Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
  • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
  • A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
  • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
  • A62D3/37—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by reduction, e.g. hydrogenation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
  • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
  • C22B1/02—Roasting processes
  • C22B1/08—Chloridising roasting
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
  • C22B7/04—Working-up slag
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
  • A62D2101/08—Toxic combustion residues, e.g. toxic substances contained in fly ash from waste incineration
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
  • A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
  • A62D2101/43—Inorganic substances containing heavy metals, in the bonded or free state
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D2203/00—Aspects of processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change in the substances
  • A62D2203/02—Combined processes involving two or more distinct steps covered by groups A62D3/10 - A62D3/40
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
  • Y02P10/20—Recycling
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
  • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for separating copper and heavy metals from waste incineration residues and slags.
• the invention now aims to make such heavy metal-containing waste incineration residues suitable for subsequent processing, in which, for example in connection with steel slags, environmentally compatible hydraulic binders or other valuable materials can be recovered.
• the method according to the invention essentially consists in that the waste incineration or pyrolysis residues and slags together with chlorine- or chloride-containing substances, such as flue gas cleaning residues, CaCl2 from the manufacture of soda, common salt, chlorine-containing organic solvents or electroplating slurries are heated to over 650 ° C under reducing conditions, whereupon Cu chlorides and volatile heavy metal chlorides, such as PbCl2 or ZnCl2, are drawn off in the gas phase.
• chlorine- or chloride-containing substances such as flue gas cleaning residues, CaCl2 from the manufacture of soda, common salt, chlorine-containing organic solvents or electroplating slurries
• the waste incineration residues and slags or pyrolysis residues are roasted together with chlorine- or chloride-containing substances and reducing conditions are maintained during this roasting, heavy metals in the form of volatile chlorides can be separated off and discharged via the gas phase.
• the gas phase can be purified in a conventional manner, copper, chloride, lead chloride and zinc chloride being able to be retained quantitatively in filters.
• such a method also allows other difficult-to-dispose products such as chlorine-containing organic solvents and flue gas cleaning residues or calcium chloride from soda production to be worked up, with a large number of problematic substances being able to be disposed of simultaneously.
• the heavy metal chlorides mentioned have a relatively low vapor pressure at low temperatures.
• the vapor pressures of relevant heavy metal chlorides have the following values at 600 ° C:
• a corresponding lowering of the respective partial pressure must be carried out, for example, using purge gas, or else one must work under at least partial vacuum.
• the process according to the invention is advantageously carried out in such a way that flushing gases, in particular hot combustion gases for discharging the volatile chlorides, are used at temperatures between 650 ° and 1400 ° C., whereby sufficient volatilization of the heavy metal chlorides is observed.
• purge gas work can also be carried out in the partially evacuated shaft furnace, or purge gas can be used under reduced pressure.
• the chlorination would have to take place at temperatures of about 1400 ° C., ie at the melting temperature.
• the measure according to the invention ensures that a sufficiently large depletion of heavy metals in conventional shaft furnaces with combustion exhaust gases as purge gas is already achieved at temperatures of 850 ° C., preference being given to heating the waste incineration residues and slags to temperatures of about 850 ° C in a shaft furnace or a rotary kiln.
• the heavy metals can be recovered from the gas phase in a particularly simple manner by passing the volatile gas phase containing heavy metal chlorides through a filter and by dissolving the filter dust containing heavy metal chloride in water and / or cementing it with Fe scrap, whereupon the heavy metal chlorides are extracted and / or the heavy metals are separated by fractional electrolysis and / or fractionally distilled. When cementing with scrap iron, the heavy metal oxides are reduced and iron chloride is formed. In fractional electrolysis, copper, tin, nickel and other metals can be separated separately and in high purity.
• the heated solid residues in an amount of 10 to 40% by weight, preferably about 20 % By weight is mixed with liquid steel slag or lime marl to form a mixed slag, the remaining evaporating heavy metals, such as Pb and Zn, being separated from the gas phase and any chlorides dissolved in the mixed slag, such as CaCl 2 , being oxidized while driving off CI 2 and the Mixing slag over a turbulent Fe bath with a C content between 3 and 4 % Is reduced.
• the process for reducing roasting of waste incineration residues and slag can be combined with a corresponding process for the production of synthetic blast furnace slag with particular advantage, since the CO formed by the required carbon contents in the iron bath can be used particularly well for energy purposes. It is advantageously carried out for this that the CO formed during the reduction of the slag mixture by the carbon dissolved in the Fe bath is used for further combustion and heating of the mixed slag or the residues.
• the liquid mixed slag bauxite or Al2O3 is added.
• the partial pressures required for the volatile chlorides can be set either by appropriate amounts of purge gas or else by using subatmospheric pressure.
• Such a garbage slag was placed in a shaft furnace together with 10% CaCl 2 (3.6% Ca + 6.4% Cl) and heated with reduced oxygen (countercurrent) in a reduced manner.
• the shaft furnace exhaust gas temperature was 850 ° C.
• the roasted, molten waste slag had the following analysis: Component .ei1 (%)
• the roasted garbage slag was mixed with 80% steel slag of the following composition in the liquid state:
• the mixed slag was composed as follows: Component share (%)
• Zn and Pb evaporate practically quantitatively and could be obtained from the exhaust gas.
• This mixed slag was reduced in an OBM converter over a turbulent iron bath using carbon dissolved in the iron bath.
• the heat of reduction and the waste heat losses were fed into the process very economically by partially burning the CO formed in the converter upper part in the gas phase.
• the reduced slag had the following composition:
• the water-granulated slag proved to be a well hydraulically active mixed cement component.
• approx. 10% bauxite (Al 2 O 3 ) was added to the liquid slag melt.
• the Regulus obtained (pig iron) had the following composition:
• Component ante 11 (%
• the process was carried out in such a way that the carbon content of the iron bath was always in the range between 3 and 4% by weight.
• the pig iron obtained in this way is a high-quality feedstock for the steel industry.
• a carbon-free, highly enriched ferro-chromium alloy can again be obtained by fractional reduction.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (1)

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• 1996
  • 1996-02-08 AT AT0023396A patent/AT405191B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1997
  • 1997-01-15 HR HRA233/96 patent/HRP970030B1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-02-05 SK SK1324-97A patent/SK132497A3/sk unknown
  • 1997-02-05 CZ CZ973058A patent/CZ305897A3/cs unknown
  • 1997-02-05 HU HU9901450A patent/HUP9901450A2/hu unknown
  • 1997-02-05 WO PCT/AT1997/000021 patent/WO1997029214A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1997-02-05 EP EP97901474A patent/EP0820532A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1997-02-05 CA CA002216714A patent/CA2216714A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-02-07 ZA ZA9701032A patent/ZA971032B/xx unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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