk 32 on the contact area 26, a further resistance ring 33 on the contact area 28 and a further resistance disk 34 on the contact area 29.
  • the resistance disk 32 and the resistance ring 31 are connected in series with the switching mechanism 13 between the cover part 15 and the lower part 14, thus causing the new switch to be sensitive to overcurrent.
  • resistors 31, 32, 33, 34 are sufficient to provide only the resistors 32 and 33 on the cover part 15 or only the resistors 31 and 34 on the lower part 14.
  • the resistance disc 32 "responsible for overcurrent sensitivity" on the cover part 15 is e.g. Made from bismuth ruthenate, has a diameter of 1.5 mm and a layer thickness of 0.05 mm, which results in a resistance value of approx. 4 ⁇ , which is suitable for overcurrent sensitivity.
  • the resistance ring 31, which is also made of bismuth ruthenate has an outer diameter of 9 and an inner diameter of 8 mm, so that it has a total resistance of 0.5 ⁇ at a thickness of 0.05 mm, which also has a Provides overcurrent sensitivity.
  • the resistance disc 29 responsible for self-retention is e.g. made of barium titanate and is a round disc with a thickness of 1 mm, which is glued on with conductive adhesive. Alternatively, e.g. conductive plastic can also be used.
  • the resistance value of the resistance disk 29 is set in accordance with the known geometric relationships so that it is 10 to 100 k ⁇ in the warm state. A corresponding resistance value can also be achieved by suitable dimensioning of the resistance ring 28. It is also possible to sputter the barium titanate or a comparable PTC semiconductor by sputtering.
  • Ru oxide instead of bismuth ruthenate as the resistance material, e.g. Ru oxide or Ag-Pd-Ag oxide can also be used.

Landscapes

  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
EP96116940A 1996-02-10 1996-10-22 Interrupteur avec un dispositif de commutation dépendant de la température Expired - Lifetime EP0789376B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19604939A DE19604939C2 (de) 1996-02-10 1996-02-10 Schalter mit einem temperaturabhängigen Schaltwerk
DE19604939 1996-02-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0789376A2 true EP0789376A2 (fr) 1997-08-13
EP0789376A3 EP0789376A3 (fr) 1998-05-27
EP0789376B1 EP0789376B1 (fr) 2001-07-04

Family

ID=7785079

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96116940A Expired - Lifetime EP0789376B1 (fr) 1996-02-10 1996-10-22 Interrupteur avec un dispositif de commutation dépendant de la température

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5892429A (fr)
EP (1) EP0789376B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE202874T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19604939C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2159340T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT789376E (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0756301A3 (fr) * 1995-07-26 1998-05-27 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Thermostat
EP0756302A3 (fr) * 1995-07-26 1998-06-03 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Thermostat de construction modulaire
EP0994497A3 (fr) * 1998-10-13 2001-03-21 Marcel Hofsäss Interrupteur avec support isolant
EP0994498A3 (fr) * 1998-10-13 2001-03-21 Marcel Hofsäss Interrupteur avec support isolant

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19748589C2 (de) * 1997-11-04 1999-12-09 Marcel Hofsaes Schalter mit einem temperaturabhängigen Schaltwerk
DE19827113C2 (de) * 1998-06-18 2001-11-29 Marcel Hofsaes Temperaturabhängiger Schalter mit Stromübertragungsglied
DE19919648C2 (de) * 1999-04-30 2003-03-13 Marcel Hofsaess Gerät mit in einer Tasche vorgesehenem temperaturabhängigen Schaltwerk
US6229121B1 (en) * 1999-07-23 2001-05-08 Industrial Technology Research Institute Integrated thermal buckling micro switch with electric heater and sensor
US6707372B2 (en) * 2000-10-04 2004-03-16 Honeywell International, Inc. Thermal switch containing preflight test feature and fault location detection
DE10110562C1 (de) * 2001-03-06 2002-12-19 Marcel Hofsaes Temperaturabhängiger Schalter mit aufgestempelter Kleberschicht
US20050122201A1 (en) * 2003-08-22 2005-06-09 Honeywell International, Inc. Thermal switch containing preflight test feature and fault location detection
JP2006092825A (ja) * 2004-09-22 2006-04-06 Fuji Denshi Kogyo Kk 温度スイッチと温度スイッチの組立方法
US7446643B2 (en) * 2004-11-23 2008-11-04 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Resetable over-current and/or over-temperature protection system
DE102009030353B3 (de) * 2009-06-22 2010-12-02 Hofsaess, Marcel P. Kappe für einen temperaturabhängigen Schalter sowie Verfahren zur Fertigung eines temperaturabhängigen Schalters
DE102009039948A1 (de) * 2009-08-27 2011-03-03 Hofsaess, Marcel P. Temperaturabhängiger Schalter
DE102012103306B3 (de) * 2012-04-17 2013-04-25 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Temperaturabhängiger Schalter mit Kontaktteil als Heizwiderstand
JP6157856B2 (ja) * 2013-01-10 2017-07-05 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 熱感知装置
EP2943858A1 (fr) * 2013-01-14 2015-11-18 Scuola Superiore di Studi Universitari e di Perfezionamento Sant'Anna Procédé et appareil apparenté pour surveiller des performances biomécaniques de membres humains
DE102013101393B4 (de) * 2013-02-13 2014-10-09 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Temperaturabhängiger Schalter
DE102013108508A1 (de) * 2013-08-07 2015-02-12 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Temperaturabhängiger Schalter
DE102013017232A1 (de) * 2013-10-17 2015-04-23 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Temperaturabhängiges Schaltwerk
DE102014108518A1 (de) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-17 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Temperaturabhängiger Schalter mit Distanzring
DE102022134379B3 (de) 2022-12-21 2024-02-08 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger Schalter
CN121331715B (zh) * 2025-12-17 2026-03-27 江苏常胜电器股份有限公司 一种断电复位抗电脉过流过热保护器及其制造方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2917482C2 (de) 1979-04-30 1982-11-25 Peter 7530 Pforzheim Hofsäss Übertemperaturschutzschalter
EP0284916A2 (fr) 1987-03-31 1988-10-05 Ulrika Hofsäss Thermostat avec un boîtier
DE4336564A1 (de) 1992-11-03 1994-05-05 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperaturwächter

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3644514A1 (de) * 1986-12-24 1988-07-07 Inter Control Koehler Hermann Bimetallschalter
US4878038A (en) * 1987-12-07 1989-10-31 Tsai James T Circuit protection device
DE8806648U1 (de) * 1988-05-20 1989-06-22 Hofsäss, Peter, 7530 Pforzheim Temperaturschalteinrichtung
DE4142716C2 (de) * 1991-12-21 1997-01-16 Microtherm Gmbh Thermoschalter
DE9203559U1 (de) * 1992-03-17 1992-05-21 Knobel Ag Lichttechnische Komponenten, Ennenda Bimetall-Thermoschalter mit Dickschicht-Widerstandsheizelement
DE9406806U1 (de) * 1994-04-23 1995-06-01 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH, 75181 Pforzheim Bimetallschalter, insbesondere stromabhängiger Schalter
DE4428226C1 (de) * 1994-08-10 1995-10-12 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperaturwächter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2917482C2 (de) 1979-04-30 1982-11-25 Peter 7530 Pforzheim Hofsäss Übertemperaturschutzschalter
EP0284916A2 (fr) 1987-03-31 1988-10-05 Ulrika Hofsäss Thermostat avec un boîtier
DE4336564A1 (de) 1992-11-03 1994-05-05 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperaturwächter

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0756301A3 (fr) * 1995-07-26 1998-05-27 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Thermostat
EP0756302A3 (fr) * 1995-07-26 1998-06-03 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Thermostat de construction modulaire
EP0994497A3 (fr) * 1998-10-13 2001-03-21 Marcel Hofsäss Interrupteur avec support isolant
EP0994498A3 (fr) * 1998-10-13 2001-03-21 Marcel Hofsäss Interrupteur avec support isolant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0789376B1 (fr) 2001-07-04
EP0789376A3 (fr) 1998-05-27
ATE202874T1 (de) 2001-07-15
ES2159340T3 (es) 2001-10-01
PT789376E (pt) 2001-10-30
DE19604939A1 (de) 1997-08-14
DE19604939C2 (de) 1999-12-09
US5892429A (en) 1999-04-06
DE59607216D1 (de) 2001-08-09

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