EP0790409B1 - Circuit de mesure pour courant ionique dans des dispositifs d'allumages pour moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Circuit de mesure pour courant ionique dans des dispositifs d'allumages pour moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0790409B1
EP0790409B1 EP97101843A EP97101843A EP0790409B1 EP 0790409 B1 EP0790409 B1 EP 0790409B1 EP 97101843 A EP97101843 A EP 97101843A EP 97101843 A EP97101843 A EP 97101843A EP 0790409 B1 EP0790409 B1 EP 0790409B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
ignition
circuit arrangement
circuit
measuring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97101843A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0790409A3 (fr
EP0790409A2 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Dr. Bahr
Michael Daetz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen AG filed Critical Volkswagen AG
Publication of EP0790409A2 publication Critical patent/EP0790409A2/fr
Publication of EP0790409A3 publication Critical patent/EP0790409A3/fr
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Publication of EP0790409B1 publication Critical patent/EP0790409B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
    • F02P15/10—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits having continuous electric sparks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/045—Layout of circuits for control of the dwell or anti dwell time
    • F02P3/0453—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices
    • F02P3/0456—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices using digital techniques
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F02P2017/125—Measuring ionisation of combustion gas, e.g. by using ignition circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for ion current measurement according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • This known generation of the measuring voltage is relatively simple, but requires a large storage capacitor.
  • the measuring voltage is special for longer measuring phases, as they occur at low speeds, not constant, since the storage capacitor discharged by the measuring current becomes.
  • the measuring current therefore has a current superimposed by the discharge caused by stray capacitances in spark plug, ignition coil and leads becomes.
  • the measuring current is a leakage current through the Voltage limiting used Zener diode superimposed.
  • Another Disadvantage of this known circuit arrangement is that the Current measuring resistor is connected in series with the storage capacitor. This causes a non-linearity, since the voltage applied to the Ionenmeßorder Voltage is a function of the measured value.
  • a voltage positive polarity applied to the spark plug to an ion current with negative polarity caused by the combustion becomes.
  • This voltage is generated by a capacitor with the low potential side the secondary winding of the ignition coil connected by means of the charged via a diode electric ignition current is to get the voltage with positive polarity.
  • a zener diode provides the voltage limiting on the capacitor.
  • the capacitor current is supplied to a current / voltage conversion unit to the off converting the ionic current flowing to the capacitor into a voltage.
  • the o. G. Disadvantage of a nonlinearity not on, as in the Current / voltage converter the negative terminal of the capacitor on one virtual ground potential is maintained.
  • the two known circuit arrangements have the disadvantage in common, that for measuring the ion current, a voltage between 70 V and 400 V. is required, the to the ion measuring path, d. H. to the spark plug one Internal combustion engine is to create.
  • a circuit arrangement for ion current measurement known in which a measuring voltage through one on the primary side the ignition coil applied AC voltage is generated. there is the applied on the primary side AC voltage across the ignition coil transformed to a higher voltage level, with frequencies in the Range from 10 kHz to 100 kHz.
  • the ion current signal causes an amplitude modulation of the alternating current generated on the secondary side.
  • a disadvantage of this known circuit arrangement is on the one hand the use of filters containing the ionic current signal whose useful frequency range between 100 Hz and 20 kHz, separate from the carrier signal and on the other hand, the AC excitation due to the imbalance the ionic current characteristic resulting nonlinear distortions.
  • zener diodes For the derivation of the ignition current generated during ignition are two zener diodes connected in series are connected to the secondary circuit. To Compensation of the occurring in these Zener diodes leakage - the the ion current measurement falsified - a control loop is provided, which likewise is controlled by the output of the operational amplifier.
  • This control loop is from another operational amplifier with appropriate constructed of resistors and capacitor existing circuitry.
  • the object of the present invention is a circuit arrangement specify the type mentioned above, the o. g. disadvantage avoids, to a high measurement quality of the ion stream in the combustion chamber an internal combustion engine leads and feasible with little effort is.
  • circuit means are provided, with which a constant measuring voltage applied to the secondary circuit of the ignition coil which has a voltage value equal to or less than the value the voltage of the electrical system is and further provided a rectifier element is that the ignition current generated during the ignition of the spark plug derives from the electrical system.
  • particularly preferred embodiment of the invention become the measuring sections of serving as ion current probes spark plugs an internal combustion engine connected in parallel, so that thereby the Circuit complexity remains extremely low.
  • the ignition coil is a differential amplifier provided.
  • the differential amplifier is connected as an inverting amplifier, so that the desired voltage is applied to the other input.
  • the simplest circuit In as a measuring signal serving voltage, which then an evaluation is supplied.
  • FIG. 1 shows a transistor ignition system, with only the sake of simplicity a Zündendto with a spark plug Zk for an internal combustion engine is shown.
  • the ignition output stage comprises an ignition coil Tr with primary and secondary circuits, consisting of a primary and secondary winding, wherein the already mentioned spark plug Zk is connected to the secondary winding.
  • the primary winding is connected with its one connection to a vehicle battery supplied by a board battery voltage U B, for example, 12 V and connected with its other terminal to a firing transistor 1.
  • This ignition transistor 1 is controlled by the control electrode of a control circuit 2, are supplied to the ignition transistor 1 via the connecting line ignition triggering pulses.
  • the secondary winding is connected with its high voltage side to the spark plug Zk, while the low potential side is guided to the inverting input of a differential amplifier 3.
  • a constant reference voltage U ref preferably 5 V, is applied to the non-inverting input of this differential amplifier 3, this constant reference voltage being generated by a constant-voltage source 6.
  • This constant reference voltage U ref is supplied via this differential amplifier 3 to the secondary circuit of the ignition coil Zk and passes through this as MeB voltage U meß to the working as Ionenstrommeßorder spark plug Zk.
  • the differential amplifier 3 is constructed as an inverting amplifier by its inverting input via a resistor R with its output connected is.
  • diodes D1 and D2 are present, which derive the ignition current to ground or to the vehicle electrical system potential.
  • the diode D1 is so connected between the Invertlerenden input of the differential amplifier 3 and the electrical system U B , that the ignition can flow to the electrical system.
  • the second diode D2 lies with its anode at the ground potential and is also connected with its cathode to the inverting input of the differential amplifier 3.
  • a resistor (not shown in FIG. 1) in the supply line be provided to the inverting input of the differential amplifier 3, which additionally limits the current flowing into the differential amplifier 3.
  • the inverting differential amplifier 3 converts the ion current into a voltage U ion , which is supplied as a measuring signal to an evaluation unit 5.
  • the secondary circuit of the ignition coil Tr supplied measuring voltage U meß here preferably 5 V, is constant during the entire measurement period. Since the ion measuring current is in the ⁇ A range, a differential amplifier 3 is used with a low input current, which is currently available at low cost. Due to the low-impedance provision of this measuring voltage U meß accounts transhipment of stray capacitances, as in other known systems with AC load , as z. B. knocking combustion can occur. This advantage of the invention is particularly noticeable when several ion current measuring sections are operated in parallel, as will be explained below with reference to FIG. 2, because in this case the effective stray capacitance can multiply.
  • FIG. 1 further shows a control unit 4 which performs the function of engine management takes over and in turn controls the control circuit 2.
  • this ECU 4 via an input E motor parameters, such as load, speed and temperature supplied.
  • Corresponding actuators are controlled via outputs A.
  • the generated by the evaluation circuit 5 Ion current signal is also supplied to the control unit 4.
  • the ion current signal can be used to control the knocking of the To detect internal combustion engine and via a control of the ignition timing to build up a corresponding knock control.
  • Another application is to detect the ion current signal for detection of flare misfires.
  • Figure 2 shows a transistorized a 4-cylinder internal combustion engine having each cylinder associated ignition output stages, each ignition of an ignition coil Tr 1 ... Tr 4, each with a firing transistor 1a ... 1d and associated spark plug Zk 1 ... Zk 4 is constructed.
  • the ignition transistors 1a ... 1d are connected via their control electrodes of a Circuit 2a driven to the cylinder selection, which in turn with a Control circuit 2 is connected to the corresponding Zündausletteimpulse for the individual cylinders this circuit 2a supplies.
  • control unit 4 which drives the control circuit 2.
  • the low potential side of the secondary circuit of each ignition coil Tr 1 ... Tr 4 is led to a circuit node S, which is connected to the inverting input of a differential amplifier 3.
  • This differential amplifier 3 is also constructed as an inverter of the amplifier by means of a resistor R connecting the inverting input to the output.
  • the non-inverting input of this differential amplifier 3 is supplied with a constant reference voltage U ref , which is generated by a constant-voltage source 6.
  • This constant reference voltage U ref is smaller than the vehicle electrical system voltage and is 5 V and leads to the desired voltage U measured at circuit node S and therefore also to the parallel ion current paths of the spark plug Zk 1 ... Zk. 4
  • diodes D1 and D2 for the derivation of the ignition current to ground or vehicle electrical system intended.
  • the measuring signal U ion obtained at the output of the differential amplifier 3 is fed to an evaluation circuit 5, which in turn is controlled by a control unit 4 whose function corresponds to that control unit from FIG.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention for ion current measurement is not only in transistor ignition systems, as in the two embodiments used, but also in alternating currents or high voltage capacitor ignitions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Disposition de circuit pour la mesure de courant ionique dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, se composant :
    a) d'une bobine d'allumage (Tr, Tr1...Tr4) avec circuit primaire et secondaire, qui est alimentée par un réseau de bord délivrant une tension de réseau de bord (UB) ;
    b) d'une bougie d'allumage (Zk, Zk1...Zk4) disposée dans le circuit secondaire et qui sert en même temps de sonde de courant ionique,
    caractérisée en ce que :
    c) on a prévu des moyens de commutation (3, R) par lesquels une tension de mesure constante (Umeß) est appliquée sur le côté à potentiel bas du circuit secondaire de la bobine d'allumage (Tr, Tr1...Tr4), qui présente une valeur de tension égale ou inférieure à la valeur de la tension du réseau de bord (UB) et
    d) de plus, on a prévu un élément redresseur (D1) qui dérive sur le réseau de bord le courant d'allumage <IZünd> généré durant l'allumage des bougies (Zk, Zk1...Zk4).
  2. Disposition de circuit selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce qu'une diode semi-conductrice (D1) est prévue comme élément redresseur.
  3. Disposition de circuit selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, pour plusieurs bobines d'allumage (Tr1...Tr4) avec chacune une bougie d'allumage (Zk1...Zk4) servant de sonde de courant ionique, les tronçons de mesure formés par les sondes de courant ionique sont connectés en parallèle.
  4. Disposition de circuit selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce qu'un amplificateur différentiel, monté en tant qu'amplificateur inverseur, est prévu comme moyen de commutation (3, R).
  5. Disposition de circuit selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce qu'une entrée de l'amplificateur différentiel (3) est raccordée au côté à potentiel bas du circuit secondaire de la bobine (Tr, Tr1...Tr4), qu'une tension de référence (Uref), correspondant à la valeur de la tension de mesure (Umeß), est amenée sur l'autre entrée et en ce que la sortie de l'amplificateur différentiel (3) est raccordée à ladite une entrée via une résistance (R).
  6. Disposition de circuit selon la revendication 5 caractérisée en ce que la tension de référence (Uref) est générée par une source de tension constante (6).
  7. Disposition de circuit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisée en ce que les pointes de tension négative présentes à l'entrée de l'amplificateur différentiel (3, R) sont dérivées au potentiel de masse du réseau de bord grâce à une diode (D2).
EP97101843A 1996-02-16 1997-02-06 Circuit de mesure pour courant ionique dans des dispositifs d'allumages pour moteurs à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0790409B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19605803A DE19605803A1 (de) 1996-02-16 1996-02-16 Schaltungsanordnung zur Ionenstrommessung
DE19605803 1996-02-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0790409A2 EP0790409A2 (fr) 1997-08-20
EP0790409A3 EP0790409A3 (fr) 1999-01-20
EP0790409B1 true EP0790409B1 (fr) 2003-08-20

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97101844A Expired - Lifetime EP0790406B1 (fr) 1996-02-16 1997-02-06 Système d'allumage électronique pour moteurs à combustion interne
EP97101842A Expired - Lifetime EP0790408B1 (fr) 1996-02-16 1997-02-06 Circuit de mesure pour courant ionique dans des dispositifs d'allumages pour moteurs à combustion interne
EP97101843A Expired - Lifetime EP0790409B1 (fr) 1996-02-16 1997-02-06 Circuit de mesure pour courant ionique dans des dispositifs d'allumages pour moteurs à combustion interne

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EP97101844A Expired - Lifetime EP0790406B1 (fr) 1996-02-16 1997-02-06 Système d'allumage électronique pour moteurs à combustion interne
EP97101842A Expired - Lifetime EP0790408B1 (fr) 1996-02-16 1997-02-06 Circuit de mesure pour courant ionique dans des dispositifs d'allumages pour moteurs à combustion interne

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US (3) US5914604A (fr)
EP (3) EP0790406B1 (fr)
DE (4) DE19605803A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2166479T3 (fr)

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DE4437480C1 (de) * 1994-10-20 1996-03-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zur Funktionsüberwachung einer Brennkraftmaschine zum Erkennen von Zündaussetzern
JP3194676B2 (ja) * 1994-11-08 2001-07-30 三菱電機株式会社 内燃機関の失火検出装置
GB9515272D0 (en) * 1994-12-23 1995-09-20 Philips Electronics Uk Ltd An ignition control circuit, and engine system
DE19605803A1 (de) * 1996-02-16 1997-08-21 Daug Deutsche Automobilgesells Schaltungsanordnung zur Ionenstrommessung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2166479T3 (es) 2002-04-16
EP0790408B1 (fr) 2001-11-14
EP0790406A3 (fr) 1999-01-27
US5914604A (en) 1999-06-22
EP0790408A3 (fr) 1999-01-20
DE59710359D1 (de) 2003-08-07
DE59705316D1 (de) 2001-12-20
EP0790406A2 (fr) 1997-08-20
DE19605803A1 (de) 1997-08-21
EP0790406B1 (fr) 2003-07-02
EP0790409A3 (fr) 1999-01-20
EP0790409A2 (fr) 1997-08-20
US5758629A (en) 1998-06-02
DE59710592D1 (de) 2003-09-25
US6043660A (en) 2000-03-28
EP0790408A2 (fr) 1997-08-20

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