Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
  • E04B9/04—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like
  • E04B9/045—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like being laminated
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
  • E04B1/8209—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only sound absorbing devices
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
  • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
  • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/99—Room acoustics, i.e. forms of, or arrangements in, rooms for influencing or directing sound
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
  • E04B2001/8263—Mounting of acoustical elements on supporting structure, e.g. framework or wall surface
  • E04B2001/8281—Flat elements mounted parallel to a supporting surface with an acoustically active air gap between the elements and the mounting surface
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
  • E04B2001/8263—Mounting of acoustical elements on supporting structure, e.g. framework or wall surface
  • E04B2001/829—Flat elements mounted at an angle, e.g. right angle, to the supporting surface
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
  • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
  • E04B2001/8423—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
  • E04B2001/8442—Tray type elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
  • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
  • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
  • E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered

Definitions

• the invention relates to a plate resonator for broadband damping of rooms, for example in closed, relatively small rooms, for example: 4 x 5 m 2 and 3 m in height.
• the transfer function of a rectangular space with the dimensions of, for example, 5 x 4 x 3 m 3 shows, in the undamped unfinished state with constant airborne sound excitation, level differences of up to 40 dB between the maxima and minima for any transmission and reception points.
• the object of the invention is to provide a plate resonator that is simple in construction and does not require artificial mineral fibers. This is inventively solved by the plate resonator according to claim 1 and 1 1, some advantageous applications are characterized in claim 14 and advantageous embodiments in the subclaims. 3.1 Characteristics of the new sound absorber
• the pictures show:
• Figure 1 Transfer function of a roughly 5 x 4 x 3 m 3 rectangular space in the unfinished state
• Figure 2 Sound pressure distribution of a 7.1 x 6.2 x 2.3 m 3 rectangular space indicated by blackening [1]
• Figure 3 Compact absorber according to DE 35 04 208 (MA), consisting of:
• 1 free-floating front panel e.g. 0.5 to 2 mm St or AL
• Figure 7 Visible edge fastening of a composite panel resonator in a corner of the room
• Figure 10 (Equivalent) degree of absorption of a prototype of the component according to the invention, each with an individual area of 1.4 m 2 , arranged in 4 corners of the room [10]
• Figure 1 1 Transfer function of the room as in Figure 1 after the installation of 6 1.4 m 2 plate resonators each in the corners of the room
• Figure 12 Reverberation time of a recording studio with 30% ALFA lining
• Figure 13 Prototype of the plate resonator arranged "lying" according to Figure 10.
• FIG. 14 Another variant of the plate resonator a) as in Fig. 4 b) with an additional soft foam layer c) with an additional plate 103 on the soft foam layer 101 d) with a further soft foam layer 105 on the plate 103
• Figure 15 A further development without a rigid rear wall a) as a 2-mass / spring system b) with additional soft foam layer 101 c) the plate resonator in a trough 110, both plates 1 and 1a being "floating" d) with fleece Cover 120 with a floating plate and a plate 1a resting on the tub
• FIG. 16 Another version of the plate resonator when used as a wall element or element hanging in the room, e.g. as a facing
• a large area (0.5 to 2.0 m 2 ) that can be stretched in room corners with a particularly high sound energy density in the manner of a trampoline, and is flexible in all its elements, flat, parallel to its edges, parallel to the wall or ceiling,
• the component according to the invention can be fastened, for example, to the ceiling in a punctiform, strip-like or full-surface manner using adhesive, adhesive strips or so-called Velcro fasteners (4).
• Velcro fasteners (4) For assembly and disassembly as well as return or disposal of the eB, it would in any case be advantageous if the connections (3) of the front and back panels as well as those of the panel resonator and structure (5) could be detached again at any time without residues that are difficult to remove or dispose of. Numerous materials and connection technologies used in the textile and packaging industry are available for this.
• FIG. 5 An example of this, such as is recommended for wall cladding, is shown in Figure 5: the narrow angle rails (8), which are dowelled in the raw component using small plates (9) and give the eB support and fixation, remain invisible behind the front plate .
• the front panel can be locked in position, for example, by means of hard rubber pins on the rear of the front panel Figure 6 happen, which snap into prepared holes in the plates (10) of the corner profiles in the manner of push buttons (1 1).
• the attachment can be designed so that the interior designer or decorator finds a structurally well fixed, stable, smooth surface, which he can paint, print, coat, cover or structure as required without significantly changing its acoustic properties.
• the sound absorber does not stand in the way of the interior, but offers itself as an additional design element (e.g. also as a mirror) if the component is attached to the wall or is in the room.
• the component according to the invention must also be tuned to the desired frequency range.
• the frequency range from 125 to 63 or even 50 Hz is of particular interest [1] ([1] Fuchs, HV; Hunecke, J .: The room plays along at low frequencies.
• the decay is determined at a microphone position in a corner of the room with the different natural resonances of the room. From the difference between the decay times to without or t m, which can be measured so cleanly, with the absorbers also attached in the corners, one can, as usual, an (or "effective") absorption area A e related to the component surface S as an "equivalent" degree of absorption
• Figure 10 shows an example of such an ⁇ e measurement: measured from 100 Hz upwards with third-octave noise and below 100 Hz with sine excitation with the natural resonances (down to 35 Hz). If you cover only around 10% of the total area in the corners and edges with this prototype, then its transfer function (see Fig. 1) can be smoothed according to Fig. 1 1 to hardly more than 10 dB level fluctuation below 100 Hz.
• the component according to the invention thus provides a very effective means of avoiding or eliminating the "booming" in small rooms.
• Figure 12 shows the reverberation time of a recording studio optimized with various prototypes (all with a construction depth of only 100 mm and a weight of 7 - 20 kg / m 2 ): with an approx. 30% occupancy, the reverberation time only increases below 63 Hz to slightly higher Values.
• the front plate with its vibrations can to a certain extent "adapt" to the spatial and temporal structure of the room modes and thus optimally deform and resonate due to its completely free mobility.
• this forced resonance is most pronounced in the corners and edges of the rectangular spaces, in which the airborne sound energy is concentrated at the low frequencies of the lowest eigenmodes of the room.
• a front plate supported at most at the 4 corners lies with its lowest natural frequency f -
• the back plate not only acts as a self-resilient element with high “internal” (viscoelastic) losses, but, with all-round open access to the airborne sound waves, it also acts as a (rigidly opposed to the airborne sound), but open-pore structure with known "high” external friction in the forming unsteady shear layers. According to the different mechanisms of action, 3 strong damping effects can typically be seen in the absorption spectrum of Figure 10, which was determined using a measurement method tailored to the specific problem:
• Figure 10 Above about 100 Hz, Figure 10 also shows an absorption well above 0.5 to 1, which cannot be explained by the resonance of the composite panel. Although the frontal sound waves should actually be totally reflected by the composite panel at higher frequencies, the finite extent and the all-round open construction of the component according to the invention ensure that sound waves at medium Frequencies (between approximately 100 and 1000 Hz) reach the porous back plate by diffraction and are converted into heat there as in a conventional passive absorber.
• medium Frequencies between approximately 100 and 1000 Hz
• Figure 14a shows the plate resonator according to Figure 4.
• Figure 14b shows that a soft foam pad 101 is arranged in the sound direction in front of the front panel 1, the front panel and pad being connected by means of an all-over adhesive 102.
• Figure 14c shows a further possibility, namely the attachment of a further thin front plate 103, which was constructed in exactly the same way as the front plate 1, and which is connected to the soft foam layer 101 by the full-surface adhesive 104.
• Figure 14d shows another variant, the attachment of another soft foam layer 105 by means of an adhesive 106 on the front plate 103.
• the soft foam layers 101 and 105 are particularly advantageous for absorption at higher frequencies.
• the design according to Figure 14c means that the second plate acts as an additional mass and the soft foam layer 101 acts as an additional spring.
• the soft foam pads can be of different thicknesses in order to absorb sound at different frequencies.
• Another particularly advantageous application of the basic idea of the invention is particularly advantageous for larger halls or rooms with a high ceiling.
• buildings z. B Representative rooms and industrial halls, the ceiling is then artificially pulled down or hung down.
• ventilation ducts, electrical and / or pneumatic lines or ducts are then often arranged below the ceiling.
• Figure 15a shows the plate resonator adapted for such applications.
• the plate resonator on the back of the back plate 2 has a thin one
• Plate 1 a similar to the front plate 1, so that the resonator with the two masses of plates 1 and 1 a vibrates with the spring 2 in between, the two plates 1 and 1 a swinging against each other, as they do according to Figure 14c.
• the plate resonator according to Figure 15 a is suspended from the ceiling 5 by means of the suspensions 18.
• the suspensions 18 are expediently designed to be variable in length as in the case of the generally known suspended ceilings.
• Figure 15b the plate resonator is additionally equipped with a soft foam pad 101 analogous to Figure 14b.
• Figure 15c shows another possibility of using the plate resonator without the plate resonator being attached to a rigid ceiling or rear wall.
• the plate resonator floating in a tub 1 10, z. B. of metal or plastic, the tub has large holes, with a hole area percentage> 30%.
• the tub 1 10 is then mounted below the ceiling on support beams 111.
• Figure 15d shows a variant of 15c, where the plate 1a rests on the tub 110 and the soft foam layer 101 is floating in the tub 110.
• a fleece cover 120 is additionally drawn between the plate resonator and the trough 110 for better handling.
• Figure 16 shows the plate resonator as a sound absorber effective on both sides with a 2-mass / spring system, the back plate 2a being arranged between plates 1b and 1c and soft foam pads 101 being attached to these plates 1a and 1c on the other side.
• Soft foam layer, plate and back plate 2a are again connected to one another by means of full-surface bonds and form a sandwich structure.
• This sound absorber can again be encased in a fleece 120 and suspended by means of a tub or border 1 10. This arrangement comes in for high rooms Question.
• This sound absorber can also be used in rooms of normal height and can be designed, for example, as a partition, wall element or room divider.
• the tub or border 1 10 should then be acoustically decoupled from the floor or any existing support.
• the plate resonator works not only as an absorber (silencer) but also as sound insulation for the rooms above, in the case of Figure 15, or the adjacent rooms in the case of use as a wall element or room divider.

Landscapes

• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Multimedia (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
• Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
• Registering, Tensioning, Guiding Webs, And Rollers Therefor (AREA)
• Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
• Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
• Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
• Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=7754965

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (36)

Family Cites Families (12)

• 1995
  • 1995-02-24 DE DE19506511A patent/DE19506511C2/de not_active Revoked
• 1996
  • 1996-02-23 AT AT96905783T patent/ATE217665T1/de active
  • 1996-02-23 US US08/894,639 patent/US5975238A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-02-23 EP EP96905783A patent/EP0811097B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-02-23 ES ES96905783T patent/ES2179934T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-02-23 DE DE59609217T patent/DE59609217D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-02-23 JP JP8525409A patent/JPH11509934A/ja active Pending
  • 1996-02-23 WO PCT/EP1996/000751 patent/WO1996026331A1/fr not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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