EP0797759A1 - Systeme de conduites, en particulier pour le transport de chaleur dans le chauffage a distance - Google Patents

Systeme de conduites, en particulier pour le transport de chaleur dans le chauffage a distance

Info

Publication number
EP0797759A1
EP0797759A1 EP95942658A EP95942658A EP0797759A1 EP 0797759 A1 EP0797759 A1 EP 0797759A1 EP 95942658 A EP95942658 A EP 95942658A EP 95942658 A EP95942658 A EP 95942658A EP 0797759 A1 EP0797759 A1 EP 0797759A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
location
pipe system
resistance
sensor line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95942658A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernd Brandes
Fritz S. Kamkalow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE1995121018 external-priority patent/DE19521018C2/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0797759A1 publication Critical patent/EP0797759A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/16—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means
    • G01M3/165—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means by means of cables or similar elongated devices, e.g. tapes

Definitions

  • Piping systems for the transmission of district heating or other liquid media are known. They usually contain an inner pipe that carries the medium, an outer pipe surrounding the inner pipe at a distance, and filler material in the space between the two pipes for thermal insulation. The filling material is there
  • a conductor consists of nickel chromium (NiCr) and is relatively high-resistance at 5.6 ohms / meter, so it has a high specific resistance.
  • the location of the leak is carried out according to the resistance measurement method by the ohmic resistance between this NiCr conductor and a mederohmigen second conductor, conductive pipe or earth measured and the location of the fault location is determined according to the principle of the unloaded voltage divider.
  • This method is advantageous for construction supervision, enables precise, early location and preferably indicates the source of the error. This known method is abbreviated below
  • the leak is located by measuring the transit time of a pulse that occurs at the
  • the two measurement methods described are based on different principles.
  • the first measuring method is more suitable for less moist fault controllers and has a limit of use in the direction of very damp fault points.
  • the second measuring method is particularly suitable for very moist defects and has a limit of use towards less moist defects. So far, both measuring methods have been used alternatively, depending on the user's requirements.
  • the sensors for the two measuring methods have to meet almost opposite conditions, namely one with low resistance and one with high resistance.
  • a piping system is known (DE 41 24 640 A1) with which the advantages of both measuring methods can be combined.
  • This piping system contains three conductors of different resistances and therefore piping materials.
  • NiCr is used for one conductor and the other two conductors bare copper or insulated copper. There is still no agreement on this system.
  • Runtime location can be useful, it is almost unsuitable for resistance location. But this measuring technique offers
  • the invention has for its object a pipe system with sensors from electrical lines in the space between
  • the invention consists in that an alloy is used as the material of the sensor line, which has such a low temperature coefficient (TK), which has a largely constant temperature coefficient (TK), and which has a resistance which is so small on the one hand that the runtime location can be carried out with the line and, on the other hand, is so large that the resistance location can be carried out.
  • TK low temperature coefficient
  • TK largely constant temperature coefficient
  • the design is selected so that transition resistances (R ⁇ ) have no influence. This is the case if R ⁇ ⁇ R sensor , based on a length of eg 10cm.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that conductors with a comparatively low resistance value can then be used for the resistance detection if this conductor has a small and largely constant temperature coefficient. In a practical example, this is
  • Material of the sensor conductor is a copper-nickel alloy.
  • the conductor cross section was 1.0 mm 2 .
  • the resistance value for this conductor (CuNi10) was 0.15 Ohm per meter, i.e. about one
  • Resistance wire NiCr 8020 The temperature coefficient for this alloy is about 4x as large as for the resistance wire NiCr 8020 previously used for resistance detection, but is only a tenth of the value previously used for the
  • Runtime location used copper lines For the location of the resistance, this sensor conductor is preferably provided with perforated insulation, because this increases the resolution of the measured values. In the limit case, a bare sensor conductor can also be used.
  • the second wire, the return wire can consist of an insulated copper wire.
  • a return wire with a cross-section that is larger than that of the sensor line, for example 2.5 mm 2 has proven useful for solving the task of creating a system for both location methods. As a result, a favorable resistance proportion of the sensor to the return wire is achieved with respect to the location of the resistance, without assigning the sensor conductor a larger resistance that is desired per se.
  • the embodiment described so far can work with good results in terms of resistance location with line lengths of 1000 m.
  • runtime location it can be used for monitoring for any length.
  • localization is possible for the range from 1000 to 300 meters and fine localization is possible for the range from 300 to 0 meters.
  • Fine localization with runtime localization was previously also provided for a test point every 250 m.
  • the soldering agent required for soldering can be integrated into the stranded material and at the same time used as a soldering and sealing agent.
  • 1 shows the cross section of a district heating pipe with an inner tube, outer tube and sensor
  • Fig. 2 is a resistance measuring bridge with a tube and two sensor lines
  • FIG. 2 shows an insulation measurement for FIG. 2
  • Fig. 4 is a transit time measuring device with a tube and two sensor lines
  • a piping system is shown with the cross section of a district heating line R, the inner tube 1, a
  • Filling filling material 3 that is as dry as possible, e.g. one
  • the sensor 4 is arranged in the filling material 3 and consists of a Cu-Ni alloy with an essentially constant and small temperature coefficient and a resistance value of about 0.15 ohm / m, which is a value that just allows the run time measurement and for the resistance measurement is sufficiently large.
  • Fig. 2 shows a measuring method with location by a
  • a voltage source 5 is connected between the start A of the sensor line 4 and the end E of the return wire 6, both of which are at the end 7 of the source remote
  • a voltage measuring device 8 is connected between the start A of the sensor line 4 and the start of the inner tube 1. In the event of a leak F, a fault resistance RF between sensor line 4 and
  • Inner tube 1 effective. So that the location of the fault resistor can be located precisely, the sensor cable must always be able to be contacted by the moisture, that is to say bare or provided with perforated insulation.
  • the location of the fault can be determined from the resistance values Rl, R2 of the partial lines, the total resistance Rges of the sensor line 4.
  • FIG. 3 shows how the insulation between inner tube 1 and sensor line 4 can be checked by switching the measuring device 8 differently. This does not require a return wire 6.
  • the insulation resistance changes from, for example, 10 MOhm to 10 kOhm, and the voltage indicated by the measuring device 8 changes from 0 volt to 24 volt.
  • a location is shown by a run time measurement. Between the beginning of the inner tube 1 and the beginning A a pulse generator 10 is connected to the sensor line 4.
  • a sensor line 4 suitable for both measuring methods must therefore meet two contradictory requirements.
  • a material is selected with which the requirement profile for the resistance location procedure on the one hand and the requirement profile of the running time procedure on the other hand are satisfactorily fulfilled.
  • This is the case for a sensor conductor made of CuNi10.
  • a conductor made of this alloy has a high-frequency resistance which is sufficiently low for the transit time measurement, in spite of a DC resistance which is higher than that of copper. This is important because in the two measuring methods a distinction must be made between the electrical direct current resistance RDC measured during the resistance location and the effective alternating current resistance RAC, which must be taken into account during the runtime location.
  • the AC resistance RAC is only about one eighth of the corresponding value of a resistance wire.
  • the resistance RAC is reduced to a value which is only slightly above the corresponding value of copper. At least one material can therefore be used which is suitable for the compatible use of the same sensor conductor for both measuring methods.
  • the following table shows the for different materials Resistance values RDC and RAC, whereby on the one hand a solid conductor and on the other hand a strand 30 ⁇ 0.25 was used for the alloy CuNi10. The solid lines had a diameter of 1.5 mm2 for this measurement.
  • the temperature coefficients are for
  • the electrical resistance values for the individual conductors are:
  • CuNi10 has a significantly lower specific resistance than the material NiCr8020 that has been customary for resistance location, this resistance is still sufficiently large against the undesired influence of connection points, supply lines and the like. Possibly. Undesired influences that still remain can be further reduced by appropriate selection of the cross sections.
  • the temperature coefficient of CuNi10 is larger than that of NiCr ⁇ 020, but is still in the same order of magnitude.
  • CuNi10 and alloys with similar electrical data in the form of solid wires or strands are suitable as sensor conductors for compatible use in both measuring methods.
  • Sensors with stranded conductors should be soaked with a suitable material to achieve long-term water tightness.
  • the material can be a solder that is required anyway.
  • Insulation should be temperature resistant (e.g. PTFE).
  • sensors can be provided with pores and / or closed conductive insulation (e.g. carbon doped).
  • one type of conductor can be used for all types of measuring methods with sensor conductors.
  • the measurement can be selected according to the respective degree of moisture of the possible error and the accuracy of the location can be improved. This also includes the use of both measuring methods for one fault location in order to minimize the costs of a possible repair. Damage is generally more expensive than the cost of the materials to be replaced.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de conduites comportant un tuyau intérieur (1) transportant un fluide, un tuyau extérieur (2) entourant le tuyau intérieur à une certaine distance ainsi qu'une matière de remplissage située dans l'espace compris entre les deux tuyaux, aux fins d'isolation thermique, et comportant aussi un système pourvu d'un câble capteur (4) pour détecter et localiser les fuites. La matière constituant le câble capteur est un alliage dont, d'une part, le coefficient de température est faible et sensiblement constant et dont la résistance est suffisamment faible pour que le câble capteur permette de procéder à une localisation de fuites par mesure du temps de passage et qui, d'autre part, a une résistance suffisamment élevée pour qu'un procédé de localisation de fuites par la résistance puisse être appliqué. Pour réaliser le câble capteur, la matière préférentielle est un alliage de cuivre et de nickel du type CuNi10.
EP95942658A 1994-12-13 1995-11-28 Systeme de conduites, en particulier pour le transport de chaleur dans le chauffage a distance Withdrawn EP0797759A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4444332 1994-12-13
DE4444332 1994-12-13
DE19501941 1995-01-24
DE19501941 1995-01-24
DE19505898 1995-02-21
DE19505898 1995-02-21
DE19521018 1995-06-12
DE1995121018 DE19521018C2 (de) 1995-06-12 1995-06-12 Rohrleitungssystem, insbesondere für die Übertragung von Fernwärme
PCT/EP1995/004616 WO1996018874A1 (fr) 1994-12-13 1995-11-28 Systeme de conduites, en particulier pour le transport de chaleur dans le chauffage a distance

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0797759A1 true EP0797759A1 (fr) 1997-10-01

Family

ID=27436110

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95942658A Withdrawn EP0797759A1 (fr) 1994-12-13 1995-11-28 Systeme de conduites, en particulier pour le transport de chaleur dans le chauffage a distance

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0797759A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4386096A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996018874A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19806249A1 (de) * 1998-02-16 1999-08-26 Jeinsen Vorrichtung zur Überwachung von Fluidleitungsrohren
EP2112491B1 (fr) 2008-04-26 2014-11-05 JR-ISOTRONIC GmbH Dispositif, système et procédé de détection et de localisation d'étanchéïtés
CN106123109B (zh) * 2016-08-05 2022-02-15 倪晨钧 一种管道监测系统

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3110054A1 (de) * 1981-03-16 1982-10-14 G + H Montage Gmbh, 6700 Ludwigshafen Rohrleitungssystem, insbesondere aus waermegedaemmten fernwaermerohren
DE3626999A1 (de) * 1986-08-08 1988-02-11 Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh Vorrichtung zur laufenden ueberwachung einer fernwaermeleitung
DE3628336A1 (de) * 1986-08-21 1988-02-25 Roero Ges Fuer Isolier Und Fer Rohrleitungssystem und waermeisolierte rohre, z.b. fuer fernheizleitungen
DE4124640C2 (de) * 1991-07-25 1999-02-25 Bernd Brandes Rohrleitungssystem

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9618874A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1996018874A1 (fr) 1996-06-20
AU4386096A (en) 1996-07-03

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