Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
  • E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
  • E04D5/10—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form by making use of compounded or laminated materials, e.g. metal foils or plastic films coated with bitumen

Definitions

• the invention relates to bitumen-based roofing membranes with a non-woven polyester insert and a further insert made of glass fibers with improved properties.
• roofing membranes for covering flat roofs based on bitumen are mainly composed of standardized membranes, which usually each have a carrier insert, predominantly made of glass fleece, glass fabric or polyester fleece, which are impregnated with bitumen and then coated on both sides with a bitumen covering layer.
• the carrier inserts are divided into two main groups, namely textile glass inserts and synthetic fiber inserts.
• Textile glass inlays are characterized by high dimensional stability, but they have disadvantages in terms of stretchability and other mechanical properties such as tear resistance and perforation resistance. Textile glass inlays can be processed easily by machine. Chemical fiber inlays, especially polyester nonwovens, have good mechanical properties with very good elasticity. However, they are not very dimensionally stable and, compared to glass fiber inserts, require much more complex processing.
• polyester nonwovens can no longer be completely impregnated at high grammages, especially if they are solidified with binders or if highly viscous bitumens are used.
• synthetic fiber inserts have a significantly higher price than textile glass inserts.
• Either so-called standard and oxide bitumens, which have a relatively low viscosity and are therefore easy to process, are used as impregnating and covering compounds for the production of roofing membranes.
• these bitumens have disadvantages with regard to their resistance to aging and the occurrence of signs of fatigue.
• the temperature behavior does not fully meet practical requirements.
• polymer bitumens from mixtures of SBS rubber or aPP homo- and / or copolymers, which are modified with distillation bitumens and provided with stabilizers and fillers and optionally other additives.
• polymer bitumen shows a significantly improved resistance to aging and better temperature behavior.
• the high viscosities are disadvantageous, which lead to a correspondingly more difficult processability.
• the majority of the roofing membranes used consist of a glass fiber fleece or glass fabric insert or polyester fleece, which are coated on both sides with filled oxide or polymer bitumen.
• Attempts have also already been made to reduce undesirable properties of the polyester nonwovens, such as low dimensional stability and / or their flammability, by the simultaneous use of synthetic fiber and glass fiber inserts; for example in DE-OS 3145266 the use of polyester inserts together with less elastic Supports such as glass fleece or glass fabric are proposed to increase the break resistance of the sheets.
• European patent specification 0269989 the use of polyester fleece together with a net-like glass scrim is proposed in order to improve the fire safety of such webs.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of eliminating the disadvantages of the previously known webs.
• roofing membranes with the features of claim 1 are proposed.
• roofing membranes can be produced with an insert made of special polyester nonwovens and a spaced-apart glass fiber nonwoven, which fully meet the requirements and are easy to process if thermally bonded polyester nonwovens or those with little binding agent are used with incorporated glass threads .
• the incorporation of glass threads in the production of the polyester nonwovens in both one and in different directions is known per se.
• Such reinforced nonwovens are used as reinforcements in vehicle and plant construction.
• the grammage of such a fleece can be varied within a wide range by the number and thickness of the glass threads.
• the glass portion of the total grammage of the glass fiber reinforced polyester nonwovens should be over 10 g / m 2 .
• the orientation of the glass fibers in the fleece can be unidirectional or multidirectional.
• the polyester fiber used for the production of the nonwoven is preferably one which is coated on the outside in a manner known per se with a thin layer of polyamide, since it has been found that such nonwovens can also be impregnated particularly well with highly viscous polymer bitumen.
• the web Spaced from the polyester fleece, the web contains a glass fiber fleece with a grammage in the range of 30-100 g / m 2 or above. Since the requirements for tensile strength demand 1000N or above, the glass thread or polyester content in the reinforced polyester fleece can be varied without any problems, for example, with a constant grammage of the glass fiber fleece that the proportion of synthetic fibers in this fleece can be significantly reduced.
• F F (CV) + (F (CF) + F, PV) ) * * F, PV) at 2-3% elongation
• the reduced synthetic fiber content means that the manufacture can be made significantly cheaper and, in addition, the combustibility is reduced due to the reduced Polyester content reduced.
• the processability is also significantly improved, in particular if polymer bitumen is used as the impregnating and covering compound, which, because of its high viscosity, can otherwise lead to processing difficulties. Only polymer bitumen is preferably used as the impregnating and covering compound. During production, care must be taken to ensure that all inlays are completely soaked, which means that the polymer bitumen directly and completely encloses both the glass threads and the polyester fibers.
• the roofing membranes according to the invention have a surprisingly good dimensional stability and perforation behavior (measured according to the UEatc guidelines) and an excellent maximum tensile strength and perforation behavior (measured according to DIN 52123) with good rollability at the same time.
• polyester inserts can also be used, as a result of which the proportion of organic insert material can be reduced even further.
• these are preferably arranged off-center so that the glass fiber fleece insert and one or at least one polyester fleece insert are located in the upper half of the web or one or more polyester fleece inserts in the lower half.
• the individual inserts can have different total grammages.
• the surface of the web can usually be sanded or slated or provided with a different surface structure.
• the roofing membranes according to the invention are produced in a manner known per se using the calendering process or by means of the usual roofing membrane machines, as described, for example, in DE-OS 140991 1.
• the webs according to the invention have excellent dimensional stability, which is noticeable both in the manufacture and in practical use. They are inexpensive due to the significantly lower consumption of polyester material. In addition, they are easy to roll and because of the lower proportion of organic carriers, their fire behavior is much cheaper than with the previously known railways.
• Lane 1 An insert made of polyester fleece with a grammage of 125 g without glass thread reinforcement and without spaced glass fiber fleece. -5
• Lane 2 a non-woven polyester insert with a grammage of 200 g, otherwise like Lane 1
• Lane 3 a polyester fleece insert with a grammage of 125 g
• Lane 4 an insert made of polyester fleece with a grammage of 125 g without glass fiber reinforcement and an insert made of glass fiber fleece with a grammage of 50 g.
• Web 5 a polyester fleece insert with a grammage of 200 g / m 2 and a glass fiber fleece insert such as web 4
• Lane 6 an insert made of polyester fleece with a grammage of 125 g and a glass thread reinforcement of 30 g / m and an insert made of glass fiber fleece with a grammage of 50 g / m.
• the roofing membrane 1 has a polyester fleece insert with incorporated glass threads 2 and at a distance from it a glass fiber fleece 3 in the bitumen matrix 4.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=8004445

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

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Family Cites Families (4)

• 1995
  • 1995-02-24 DE DE29503134U patent/DE29503134U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1996
  • 1996-02-20 AT AT96902282T patent/ATE176291T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-02-20 EP EP96902282A patent/EP0830487B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-02-20 PL PL96321812A patent/PL321812A1/xx unknown
  • 1996-02-20 WO PCT/EP1996/000694 patent/WO1996026335A1/fr not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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