EP0834577A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement de metal fondu et une fonte ou un acier produit par ce procédé - Google Patents
Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement de metal fondu et une fonte ou un acier produit par ce procédé Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0834577A1 EP0834577A1 EP96810642A EP96810642A EP0834577A1 EP 0834577 A1 EP0834577 A1 EP 0834577A1 EP 96810642 A EP96810642 A EP 96810642A EP 96810642 A EP96810642 A EP 96810642A EP 0834577 A1 EP0834577 A1 EP 0834577A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- melt
- oxide
- partially
- particulate
- oxidic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 62
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 30
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001038 basic metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000161 steel melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000723 Meehanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006902 nitrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
- C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
- C22C33/10—Making cast-iron alloys including procedures for adding magnesium
- C22C33/12—Making cast-iron alloys including procedures for adding magnesium by fluidised injection
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the treatment of alloys or unalloyed iron melting by adding at least a substance to change the morphology of the in carbon or graphite present in the melt.
- the method according to the invention is based on that of the invention leading realization that very fine-particle oxidic Substances, especially basic metal oxides, e.g. with particle sizes in the range of about 1 - 10 ⁇ m, in a molten metal stay dispersed once in the Melt are distributed, preferably preferably essentially evenly.
- the invention further relates to applications of the invention Method with the features of claims 7 and 8.
- the invention also relates to a device for carrying it out of the inventive method with the features of claim 9.
- the invention also relates to cast iron and cast steel, the or the according to the inventive method is preserved.
- Such a distribution can be simple and according to the invention effective with the help of e.g. for oxygen freshening known hollow lance take place to carry out the
- the inventive method introduced into the melt is and a stream of a gaseous and preferably inert carrier medium, e.g. Carbon dioxide or nitrogen, with aerosol-like or smoke-like suspended therein, blows finely divided metal oxide into the melt.
- a gaseous and preferably inert carrier medium e.g. Carbon dioxide or nitrogen
- aerosol-like or smoke-like suspended therein blows finely divided metal oxide into the melt.
- the mouth of the hollow lance can be conveniently approximately in the middle of the Melting crucible, the pan or the converter can be arranged and up to the bottom in the containing the melt Immerse the container.
- the given conditions for each optimal position of the lance mouth can be determined if necessary simple professional tests can be determined.
- the blowing in of the stream of gaseous carrier and in it suspended fine-particle metal oxide using a lance is only a preferred one and not a critical one Measure for carrying out the inventive Procedure; the stream of carrier gas and oxide can also from be introduced into the molten iron below or laterally.
- gaseous carriers such as carbon monoxide, water vapor, Oxygen and noble gases (He, Ne, Ar) come in Question if the resulting costs or any Reactions with the melt or its components are acceptable are.
- Particulate material consisting at least partially of oxidic components comprises metal oxides, preferably basic metal oxides, such as magnesium oxide, individually or in a mixture, and also non-metallic oxide precursors, such as carbonates, which convert to oxides under the conditions of the melt and which are also sufficiently finely divided
- the oxidic material preferably consists at least predominantly, ie at least approximately 50% by weight, of metal oxide, in particular basic metal oxide
- alkali metal such as Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs
- alkaline earth metal such as Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba
- rare earth metals lanthanum and lanthanides with the atomic numbers
- the additive used should be at least partially in oxidic form under the conditions of a molten iron environment or be convertible into it, without splitting off elemental hydrogen or nitrogen or forming it hydrolytically.
- the oxidic additive used is essentially free of moisture, preferably the oxidic material or its precursor is essentially free of components which, under the conditions of the melt, have adverse physical (eg steam development) and / or chemical effects (nitrogenation) exercise.
- finely divided is generally understood to mean an additional material which consists at least partially and preferably predominantly (ie at least 50% by weight) of particles with a size of less than 10 ⁇ m.
- the oxidic additive is at least partially consists of particles with sizes in the range of 1 ⁇ m. Magnesium oxide with such particle sizes is available in technical quantities. Particles with sizes over 10 ⁇ m can also be used, but such particles tend to float when the melt is static solidified.
- the optimum particle size according to the invention of the oxidic filler is generally one that results in the particles floating in the molten iron without significant floating.
- melt is expediently carried out after the melting phase in the melting furnace or instead of the usual one Mg treatment in a treatment or watering vessel.
- the Sulfur content of an iron melt to be treated according to the invention preferably as deep as possible and preferably below about 0.30% by weight, in particular below 0.1% by weight.
- the composition of an iron smelter Carrying out the method according to the invention with regard to composition and trace elements meet the requirements of Melting corresponds to the state of the art the Mg treatment used to form nodular graphite will.
- the carbon content of the melt can range the proportions customary for the respective iron products and controlled in the usual way.
- the stream is gaseous Carrier and finely divided oxides suspended in it for so long is blown into the melt, based on about 0.5% on the weight of the melt, entered on metal oxide are. This can typically occur within a period of 1 - 3 minutes and preferably happens as quickly as possible. Higher proportions of up to 5% metal oxide are possible but bring in the production of cast iron with nodular graphite typically no particular advantages.
- the finely divided oxidic additional material is expedient essentially evenly distributed in the melt. This can be done by entering the gas flow achieved and if necessary by spilling the Melt to be completed. In the solidified melt can the oxide particles both in and between the graphite precipitates be included.
- the temperature of the molten iron is when the inventive method at least so far above the Melting temperature that by blowing in the desired one preheated stream of gaseous carrier and finely divided Metal oxide no cooling of the melt under the Freezing point occurs.
- Typical treatment temperatures are in the range for treatment with metallic Magnesiun usual temperatures, typically in the range of 1400 - 1550 ° C.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to replace the so far to influence graphite formation in molten iron used, optionally alloyed metallic Magnesium finely divided metal oxide, especially magnesium oxide or mixtures of MgO, CaO, rare earth metal oxides etc., and thus the disadvantages or problems metallic additives to influence the carbon morphology to avoid.
- a preferred application of the method of the invention is that for the production of cast iron with graphite embedded in spherical, nodular or vermicular form.
- a device to carry out the method according to the invention in Shape of a crucible or a cast pan with an in this insertable hollow lance with a source for a stream of gaseous carrier with suspended therein Particles from the basic metal oxide is connected.
- a such a stream can be conveniently located in a high swirl zone Turbulence is generated in which the finely divided metal oxide and the gaseous carrier is fed in and, if appropriate be preheated.
- the lance opening is designed so that as possible many small gas bubbles are created when blowing in.
- one according to the invention is also according to the invention Process received cast steel or received Cast iron.
- FIG. 1 shows more in detail an example of a suitable for carrying out the invention Investment.
- This Lance 18 is in a (not shown) tiltable container 10, immersed in the molten iron 15. Through the lance 18, the mixture of carrier gas and finely divided oxide is blown into the molten iron 15.
- liquid iron container 10 After completion of the treatment process according to the invention the liquid iron container 10 can be tilted and the treated one Molten metal after slagging and if necessary Shed vaccine with usual vaccine in the usual way will.
- FIG. 2A shows a schematic illustration of a liquid metal container in the working position for performing the inventive Process by blowing a stream of gaseous carrier and fine particulate suspended in it Metal oxide 28 through the bottom of a container 20 into the molten iron 25.
- Fig. 2B shows the position of the container 20 for Filling and emptying the container 20 with molten iron 25th
- Example 2 The procedure was as in Example 1, but with the modification, that the injected stream of nitrogen is not a metal oxide contained. Examination of the castings received showed lamellar graphite inclusions, i.e. the Graphite formation from gray cast iron.
- Modifications of the invention include the introduction of finely divided oxidic material, as explained above, in the Melt in combination with the introduction of metallic and e.g. more desired as alloy components or modifiers Components in finely divided form, and / or in combination with the implementation of known fresh or refining processes by introducing one with the melt or their components of reactive gas.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96810642A EP0834577A1 (fr) | 1996-09-30 | 1996-09-30 | Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement de metal fondu et une fonte ou un acier produit par ce procédé |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96810642A EP0834577A1 (fr) | 1996-09-30 | 1996-09-30 | Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement de metal fondu et une fonte ou un acier produit par ce procédé |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0834577A1 true EP0834577A1 (fr) | 1998-04-08 |
Family
ID=8225707
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96810642A Withdrawn EP0834577A1 (fr) | 1996-09-30 | 1996-09-30 | Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement de metal fondu et une fonte ou un acier produit par ce procédé |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0834577A1 (fr) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2911657A1 (de) * | 1978-03-24 | 1979-10-11 | Toyo Soda Mfg Co Ltd | Zusatz zum raffinieren von metallen und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
| WO1987004468A1 (fr) * | 1986-01-27 | 1987-07-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Composite d'oxyde de calcium-magnesium |
| WO1995024508A1 (fr) * | 1994-03-09 | 1995-09-14 | Elkem A/S | Agent d'inoculation pour la fabrication de fonte et son procede d'obtention |
-
1996
- 1996-09-30 EP EP96810642A patent/EP0834577A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2911657A1 (de) * | 1978-03-24 | 1979-10-11 | Toyo Soda Mfg Co Ltd | Zusatz zum raffinieren von metallen und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
| WO1987004468A1 (fr) * | 1986-01-27 | 1987-07-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Composite d'oxyde de calcium-magnesium |
| WO1995024508A1 (fr) * | 1994-03-09 | 1995-09-14 | Elkem A/S | Agent d'inoculation pour la fabrication de fonte et son procede d'obtention |
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