EP0803850B1 - Système d'avertissement d'incendie - Google Patents

Système d'avertissement d'incendie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0803850B1
EP0803850B1 EP97106132A EP97106132A EP0803850B1 EP 0803850 B1 EP0803850 B1 EP 0803850B1 EP 97106132 A EP97106132 A EP 97106132A EP 97106132 A EP97106132 A EP 97106132A EP 0803850 B1 EP0803850 B1 EP 0803850B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
detectors
fire alarm
alarm system
communications bus
radio
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97106132A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0803850A1 (fr
Inventor
Jürg Dr. Werner
Peter Dr. Ryser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Building Technologies AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority to EP97106132A priority Critical patent/EP0803850B1/fr
Publication of EP0803850A1 publication Critical patent/EP0803850A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0803850B1 publication Critical patent/EP0803850B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/04—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using a single signalling line, e.g. in a closed loop
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fire alarm system with a central, with decentrally arranged Detectors and with a communication bus connected to the control center Transmission of data and / or control signals between the detectors and the control center.
  • the detectors are wired Channel connected to the communication bus.
  • Such a wired Connection guarantees a very high level of transmission security, but does the whole thing System relatively inflexible for changes in a room layout once selected or the function and / or occupancy of rooms. Because such changes require usually that individual detectors have to change their location, which is because of the necessary wiring with possibly extensive and in any case disturbing Installation work is connected. Even the subsequent installation of such fire alarm systems with wire line between communication bus and detectors in existing Buildings, especially those in which a fire alarm system was not originally was provided, may be complex and expensive. This is especially true for historical buildings.
  • a building management system for controlling in different Peripheral devices such as lamps, fans, Roller shutters and the like are known.
  • This system contains a control center, one at This connected communication bus and assembled at fixed locations in the building and transponders connected to the communication bus.
  • the transponders used for wireless transmission of the bus signals to the peripheral devices are provided, wherein the signal transmission is preferably carried out by infrared radiation the rooms containing the devices.
  • the invention is now to provide a fire alarm system, on the one hand easy to install and easy to adapt to structural changes and can therefore be used in particular for historical buildings, and on the other hand has a high reliability and security of data transmission.
  • a fire alarm system to be created by the invention a high degree of flexibility exhibit, under flexibility the ability to adapt to structural conditions and Requirements should be understood.
  • the detectors with the communication bus optionally connected via a wired or a wireless channel are, in the latter case the relevant detectors connected to the communication bus Relay means for receiving the detector signals and for feeding them into the Communication bus are assigned, and that with wireless connection between detectors and communication bus of the detectors within the room to be monitored and that Relay means arranged outside of this and each relay means a plurality of Is assigned to detectors.
  • the fire alarm system goes with regard to communication within the Plant from a completely new concept by creating a type of hybrid system with wired and wireless channels, the selection of the respective type of communication is carried out in such a way that the system Transmission security and user benefits optimally adapted to the external conditions is. So it is not that the system as it were on two communication levels Control panel / relay and relay / detector divided and the one level wired and the is assigned to other wireless communication, but it is also a direct communication possible between control panel and detector.
  • US-A-4,951,029 describes a security system which is both wired Has detectors as well as radio detectors that have corresponding channels with a system Controllers are connected.
  • the connection between detector and system controller is either wired or wireless, the use of a communication bus Detectors are always wired to this.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the fire alarm system according to the invention is characterized in that the wireless connection is formed by a radio link is.
  • a fire alarm system according to the invention is installed, for example, in a hotel then the communication bus will be laid in the corridors and in everyone Install one or more relay means depending on its length.
  • relay means will become the wireless route choose. This is because of the choice of the wireless route, unless this is security-related Conflict with aspects, in any case results in user benefits, because no lines have to be laid from the bus to the detectors.
  • a detector If in a radio-shielded room, such as in an air-raid shelter or in a basement with thick walls and / or metal door, or in a safety-related one critical area (boiler room, oil tank) a detector has to be installed, then you will connect this detector with a wire cable because of the safety aspects connect the communication bus.
  • the main advantage of the system according to the invention is that on the one hand it is like a system with fully wired detectors is practically unlimited in size, and that, on the other hand, it’s so extremely flexible and adaptable that it’s the familiar wireless systems not only in terms of required radio performance, stability and interference immunity, but also surpasses in terms of flexibility.
  • a second preferred embodiment of the fire alarm system according to the invention is characterized in that the detectors provided for the wireless connection are designed for the detection of carbon monoxide.
  • a third preferred embodiment of the fire alarm system according to the invention is characterized in that the detector mentioned is an electrochemical sensor to measure the concentration of carbon monoxide, which has a measuring electrode with a catalytically active material, a counter electrode with a carbon material and an electrolyte connected to the measuring and counter electrodes contains.
  • carbon monoxide sensors for fire detection has the advantage that with carbon monoxide, the most dangerous gas in fire is detected. As proven most victims of a fire die from carbon monoxide poisoning Carbon oxide sensors are used with advantage where many people are for example in hospitals, hotels, public buildings and the like.
  • the electrochemical sensors have the advantage that on the one hand they are very stable and have a lifespan of several years and, on the other hand, very little electricity consume so that the battery required to operate the detectors is also a Has a lifespan of several years.
  • Figure 1 shows approximately in the middle of a hallway 1, in the fire detector 2 and a communication bus 3 are installed and equipped with fire detectors 2 *, 2 'on both sides Connect rooms; above the corridor 1 are rooms from the basement and below corridor 1, rooms from any upper floor are shown.
  • the communication bus 3 is installed in the corridor of each floor, preferably in the ceiling of the corridor, and the communication buses on all floors are connected to one shared center 4 connected.
  • Gear 1 also installs a relay 5, the latter on the communication bus 3
  • the structure of relay 5 can be seen from the block diagram of FIG. 2.
  • the fire detectors 2 installed in aisle 1 are conventional fire detectors, for example Scattered-light smoke detectors or thermal detectors that are used when the corresponding is detected Fire characteristic send an alarm signal.
  • the fire detectors 2 are either radio detectors, which send the alarm signals wirelessly, by radio, or wire detectors, which send the alarm signals wired and for this purpose with the communication bus 3 are connected via a line (not shown).
  • the radio detector are in Fig. 1 with the reference symbol 2 * and the wire detectors are with the reference symbol 2 'designated.
  • the rooms shown in the lower half of the figure are standard hotel rooms HZ, each of which has a wet room NZ and equipped with a 2 * radio detector is. If required, a 2 * wireless detector can also be installed in the NZ wet rooms.
  • the Radio detectors 2 * which are equipped with a suitable radio transmitter 6 according to FIG. 2, obtain the required electrical energy from a battery 7.
  • the radio signals from the Radio detectors 2 * are received by relay 5 and via communication bus 3 Central 4 fed.
  • the relay 5 has a radio receiver 8 and for this purpose a microprocessor 9. The latter converts the detector signals received into corresponding ones digital signals around.
  • the frequency of the radio signals is chosen so that this Can penetrate walls safely, and is, for example, above 300 MHz, preferably in the range of about 430 or about 860 MHz.
  • the relay 5 also has a suitable power supply line connected power supply 10.
  • the radio detectors 2 * preferably send in periodic time intervals, for example every 30 to 60 minutes, a status signal indicating that that the detector battery 7 still has sufficient power. In the absence this status signal becomes a malfunction in the control center 4 for the radio detector 2 * concerned displayed. In order to avoid a collision between different radio telegrams, the intervals between the transmissions of the status signal also happen to be around an average vary.
  • the radio detectors 2 * which can be designed to detect any fire parameters, are preferably designed for the detection of carbon monoxide and have one corresponding CO sensor 11 (Fig. 2).
  • the CO sensors 11 can be in a multi-criteria detector be installed, which also has a heat sensor 12 and / or contains electro-optical sensor for detection of smoke, but they can also directly and without the use of sensors for fire parameters other than fire detectors be used.
  • the signals from the two sensors 11 and 12 are an evaluation stage 13 supplied, which is connected to the radio transmitter 6.
  • the evaluation level 13 is either a microprocessor or a system integrated circuit (ASIC).
  • Electrochemical sensors are preferably used as carbon monoxide sensors 11 used in WO-A-93/10444 type, these are sensors with a measuring electrode, which contains a catalytically active material, which is a reaction of carbon monoxide can bring about, with a counter electrode, which is a carbon material contains, and with an electrolyte in contact with the measuring and counter electrodes stands. These sensors are extremely stable and have a lifespan of several years, and they consume so little electricity that even those in the radio detector 2 * built-in battery 7 has a lifespan of several years.
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 1 is not to be understood as that in each Only one relay 5 is installed on each floor or in each aisle of the hotel. Rather are the locations of relay 5 are selected so that only for sending the detector signals a relatively low power is required, which increases the service life of the detector batteries 7 (Fig. 2) extended.
  • determining the locations of relay 5 care must be taken that the distance from the relay to the individual radio detectors 2 * has a certain maximum value does not exceed, this value being that of the building materials used and depends on the type of construction, determined by practical tests becomes. Usually you will be able to assume with a hotel that for about 20 or 30 radio detectors 2 * a relay 5 must be provided.
  • the section of the basement shown in the upper half of FIG. 1 shows three rooms, on the left a cellar room KR, which is used for example as a storage room followed by a shelter SR and on the right an anteroom VR of the shelter SR.
  • a cellar room KR which is used for example as a storage room followed by a shelter SR and on the right an anteroom VR of the shelter SR.
  • By cross-hatching the walls of shelter SR and Anteroom VR is indicated that these walls are specially reinforced.
  • This reinforcement as well as the fact that there is no direct door between gear 1 and shelter SR and that both the door between shelter SR and vestibule VR as well as that from the anteroom VR in corridor 1 is formed by a specially reinforced door result in a radio signal from the shelter or anteroom SR or VR in the Aisle 1 would experience a very strong damping, which would make this part of the building radio technical problem area. If you take this area with usual measures wanted to master radio technology, then one would have to transmit the power in Increase the
  • a radio detector 2 * is provided only in the cellar room KR, which is not problematic in terms of radio technology, whereas a wire detector 2 'connected to the communication bus 3 via a line is installed in the protective room SR and in the anteroom VR.
  • These wire detectors are, for example, of the AlgoRex type from Cerberus AG (Algorex - registered trademark of Cerberus AG, Gurnnedorf, Switzerland); they draw their electrical energy from the bus 3 and they are designed for two-way communication with the control center 4.
  • wire detectors are used in the fire alarm system shown 2 'not limited to radio-technically problematic areas, but one can Use wire detectors also in rooms and building areas that are particularly high Must meet safety requirements or where there is an increased risk of fire. at the type of communication is deliberately kept open to the detectors 2 installed in corridor 1, to indicate that both types of communication can be used here.
  • the radio detector variant has the advantage of high flexibility and adaptability and it requires less installation effort.
  • the variant Wire detectors have the advantage of very high security and extremely low susceptibility to faults and it allows a practically unlimited expansion of the system.
  • the main advantage of the system described is that there are both variants offers in a single system and that the creator / operator has the opportunity has, so to speak, from room to room or from detector to detector for each for him the best way to decide. Which of these two options does he choose? decides depends on several criteria, which are based on the following simple Denominator: wire detectors for large distances, wire detectors for problem areas and otherwise radio detectors.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Système d'avertissement d'incendie comportant un central (4), des avertisseurs (2, 2*, 2') disposés de manière décentralisée et un bus de communication (3) raccordé au central (4) et destiné à la transmission de données ou de signaux de commande entre les avertisseurs (2, 2*, 2') et le central (4), caractérisé par le fait que les avertisseurs (2, 2*, 2') sont reliés au bus de communication (3) sélectivement via un canal filaire ou via un canal sans fil, des moyens formant relais (5) raccordés au bus de communication (3) étant associés dans ce dernier cas aux avertisseurs concernés (2*) pour la réception des signaux d'avertisseurs et pour leur introduction dans le bus de communication (3), et que, en cas de liaison sans fil entre l'avertisseur (2*) et le bus de communication (3), l'avertisseur (2*) est installé à l'intérieur de la pièce à surveiller (HZ, NZ) et le moyen formant relais (5) à l'extérieur de celle-ci et plusieurs avertisseurs (2*) sont associés à chaque moyen formant relais (5).
  2. Système d'avertissement d'incendie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la liaison sans fil est formée par une liaison radio (6, 8).
  3. Système d'avertissement d'incendie selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que les avertisseurs (2*) prévus pour la liaison sans fil sont conçus pour la détection de monoxyde de carbone.
  4. Système d'avertissement d'incendie selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits avertisseurs (2*) comportent un capteur électrochimique (11) qui est destiné à la mesure de la concentration en monoxyde de carbone et qui contient une électrode de mesure avec un matériau actif du point de vue catalytique, une électrode complémentaire avec un matériau au carbone et un électrolyte en contact avec l'électrode de mesure et avec l'électrode complémentaire.
  5. Système d'avertissement d'incendie selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que le moyen formant relais (5) est câblé avec le bus de communication (3) et que le bus de communication (3) est installé de préférence dans des couloirs (1) ou dans des pièces de service.
  6. Système d'avertissement d'incendie selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé par le fait que, lors de l'installation dans un bâtiment du type hôtel, le bus de communication (3) et les moyens formant relais (5) sont placés dans les couloirs d'hôtel (1) et les avertisseurs (2*) prévus pour la liaison sans fil sont placés dans les chambres d'hôtel (HZ).
  7. Système d'avertissement d'incendie selon l'une des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que les avertisseurs (2*) prévus pour la liaison sans fil avec le bus de communication (3) sont équipés d'un émetteur radio (6) et sont alimentés en courant par une batterie (7) et que les moyens formant relais (5) comportent un récepteur radio (8) pour la réception des signaux d'avertisseurs et un microprocesseur (9) pour la transformation de ceux-ci en signaux numériques correspondants.
  8. Système d'avertissement d'incendie selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que les avertisseurs (2*) comportant un émetteur radio (6) sont conçus pour l'émission d'un signal d'état indiquant la capacité à fonctionner de la batterie (7) et que l'émission du signal d'état s'effectue de préférence périodiquement.
  9. Système d'avertissement d'incendie selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que la spécification du type de la liaison entre un avertisseur (2, 2*, 2') et le bus de communication (3) s'effectue à l'aide d'au moins l'un des critères suivants :
    a. liaison sans fil là où c'est possible du point de vue de la technique de transmission ;
    b. liaison sans fil là où il en résulte un avantage correspondant pour l'utilisateur ;
    c. liaison filaire là où la sécurité l'exige.
  10. Système d'avertissement d'incendie selon la revendication 9, caractérisé par le fait que, en cas de trop grand affaiblissement de voie du point de vue de la technique radio et/ou en cas de trop grandes distances radio, on choisit une liaison filaire entre l'avertisseur (2') et le bus de communication (3).
  11. Système d'avertissement d'incendie selon la revendication 9, caractérisé par le fait que, en cas d'exigences particulièrement grandes en matière de fiabilité ou en présence de perturbations radio proches, on choisit une liaison filaire entre l'avertisseur (2') et le bus de communication (3)
EP97106132A 1996-04-22 1997-04-15 Système d'avertissement d'incendie Expired - Lifetime EP0803850B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97106132A EP0803850B1 (fr) 1996-04-22 1997-04-15 Système d'avertissement d'incendie

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96106275 1996-04-22
EP96106275 1996-04-22
CH221196 1996-09-10
CH221196 1996-09-10
CH2211/96 1996-09-10
EP97106132A EP0803850B1 (fr) 1996-04-22 1997-04-15 Système d'avertissement d'incendie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0803850A1 EP0803850A1 (fr) 1997-10-29
EP0803850B1 true EP0803850B1 (fr) 2003-05-14

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97106132A Expired - Lifetime EP0803850B1 (fr) 1996-04-22 1997-04-15 Système d'avertissement d'incendie

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EP (1) EP0803850B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE240567T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59710067D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2199310T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202016102550U1 (de) 2015-06-10 2016-06-07 Buchholzer + Partner Gmbh Mobiles Brandmeldesystem

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19710011A1 (de) * 1997-03-12 1998-09-17 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verbinden von Funktionseinheiten eines Meldesystems
GB9920981D0 (en) * 1999-09-07 1999-11-10 Ademco Microtech Ltd Improved security system
DE59910356D1 (de) * 1999-12-23 2004-09-30 Siemens Building Tech Ag Kommunikationssystem für ein Gebäude
US6445292B1 (en) * 2000-04-12 2002-09-03 Pittway Corporation Processor based wireless detector
EP1227452A1 (fr) 2001-01-19 2002-07-31 Siemens Building Technologies AG Système de sécurité et avertisseur de danger pour surveiller des paramètres de risque
DE20105653U1 (de) 2001-03-30 2001-05-31 Detectomat GmbH, 23669 Timmendorfer Strand Brandmeldeanlage
EP1768074A1 (fr) 2005-09-21 2007-03-28 Siemens Schweiz AG Détection prompte d'incendies

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5937456A (ja) * 1982-08-27 1984-02-29 Hitachi Ltd Ｃｏ検知素子
US4951029A (en) * 1988-02-16 1990-08-21 Interactive Technologies, Inc. Micro-programmable security system
EP0513443B1 (fr) * 1991-05-06 1999-11-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Système de contrÔle de bâtiment
EP0689049B1 (fr) * 1994-05-26 1996-12-11 Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. Capteur à oxyde de carbone

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202016102550U1 (de) 2015-06-10 2016-06-07 Buchholzer + Partner Gmbh Mobiles Brandmeldesystem

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE240567T1 (de) 2003-05-15
EP0803850A1 (fr) 1997-10-29
ES2199310T3 (es) 2004-02-16
DE59710067D1 (de) 2003-06-18

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