EP0806609A1 - Gasheizkessel mit schwingender Verbrennung - Google Patents

Gasheizkessel mit schwingender Verbrennung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0806609A1
EP0806609A1 EP97450007A EP97450007A EP0806609A1 EP 0806609 A1 EP0806609 A1 EP 0806609A1 EP 97450007 A EP97450007 A EP 97450007A EP 97450007 A EP97450007 A EP 97450007A EP 0806609 A1 EP0806609 A1 EP 0806609A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
explosion
intake
inlet
boiler according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97450007A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0806609B1 (de
Inventor
Cécilio Arribas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Muller et Cie SA
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Muller et Cie SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Muller et Cie SA filed Critical Muller et Cie SA
Publication of EP0806609A1 publication Critical patent/EP0806609A1/de
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Publication of EP0806609B1 publication Critical patent/EP0806609B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C15/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in pulses influenced by acoustic resonance in a gas mass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/20—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes
    • F24H1/205—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes with furnace tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pulsed combustion boilers whose operating principle has been known for a long time but whose practical implementation still poses delicate technological problems.
  • liquid fuel such as fuel oil
  • solid fuel namely coal or pulverulent wood
  • gaseous fuel is capable of numerous applications.
  • the pulsed combustion burners have very interesting thermal performances, they are in return the seat of resonance phenomena generating noises and vibrations which it is very difficult to confine in admissible ranges without concomitantly reducing substantially performance or suffocate without disproportionately increasing both the size and the cost of the installation.
  • the invention therefore aims to generally provide a boiler of the pulsed combustion type, having a low noise level in operating mode while retaining very good performance.
  • the invention relates to a pulsating combustion boiler for the supply of hot water, of the type comprising a heating body provided with a intake and exhaust muffler, in said heating body being arranged a burner assembly connected to said exhaust muffler by a heat exchanger system immersed in the water to be heated, said burner assembly comprising a flap valve annular for admitting a combustible mixture into an intake chamber provided with a starting device and opening into a combustion chamber, characterized in that said heating body is formed by an enclosure separated into three compartments, the l one is connected to said intake pot and forms a so-called decoupling chamber, a second of which is connected to said exhaust and forms a combustion gas expansion chamber, the third compartment, interposed between the two others, comprising said burner and said heat exchanger system, in that said intake chamber is supplied from said decoupling chamber, in that said combustion chamber is constituted a so-called explosion chamber, open at its end opposite to the intake chamber, an openwork stiffening and anti-vibration structure fixed
  • the intake chamber is traversed axially by a rod carrying a spark plug and extending into the explosion chamber by a flange located at a distance from the end of the intake chamber and ensuring the triple functions of: constitution of a hot point of ignition of the combustible mixture, establishment of an optimal flow of the gaseous flows, constitution of an anti-rising explosion screen towards the admission chamber.
  • the explosion chamber extending the intake chamber has a tulip shape coaxial with the latter and its circular outlet orifice is provided with said perforated structure constituted for example by a grid, fishnet or the like.
  • the envelope of the so-called expansion chamber has a tulip shape in parallel with the envelope of said explosion chamber, the end wall of the expansion chamber being arranged substantially parallel in the plane of said openwork structure and being curved towards the exterior and opening of communication orifices with said heat exchange conduits.
  • the communication orifices of said conduits are regularly distributed near the periphery of said end wall of the expansion chamber, while the starting sections of the conduits are substantially directed towards the center of the explosion chamber.
  • Such a boiler is remarkably noisy while having a combustion efficiency unmatched by current types of boiler and up to 106% on PCI. It is also non-polluting, robust and simplified to maintain and does not require a chimney because the outlet fumes are at low temperature and under sufficient pressure to allow the use of simple exhaust tubes, for example PVC.
  • Figure 1 there is shown schematically in vertical section, the assembly of a pulsating combustion boiler according to the invention, intended for the supply of sanitary hot water and / or heating.
  • This assembly enclosed in a cowling 1, comprises a heating body 2, an intake pot 3 and an exhaust pot 4.
  • the intake pot 3 receives combustion air and gas supplied by a valve 5 from an external gas supply pipe 6 and is connected by a pipe 7 to the upper part of the heating body 2.
  • the general structure of the intake pot 3 is conventional and consists of a compartmentalized volume using an internal baffle system 8. At the end opposite to the air and gas inlet, a fan 9 driven by an external electric motor 10 is responsible for brewing and forcing the mixture in the direction of line 7, at the time of starting the boiler, in the known manner.
  • the exhaust 4 is also of known structure and is simply a volume compartmentalized by internal baffles 11, connected at its lower part to the lower part of the heating body 2 by a pipe 12 and at its upper end to a pipe 13 evacuation of fumes outside the cowling 1, these fumes being of course taken up by a discharge pipe (not shown) outside the boiler room.
  • the lower end of the pot 4 forms a condensate tank provided with an orifice 14 for evacuation outside the cowling 1, via a pipe 15, said orifice being closed by a float valve 16.
  • the cowling 1 also includes an air inlet 17.
  • the heating body 1 is a vertical cylindrical enclosure divided into three compartments superimposed by internal partitions 18 and 19.
  • the intermediate compartment 22, delimited between the two above-mentioned partitions 18 and 19, is connected, at its lower end, to a pipe 23 for cold water inlet and, at its upper end, to a pipe 24 for water outlet hot.
  • the heating body comprises (FIG. 2) a burner assembly with a vertical axis, fixed to the partition 18 and comprising an intake valve 25, a so-called intake chamber 26, of generally cylindrical shape with a vertical axis, a chamber so-called explosion 27 disposed in the extension below the intake chamber and a so-called expansion chamber 28 disposed in the extension below the explosion chamber 27.
  • the intake valve 25 is conventional and shown in more detail in FIG. 3.
  • It comprises a deformable annular washer 2, disposed opposite a series of holes 30 formed in a circular plate 31 separating the decoupling chamber 20 from the intake chamber 26, itself delimited by a vertical tubular part 32 of which l the upper end has a flange 33 for fixing the plate 31.
  • the part 32 is fixed to the partition 18 with the interposition of an O-ring 34.
  • a hollow vertical rod 35 Inside which in the upstream part of the chamber 26 is arranged a electric spark plug 36, powered by an electric cord 37 and generating sparks between a central stud and the surrounding wall of the rod 35, perforated at 38 so that the sparks ignite the mixture (arrows 39) introduced into the chamber 26 by the annular valve 29 (in the open position 29 'in FIG. 3).
  • valve (29, 30) The structure of the valve (29, 30) is conventional and does not need to be described in more detail in its nature and its operation.
  • the arrangement of the spark plug 36 (in itself conventional) inside the rod 35 is a characteristic of the invention, as is the extension 40 outside the intake chamber 26 of the end of the rod 35, extension 40 which is in the form of a flange with a surface 41 of revolution with evolving curvature ensuring optimum flow of the gas flows between the intake chamber 26 and the underlying explosion chamber 27.
  • the flange 40 which is for example, like the rod 35, made of stainless steel, moreover constitutes a hot point of ignition of the gases in the explosion chamber 27, this hot point maintaining the sequence of brief combustions, characteristic of the burner pulsating, after starting by the spark plug 36.
  • the flange 40 also acts as an explosion-proof screen in the direction of the intake chamber 26.
  • the explosion chamber 27 is preferably in the form of a tulip, that is to say bounded by a hemispherical envelope 42 integral with the tubular part 32 on which it is threaded, and extended by a cylindrical part 43 coaxial with the chamber 26 and carrying, in the vicinity of its lower circular edge, an openwork structure 44 whose plane is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the chambers 26, 27.
  • the structure 44 for example a grid, mesh or the like, made of refractory material or stainless steel, is intended to stiffen the end of the casing 42, 43 and to avoid resonance and therefore the vibrations of the latter.
  • the expansion chamber 28 is preferably also in the form of a tulip, that is to say bounded by a hemispherical casing 45 integral with the tubular part 32 and extended by a cylindrical part 46, the casing 45, 46 surrounding distance the envelope 42, 43.
  • the bottom 47 closing the envelope 42, 43 is in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of the elements 32, 42, 43 and is slightly curved towards outside. In the vicinity of the periphery of the bottom 47 are pierced orifices 48 regularly distributed and into which open conduits 49 for heat exchange.
  • the burner assembly 50 and the heat exchange assembly 51 are immersed in the water to be heated present in the compartment 22.
  • the outlets 52 of the conduits 49 pricked on the bottom 47 are preferably directed towards the center of the explosion chamber 27.
  • the conduits 49 are generally arranged in a helix 53, the conduits being simple or split and surrounding an extension cylindrical 54 of the expansion chamber 21 into which said conduits open.
  • This operation is characterized by a continuous series of brief combustions similar to that generated in a diesel engine and developing at regular intervals by self-maintenance.
  • the role of the intake pot 3 is to supply the burner with the necessary quantity of air-gas mixture.
  • the fan 10, as well as the spark plug 36, are only used for starting, the first to ensure a first sweep of gas mixture allowing the burner to start up, the second to ignite the mixture introduced into the chamber for the first time. admission 26 via the valve 25 actuated under the pressure of the mixture sent by the fan.
  • each combustion generated in the burner will create, during the exhaust, the conditions of establishment upstream of the combustion chamber of a depression causing the opening of the intake valve thus allowing introduction into said chamber. a new quantity of combustible mixture which will in turn be compressed by the return pressure of the exhaust gases and ignited, the valve closing during this compression.
  • the boiler shown and described above implements this principle, but in a geometric context of the burner 50-exchanger 51 assembly and thanks to an arrangement of the ignition elements of the mixture (36,40) such as the continuous operation of the boiler takes place at a remarkably low noise level, both in terms of noise generated and vibrations. And this while obtaining an excellent thermal efficiency of up to 106% on PCI.
  • the shape and arrangement of the rod 35-spark plug 36-attachment point 40 assembly contribute to optimal filling of the explosion chamber 27.
  • the inverted tulip shape of the envelope 43 of the explosion chamber 27 ensures, in combination with the non-return collar 40 and the anti-vibration structure 44, combustion with transfer of gases optimally in the combustion chamber. expansion 28 as an extension of the so-called explosion chamber 27.
  • the structure 44 is responsible both for stiffening the end of the envelope 43 in order to limit its resonance capable of creating noise and vibration.
  • the structure 44 also provides a filtering and damping function during movements of the gas flow, both during combustion, the gas flows flowing from the chamber 27 towards the chamber 28 and during the compression of a new quantity. of combustible mixture in chamber 27, the gas flows then taking place from chamber 28 towards chamber 27.
  • decoupling the dimensioning of which, linked to that of the duct 7, is optimized to improve the performance of the boiler and phasing the pulsating flows of supply and demand for fuel mixture.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown at 55 an auxiliary device for elastic damping and limiting vibrations of the plate 31 serving as a seat for the valve 29.
  • the device 55 comprises a rod 56 secured to the collar 33, a head 57 screwed to the end of the rod 56, a spring 58 interposed between the head 57 and a free washer 59 placed on the plate 31.
  • the plate 31 can be lifted from the collar 33 slightly in line with the device 55.
  • several of these devices 55 are provided at the periphery of the plate 31, between two fixing screws 60 of the latter on the collar 33.
  • the boiler of the invention has other advantages.
  • the fumes from the exhaust 4 are at low temperature, of the order of 80 ° C, and under sufficient pressure, which allows the use at the outlet of the boiler of a simple pipe, for example made of polyvinyl chloride, up to several meters, for release to the atmosphere, thus avoiding the forecast of a chimney.
  • the boiler is non-polluting because the combustion chamber being submerged does not generate any evacuation. There are also no unburnt or soot.
  • the assembly is also robust and simple to maintain, the only movable member being the inlet valve 29 and no fouling occurring.
  • the metal elements are preferably made of stainless steel.
  • the operating frequency of the boiler is around 70 to 78 pulses per second.
  • the usable fuel is gas, but a pulverulent solid fuel, such as coal, can also be used, the intake circuit of the air-fuel mixture in the intake chamber of the burner being arranged accordingly.
  • the invention is obviously not limited to the embodiment shown and described above but on the contrary covers all the variants thereof, in particular as regards the arrangement of the various elements of the burner system 50 and of the exchanger system 51 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP97450007A 1996-05-09 1997-05-09 Gasheizkessel mit schwingender Verbrennung Expired - Lifetime EP0806609B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9606117 1996-05-09
FR9606117A FR2748556B1 (fr) 1996-05-09 1996-05-09 Chaudiere a combustion pulsatoire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0806609A1 true EP0806609A1 (de) 1997-11-12
EP0806609B1 EP0806609B1 (de) 2001-08-16

Family

ID=9492199

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97450007A Expired - Lifetime EP0806609B1 (de) 1996-05-09 1997-05-09 Gasheizkessel mit schwingender Verbrennung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0806609B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE204370T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69706094T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0806609T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2162669T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2748556B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2896306A1 (fr) * 2006-01-16 2007-07-20 Muller Et Cie Sa Installation de chauffage domestique et/ou de production d'eau chaude sanitaire
FR2936299A1 (fr) * 2008-09-25 2010-03-26 Muller & Cie Soc Chaudiere pulsatoire avec vanne a clapet
FR2936300A1 (fr) * 2008-09-25 2010-03-26 Muller & Cie Soc Chaudiere pulsatoire
RU186210U1 (ru) * 2018-03-27 2019-01-11 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Энергоресурс" Отопительный котел с верхней подачей твердого топлива

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2293253C1 (ru) * 2005-12-22 2007-02-10 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Кимовский радиоэлектромеханический завод" Котел пульсирующего горения (варианты)
RU2357156C1 (ru) * 2008-03-21 2009-05-27 ООО "Новокузнецкий котельный завод" Отопительный котел с верхней подачей угля в зону горения
RU2414646C1 (ru) * 2009-12-17 2011-03-20 Геннадий Александрович Глебов Пульсирующая вихревая топка

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB386908A (en) * 1932-08-16 1933-01-26 Marco Barbera Improvements in impulse and reaction engines
FR1279135A (fr) * 1961-02-09 1961-12-15 Lucas Industries Ltd Chauffe-eau
US3267985A (en) * 1964-03-12 1966-08-23 John A Kitchen Pulse combustion apparatus
JPS59189206A (ja) * 1983-04-08 1984-10-26 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd パルス燃焼器
JPS60232404A (ja) * 1984-05-02 1985-11-19 Toshiba Corp パルス燃焼装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB386908A (en) * 1932-08-16 1933-01-26 Marco Barbera Improvements in impulse and reaction engines
FR1279135A (fr) * 1961-02-09 1961-12-15 Lucas Industries Ltd Chauffe-eau
US3267985A (en) * 1964-03-12 1966-08-23 John A Kitchen Pulse combustion apparatus
JPS59189206A (ja) * 1983-04-08 1984-10-26 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd パルス燃焼器
JPS60232404A (ja) * 1984-05-02 1985-11-19 Toshiba Corp パルス燃焼装置

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 055 (M - 362) 9 March 1985 (1985-03-09) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 096 (M - 469) 12 April 1986 (1986-04-12) *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2896306A1 (fr) * 2006-01-16 2007-07-20 Muller Et Cie Sa Installation de chauffage domestique et/ou de production d'eau chaude sanitaire
FR2936299A1 (fr) * 2008-09-25 2010-03-26 Muller & Cie Soc Chaudiere pulsatoire avec vanne a clapet
FR2936300A1 (fr) * 2008-09-25 2010-03-26 Muller & Cie Soc Chaudiere pulsatoire
EP2169305A1 (de) * 2008-09-25 2010-03-31 Société Muller & Cie Pulsierender Verbrennungskessel
WO2010034940A1 (fr) * 2008-09-25 2010-04-01 Société Muller & Cie Chaudiere pulsatoire avec vanne a clapet
RU186210U1 (ru) * 2018-03-27 2019-01-11 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Энергоресурс" Отопительный котел с верхней подачей твердого топлива

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69706094T2 (de) 2002-06-06
EP0806609B1 (de) 2001-08-16
ES2162669T3 (es) 2002-01-01
FR2748556A1 (fr) 1997-11-14
DK0806609T3 (da) 2001-11-26
FR2748556B1 (fr) 1998-08-07
ATE204370T1 (de) 2001-09-15
DE69706094D1 (de) 2001-09-20

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