EP0806543A1 - Dispositif de perçage pour le forage à percussion - Google Patents

Dispositif de perçage pour le forage à percussion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0806543A1
EP0806543A1 EP97105661A EP97105661A EP0806543A1 EP 0806543 A1 EP0806543 A1 EP 0806543A1 EP 97105661 A EP97105661 A EP 97105661A EP 97105661 A EP97105661 A EP 97105661A EP 0806543 A1 EP0806543 A1 EP 0806543A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drilling
drilling device
steps
drill
head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97105661A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0806543B1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Schmeer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEISERT ENGINEERING GmbH
Original Assignee
GEISERT ENGINEERING GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GEISERT ENGINEERING GmbH filed Critical GEISERT ENGINEERING GmbH
Publication of EP0806543A1 publication Critical patent/EP0806543A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0806543B1 publication Critical patent/EP0806543B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
    • E21B10/40—Percussion drill bits with leading portion
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
    • E21B10/38—Percussion drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/56—Button-type inserts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/068—Deflecting the direction of boreholes drilled by a down-hole drilling motor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/26—Drilling without earth removal, e.g. with self-propelled burrowing devices
    • E21B7/267—Drilling devices with senders, e.g. radio-transmitters for position of drilling tool

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drilling device for percussive drilling by means of down-the-hole hammer, in particular for horizontal drilling, with a longitudinal section stepped with a drilling head and crown trim made of hard metal pins or the like arranged on at least one end face, the drilling head with the down-hole hammer being connected to a drill rod and, if appropriate, at least one in this axially extending flow channel is connected.
  • the horizontal drilling technique with a so-called down-the-hole hammer is increasingly used for drilling sewers.
  • precise drilling - especially with regard to vertical deviations - is of particular importance. Since such bores are made in soils that can have a very different and very changeable nature, the drilling system must take into account the resulting tendencies to deviate from the desired drilling direction.
  • the design of the drill head shape can be decisive for the exact approach to the target point of the bore.
  • DE-A-43 26 000 describes a two-stage drill head for impact drilling of the type mentioned at the beginning; in the direction of advance, a bolt-like pilot drill bit of smaller diameter adjoins a drilling disk covered with hard metal pins. Flushing grooves are formed in the circumference of the drilling disc and arranged in a spiral; their imaginary slot axes form an angle greater than zero with respect to a cone generator. In addition, the rear side of the flushing groove, which is in the direction of rotation of the drill head, is designed as a steep flank of a wing web opposite an inclined flank of another wing web.
  • So-called rockets are used in particular for the underground laying of cables and pipes in boreholes of approximately 45 to 245 mm in displaceable floors; however, they cannot be used in solid rock or soft soils.
  • Drill lengths between ten and thirty meters can be achieved, with the drilling accuracy being about 2 to 4%.
  • a tubular element with a graduated displacement head is driven horizontally from a starting gun like a tapered pile by a compressed air-driven, axially moving sliding piston into a vertically adjacent pit wall by compressed air with an average propulsion speed of 1 m / h to 10 m / h.
  • the direction of propulsion can be observed, for example, by means of a probe installed in the earth rocket via a high-frequency signal from above ground - but not influenced.
  • the drill heads can be exchanged to adapt to the nature of the soil - if the earth rocket has not got stuck when changing to the new soil type.
  • the inventor has set himself the task of creating a directionally reliable drilling method, in particular for creating shallow holes, which can also be used in loose soils, sand or water-bearing layers.
  • the drill head tapers in cross-section several times in steps from a hammer-side end plate to the chisel or drill tip, the step edges defining a conical surface.
  • the axial heights of the steps can be approximately the same size, which also applies to the step widths among themselves.
  • the steps are determined by the crown setting, the pins of which also incline outward in the direction of advance. Drill cuttings that cannot be displaced are discharged via drilling minutes, which are located at each step between the carbide pins. This core bit allows use in soil classes 5 to 7.
  • a ratio of the diameter of the end plate to the diameter of the chisel or drill tip of 6: 1 to 8: 1 - preferably about 7: 1 - has proven to be advantageous for solving the above-mentioned problem.
  • the end plate - against the direction of advance - is connected to a connecting plate of shorter diameter by an annular desk surface; the inclination of the desk surface preferably corresponds approximately to the inclination of the hard metal pins. It is used to discharge the down-the-hole exhaust. This supports the hardening of the bore wall with the displacement drill head and the drilling material discharge of non-displaceable small drill bits with the carbide-tipped drill head.
  • a radio transmitter of an external positioning system is assigned to the down-the-hole hammer.
  • the described drilling heads create a controllable drilling system in conjunction with location systems - radio transmitters in the drilling tool and carrying the radio receiver above ground.
  • the drill head should also be designed as an eccentric or be provided with a control slope.
  • a cross-sectionally sickle-like projection is placed around a part of the circumference that is less than 180 ° and is designed as a step.
  • the crown trim can also be arranged asymmetrically.
  • a drill head in which the cross section of the steps is reduced on one side by a desk-like inclined surface of the drill head - which lies within its conical surface. This inclined surface is approximately parallel to a generatrix of the cone shell.
  • the drill head is inserted with the down-the-hole hammer - with simultaneous rotation - for straight running.
  • the course of the bore can be influenced via the position of the control bevels or the eccentric.
  • the position of the control slopes is indicated by the transmitter. After the correction, the rotation is reactivated.
  • the displacement drilling head according to the invention for down-the-hole hammers with a drilling diameter of 80 to 300 mm can - depending on the down-the-hole hammer size - be used up to soil class 6; this drilling system can replace the earth rockets that are usually used for short holes in displaceable soils.
  • the system can also be used in loose soils, sand or water-bearing layers, since the down-the-hole hammer is connected to the drilling rig by a rigid drill pipe and can be pressed in with a driving force of up to 850 KN.
  • This feed force supports the powerful blows of the percussion piston of the down-the-hole hammer, which drives the displacement drill bit in the ground; this has a positive influence on the speed of advance and the achievable length of advance.
  • the rotary movement of the drill head supports the rearrangement Earth components to be displaced such as rubble, stones, gravel and sand.
  • the drilling device according to the invention replaces the earth rocket mentioned above.
  • a displacer drilling head 10 is located according to FIG. 1 with the interposition of a tubular retaining cap 12 at the end on a receiving shaft 18 with a spline 20 connected to the housing 14 of an in-hole hammer 16 (not shown in detail for striking horizontal drilling).
  • the housing 14 closes against the Direction of advance x a rigid drill pipe 22 axially fixed by a threaded or hexagonal connection 21, which can be extended as desired.
  • This displacement drill head 10 which can be used for bore diameters between 80 and 300 mm up to soil class 6, is connected to the down-hole hammer 16 via the tubular retaining cap 12 on a connection plate 24 and tapers in a longitudinal section stepwise from an end plate 26 via here eight step plates 27, 27 a to 27 g , their number from Drill head diameter d depends on a chisel tip 28.
  • the disks 26, 27, 27 a to 27 g are parts of a one-piece crown body, that is to say molded onto one another, and their edges determine a construction cone, of which a generatrix K is shown. Its cone tip defines an angle of approximately 40 °.
  • the axial height a of the end plate 26 corresponds to the axial height b of the stepped plates 27, 27 a to 27 g .
  • the nine radial step widths i are the same and reduce the diameter d of the end plate 26 to the diameter n of the drill tip 28 in an example ratio of 7: 1.
  • the number of steps, step width i and step height a can change.
  • Fig. 3 shows a drill head 10 a , which is populated with hard metal pins 30; these form - here three - levels.
  • the axes B of the hard metal pins 30 are inclined at an angle of approximately 33 ° to the drill head axis A.
  • An air channel 32 runs in this, from which a front channel 33 of smaller diameter axially and side channels 34, which are inclined against the direction of advance x, extend.
  • the latter open into an annular console surface 36 which in turn is inclined towards the direction of advance x and serve to discharge the down-the-hole hammer exhaust while at the same time supporting the discharge of non-displaceable cuttings.
  • the end plate 26 a is here - compared to that of Figure 1 - of double axial height a; From this end disk 26 a a crescent-like apex step 38 is formed, the radial step width i of which is continuous on both sides of a line of symmetry G of the drill head cross-section up to a parallel Q which intersects the line of symmetry G at right angles to a horizontal line D in FIG. 5 shortened; whose distance t from that parallel Q corresponds approximately to the step width i.
  • the down-the-hole hammer 16 is used for straight-line travel with simultaneous rotation. If the rotational movement is interrupted, the course of the bore can be influenced by adjusting the eccentric described.
  • the radio transmitter 40 of a location system is accommodated in the drilling tool - the radio receiver is carried during the day and, in addition to the position of the eccentric - or a control inclined surface to be discussed - also shows the inclination and depth of the down-the-hole hammer 16.
  • both the axial air duct 32 and a further air duct 42 which is offset axially parallel are indicated by dashed lines; the latter runs outside of that radio transmitter 40.
  • the displacement drilling head 11 a of FIGS. 6, 7 is equipped with a control inclined surface 44 starting from the end plate 26; the latter appears in the side view of FIG. 6 as a straight line which is inclined at an angle w of approximately 22 ° to the drill head axis A and which intersects 27 g in the region of the front step disc. This straight line lies within the conical jacket K described in FIG. 1.
  • the control inclined surface 44 here assumes the function described above for the position of the eccentric.
  • FIG. 8 show a likewise unsymmetrical displacement boring head 11b ; to the largest in cross-section of three circular stepped washers 27 a to 27 c , above the horizontal straight line D in FIG. 9 also adjoins a crescent-like vertex step 38, which in this embodiment ends at drilling minutes 46 of the integrally formed stepped washer 27 a .
  • the diameter line perpendicular to the horizontal diameter line D also forms a line of symmetry G for the stepped washers - but not with regard to the stocking of hard metal pins 30.
  • Such are also provided both in the drilling tip 28 and in the adjacent step disc 27 c on - by the center point M determined by the drilling head axis A - diagonals E.
  • the drill head 11 b is the one in the manner described for influencing the straight running. On the other hand, it swings about ⁇ 60 ° around the respective correction axis when correcting the direction.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
EP97105661A 1996-05-07 1997-04-05 Dispositif de perçage pour le forage à percussion Expired - Lifetime EP0806543B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19618298A DE19618298A1 (de) 1996-05-07 1996-05-07 Bohrvorrichtung für das schlagende Bohren
DE19618298 1996-05-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0806543A1 true EP0806543A1 (fr) 1997-11-12
EP0806543B1 EP0806543B1 (fr) 2001-01-24

Family

ID=7793587

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97105661A Expired - Lifetime EP0806543B1 (fr) 1996-05-07 1997-04-05 Dispositif de perçage pour le forage à percussion

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0806543B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE198923T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19618298A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000055467A1 (fr) * 1999-03-03 2000-09-21 Earth Tool Company, L.L.C. Procede et appareil de forage dirige
WO2001066900A3 (fr) * 2000-03-03 2002-05-23 Vermeer Mfg Co Procede et dispositif de forage dirige dans des conditions mixtes
WO2002055830A3 (fr) * 2001-01-15 2002-09-12 Tracto Technik Procede pour buriner de la roche
WO2003076760A3 (fr) * 2002-03-08 2004-04-08 Shell Int Research Systeme orientable de penetration du sol
BE1016899A3 (nl) * 2005-12-20 2007-09-04 Geothermie J Vercruysse Werkwijze voor het aanbrengen van een bodemwarmtewisselaar in een holte in een bodem en bodemwarmtewisselaar hiervoor bestemd.
US8196677B2 (en) 2009-08-04 2012-06-12 Pioneer One, Inc. Horizontal drilling system
DE202011109928U1 (de) 2011-02-24 2012-07-12 Igor D. Shaposhnikov Kegelbohrstange
US20230278113A1 (en) * 2020-07-23 2023-09-07 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Step drill bit

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10024433A1 (de) 2000-05-19 2001-11-29 Hawera Probst Gmbh Gesteinsbohrer
DE20016941U1 (de) 2000-09-30 2000-12-21 Gerätebau Wiedtal Schützeichel KG, 53577 Neustadt Vollbohrer
DE10122299C2 (de) * 2001-05-08 2003-11-13 Tracto Technik Verfahren zum Felsbohren
DE102010050244B4 (de) 2010-10-30 2013-10-17 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Meißeldirektantrieb für Werkzeuge auf Basis einer Wärmekraftmaschine

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2558842A1 (de) * 1975-12-27 1977-07-07 Paul Schmidt Selbstgetriebenes pneumatisches rammbohrgeraet, insbesondere fuer erdbohrungen
DE2717717A1 (de) * 1977-04-21 1978-10-26 Wallram Hartmetall Gmbh Gesteinsbohrkrone
US5052503A (en) * 1989-04-05 1991-10-01 Uniroc Aktiebolag Eccentric drilling tool
WO1994005941A1 (fr) * 1992-09-01 1994-03-17 Foster-Miller, Inc. Taupe guidee
DE4309387C1 (de) * 1993-03-23 1994-06-23 Terra Ag Fuer Tiefbautechnik S Rammbohrgerät
WO1996011323A1 (fr) * 1994-10-05 1996-04-18 Ilomaeki Valto Appareil de forage permettant d'excaver dans differents types de sols et procede associe

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2558842A1 (de) * 1975-12-27 1977-07-07 Paul Schmidt Selbstgetriebenes pneumatisches rammbohrgeraet, insbesondere fuer erdbohrungen
DE2717717A1 (de) * 1977-04-21 1978-10-26 Wallram Hartmetall Gmbh Gesteinsbohrkrone
US5052503A (en) * 1989-04-05 1991-10-01 Uniroc Aktiebolag Eccentric drilling tool
WO1994005941A1 (fr) * 1992-09-01 1994-03-17 Foster-Miller, Inc. Taupe guidee
DE4309387C1 (de) * 1993-03-23 1994-06-23 Terra Ag Fuer Tiefbautechnik S Rammbohrgerät
WO1996011323A1 (fr) * 1994-10-05 1996-04-18 Ilomaeki Valto Appareil de forage permettant d'excaver dans differents types de sols et procede associe

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE44427E1 (en) 1999-03-03 2013-08-13 Vermeer Manufacturing Company Apparatus for directional boring under mixed conditions
US6390207B2 (en) 1999-03-03 2002-05-21 Earth Tool Company, L.L.C. Method and apparatus for directional boring under mixed conditions
US6439319B1 (en) 1999-03-03 2002-08-27 Earth Tool Company, L.L.C. Method and apparatus for directional boring under mixed conditions
US6454025B1 (en) 1999-03-03 2002-09-24 Vermeer Manufacturing Company Apparatus for directional boring under mixed conditions
US6516899B2 (en) 1999-03-03 2003-02-11 Earth Tool Company, L.L.C. Method and apparatus for directional boring under mixed conditions
US6588516B2 (en) 1999-03-03 2003-07-08 Vermeer Manufacturing Company Method and apparatus for directional boring under mixed conditions
WO2000055467A1 (fr) * 1999-03-03 2000-09-21 Earth Tool Company, L.L.C. Procede et appareil de forage dirige
WO2001066900A3 (fr) * 2000-03-03 2002-05-23 Vermeer Mfg Co Procede et dispositif de forage dirige dans des conditions mixtes
CN101363307B (zh) * 2000-03-03 2017-05-31 维米尔制造公司 在多种混合条件下进行定向钻孔的方法和装置
WO2002055830A3 (fr) * 2001-01-15 2002-09-12 Tracto Technik Procede pour buriner de la roche
WO2003076760A3 (fr) * 2002-03-08 2004-04-08 Shell Int Research Systeme orientable de penetration du sol
US7347282B2 (en) 2002-03-08 2008-03-25 Shell Oil Company Steerable soil penetration system
BE1016899A3 (nl) * 2005-12-20 2007-09-04 Geothermie J Vercruysse Werkwijze voor het aanbrengen van een bodemwarmtewisselaar in een holte in een bodem en bodemwarmtewisselaar hiervoor bestemd.
US8196677B2 (en) 2009-08-04 2012-06-12 Pioneer One, Inc. Horizontal drilling system
US8746370B2 (en) 2009-08-04 2014-06-10 Pioneer One, Inc. Horizontal drilling system
DE202011109928U1 (de) 2011-02-24 2012-07-12 Igor D. Shaposhnikov Kegelbohrstange
DE102011012362A1 (de) * 2011-02-24 2012-08-30 Igor D. Shaposhnikov Kegelbohrstange
US20230278113A1 (en) * 2020-07-23 2023-09-07 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Step drill bit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59702945D1 (de) 2001-03-01
ATE198923T1 (de) 2001-02-15
EP0806543B1 (fr) 2001-01-24
DE19618298A1 (de) 1997-11-13

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