EP0839232B1 - Bodenverdichtung - Google Patents

Bodenverdichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0839232B1
EP0839232B1 EP95936635A EP95936635A EP0839232B1 EP 0839232 B1 EP0839232 B1 EP 0839232B1 EP 95936635 A EP95936635 A EP 95936635A EP 95936635 A EP95936635 A EP 95936635A EP 0839232 B1 EP0839232 B1 EP 0839232B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
impact
mass
frame
compactor
compactor mass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95936635A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0839232A1 (de
Inventor
Aubrey Ralph Berrangé
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Martec Ltd
Original Assignee
Martec Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=10764000&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0839232(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Martec Ltd filed Critical Martec Ltd
Publication of EP0839232A1 publication Critical patent/EP0839232A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0839232B1 publication Critical patent/EP0839232B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/026—Improving by compacting by rolling with rollers usable only for or specially adapted for soil compaction, e.g. sheepsfoot rollers

Definitions

  • THIS invention relates to the compaction of soil and in particular to the compaction of soil using an impact roller or impact compactor mass.
  • impact roller refers to a soil compaction machine including a compactor mass of non-round shape which, when towed over a soil surface, produces a series of periodic blows on the soil surface.
  • the compactor mass of an impact roller has a series of spaced apart, salient points on its periphery. Each such salient point is followed by a re-entrant portion of the periphery and each re-entrant portion is followed in turn by a compacting face.
  • the impact roller As the impact roller is towed over the soil surface, for instance by means of a tractor, it rises up on each salient point and then falls forwardly and downwardly as it passes over that point, with the result that the following compacting face applies an impact blow to the soil surface.
  • the action of the compactor mass is to accumulate potential energy as the compactor mass rises up on each salient point, then to deliver this energy as an impact blow as the compactor mass then falls and the compacting face strikes the soil surface.
  • a typical three sided compactor mass is illustrated in Figures 1(a) and 1(b) of the accompanying drawings.
  • the mass has equi-angularly spaced salient points 1, re-entrant portions 2 adjacent the salient points 1, and radiused compacting faces 3 between each re-entrant portion 2 and the next salient point 1.
  • the mass is mounted on an axle 4 and is towed in the direction of the arrow 5 by a suitable tractor.
  • the towing force causes the mass to rise up on each salient point 1 in turn, as illustrated by Figure 1(b), and then to strike a blow on the surface 6 of the soil as the relevant compacting face 3 falls down on that surface.
  • the coupling between the tractor and the compactor mass is resilient in nature to allow for the necessary forward and downward falling motion undergone by the mass as it passes over each salient point.
  • the letter R refers to the radius from the axle 4 to the extremity of a salient point 1
  • the letter r refers to the radius from the axle 4 to the surface of the compacting face 3.
  • Potential energy is created by raising the mass, about the salient point 1, through a distance of R-r, as illustrated by Figure 1(b), and the stored potential energy can be quantified as Mg(R-r) Joules where M is the mass in kilograms, g is the gravitational constant in m/sec 2 , and R and r are expressed in metres.
  • FIG. 2 of the accompanying drawings illustrates graphically a relationship between the number of compactor blows and the amount of surface settlement of the soil for a typical soil. It must be noted that the amount of surface settlement is a measure of the degree to which soil density is improved and also the depth below the surface to which the improvement in soil density takes place. Two curves are shown in Figure 2, one for a mass designed to produce 15kJ of impact energy at each blow and another for a mass designed to produce 25kJ of impact energy at each blow.
  • the curve flattens out once a certain surface settlement has been achieved so that, after a certain number of blows the amount of surface settlement hardly varies irrespective of the number of further blows that are applied to the soil.
  • the curve for the 25kJ mass is initially somewhat steeper than that for the 15kJ mass i.e. a greater surface settlement is achieved with fewer blows in the case of the 25kJ mass than in the case of the 15kJ mass during the initial stages of compaction.
  • a further circumstance in which it would be an advantage for the operator to be able to vary the value of energy per blow during operation is where the soil is too weak to sustain a high energy impact blow.
  • This invention provides an impact compaction apparatus for compacting a soil surface, the apparatus comprising a wheeled frame, at least one impact compactor mass connected rotatably to the frame for delivering periodic impact blows to the soil surface when the frame is moved over the surface, and means acting between the frame and the compactor mass for applying a variable vertical force to the impact compactor mass, thereby to vary the blow energy delivered to the soil surface at each impact blow.
  • the force applying means can apply a variable upward force to the compactor mass, a variable downward force to the mass, or it may be capable of applying both variable upward and downward forces to the mass.
  • the force applying means has resilience.
  • the force applying means comprises an air spring and means for supplying air at different pressures to the spring.
  • the force applying means may comprise an hydraulic spring in the form of a cylinder or ram, possibly of double-acting type.
  • an accumulator storing gas under pressure. in the apparatus.
  • the force applying means does not necessarily act directly on the compactor mass.
  • the force applying means acts between the frame and an axle on which the compactor mass is mounted.
  • the force applying means acts with a vertical component of force between the frame and the axle.
  • the force applying means need not necessarily be vertically acting, as long as its line of application is such as to produce a vertical component of force.
  • the force applying means may be sufficient for the or each compactor mass to be lifted clear of the soil surface so that transportation thereof can take place without the application of impact blows to the soil surface.
  • the force applying means may be responsive to an automatic sensor operatively associated with the steering mechanism of a traction unit used to tow the compactor mass, or the steering mechanism of the vehicle itself in the case of a self-powered apparatus, the sensor being arranged to cause the force applying means to raise the compactor mass or masses clear of the soil surface in response to a predetermined change in steering direction.
  • the frame may be in the form of a drawn or self-powered carriage, with a resilient linkage for connecting the compactor mass to the carriage.
  • the linkage may comprise a drag link connected rigidly to the axle at one end, a drop link which is pinned at one end to the opposite end of the drag link and at an intermediate point to the carriage, and a spring acting between the carriage and the opposite end of the drop link.
  • the spring is conveniently an hydraulic spring.
  • the apparatus may comprise more than one compactor mass.
  • FIGs 3 and 4 illustrate relevant parts of an impact compactor according to the present invention.
  • the compactor has a dual mass system with two identical three-sided compactor masses 10 connected to one another by a common axle 14.
  • each mass 10 has three salient points 11 each followed, in the order of movement, by a re-entrant portion 12 and a radiused compaction zone or compacting face 13.
  • the impact compactor of Figures 3 and 4 includes a frame or carriage 15 fitted with ground engaging wheels 16.
  • the forward end of the carriage 15 is connected solidly to a wheeled traction unit 17.
  • the axle 14 is connected to the carriage 15 by a resilient linkage which includes a draglink 18, a droplink 19 and an hydraulic spring 20 applying a traction force.
  • One end of the draglink 18 is connected fast to the axle 14.
  • the droplink 19 is pinned to the other end of the draglink 18 at a point 9 and to the carriage 15 at a point 21.
  • the hydraulic traction spring 20 acts between the traction unit 17 and the upper end of the droplink 19.
  • the traction spring 20 applies a traction force to the upper end of the droplink 19.
  • the illustrated linkage of components 18, 19 and 20 is a resilient linkage which provides a connection between the axle 14 and the traction unit 17 and hence the carriage 15. The linkage enables the axle 14 to move fore and aft as well as up and down relative to the carriage 15 as the compactor masses 10 rotate on the axle 14 in use.
  • the device 22 is an air spring of a type commonly used in heavy duty vehicles for suspension control and is capable of accommodating fore and aft movement of the axle 14 relative to the carriage 15.
  • Air under pressure is supplied via a flexible hose 23 to the air spring 22 by a compressor 42 mounted in practice on the traction unit 17.
  • a multi-position control valve 24 for the compressor 42 is in practice mounted within reach of the traction unit operator. By operating the valve 24, the operator is able to vary the air pressure in the air spring 22, and accordingly the amount of uplift applied via the drag link to the axle with a corresponding reduction in the impact energy applied to the soil surface by the compactor masses.
  • an hydraulic ram 26 is pivotally connected to the extremity of a cantilever beam 27 forming an integral part of the traction unit 17.
  • the piston rod of the ram 26 exerts a downward thrust upon the drag link 18 at a pivot point 28.
  • the details of a typical ram 26 are illustrated in Figure 5.
  • the cylinder 25 of the ram 26 is pivoted to the cantilever beam 27 by a pair of stub shafts 29 protruding from the cylinder casing.
  • the piston rod 30 is connected to a piston 31 which is reciprocable in the cylinder and which is fitted with an annular wear strip 32 that centralises the piston rod 30 relative to the cylinder bore.
  • a pressure seal 43 acts between the cylinder and the piston rod.
  • An aperture 33 passes through the piston so as to allow hydraulic fluid in the cylinder unrestricted access to both sides of the piston.
  • Hydraulic fluid is able to flow in and out of the cylinder 25 through a port 34 connected to the port 37 of an hydraulic accumulator 35.
  • the accumulator 35 is of a generally conventional type and accommodates a volume of inert gas 36 under pressure, typically within a neoprene bladder (not shown). The gas ensures that pressure is maintained in the hydraulic fluid 41 with the result that a nett downward force is exerted on the piston 31 and piston rod 30.
  • a pressure sensitive gauge 38 indicates the hydraulic pressure. Alternatively, the gauge may be calibrated to indicate the downward thrust applied by the piston rod or even to indicate actual energy per blow. Pressure in the hydraulic system can be increased by opening a valve 39, accessible to the operator, to admit hydraulic fluid from a pressure source 40, typically an hydraulic pump.
  • the valve 39 has three positions. By selection of the second, or neutral position, the fluid flow is shut off so that system pressure is maintained constant, and by selection of the third position, fluid is drained back to the reservoir tank 44, thereby reducing the system pressure and hence the thrust exerted by the piston rod 30.
  • a further practical benefit which arises from being able to effect a rapid change in energy is that with a reduction of energy by reducing the downward force of the masses on the ground the drawbar pull required for the traction wheels to pull the masses up from a compacting face onto a salient point is correspondingly reduced. Once the masses pass over the top dead centre position traction becomes easier, it being possible to restore the full load of the masses while the impact roller is in motion.
  • the downwardly acting thrust means in this example provided by the hydraulic system described above, can be provided on its own or in conjunction with the upwardly acting thrust means, in this example provided by the air spring 22. Likewise, the upwardly acting thrust means may be provided on its own.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Schlagverdichtungsvorrichtung zum Verdichten einer Bodenfläche, wobei die Vorrichtung einen mit Rädern versehenen Rahmen (15, 16) und wenigstens eine drehbar mit dem Rahmen verbundene Schlagverdichtermasse (10) zum Aufbringen periodischer Schläge auf die Bodenfläche während des Bewegens des Rahmens über die Fläche aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung femer eine zwischen dem Rahmen und der Verdichtermasse wirkende Einrichtung zum Aufbringen einer variablen vertikalen Kraft auf die Schlagverdichtermasse aufweist, um so die auf die Bodenoberfläche bei jedem Schlag aufgebrachte Schlagenergie zu variieren.
  2. Schlagverdichtungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Kraftaufbringeinrichtung eine Hebeeinrichtung (22, 24) zum Aufbringen einer variablen aufwärts gerichteten Kraft auf die Schlagverdichtermasse aufweist.
  3. Schlagverdichtungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, bei der die Hebeeinrichtung zum Aufbringen einer aufwärts gerichteten Kraft betätigbar ist, welche ausreicht, die Verdichtermasse (10) von der Bodenoberfläche abzuheben, so daß diese ohne Aufbringen von Schlägen auf die Bodenoberfläche transportiert werden kann.
  4. Schlagverdichtungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, bei der die Vorrichtung einen automatischen Sensor aufweist, der betriebsmäßig mit dem Lenkmechanismus einer zum Bewegen des Rahmens über die Bodenfläche verwendeten Zugeinheit (17) verbunden ist und die Richtung erkennt, in welche die Zugeinheit gelenkt wird, wobei der Sensor derart ausgebildet ist, daß er die Hebeeinrichtung veranlaßt, die Verdichtermasse (10) in Reaktion auf eine vorbestimmte Änderung der Lenkrichtung von der Bodenfläche abzuheben.
  5. Schlagverdichtungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, bei der die Hebeeinrichtung eine zwischen dem Rahmen und der Schlagverdichtermasse wirkende Luftfeder (22) und eine Einrichtung zum Beaufschlagen der Luftfeder mit variablem Druck aufweist.
  6. Schlagverdichtungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, bei der die Hebeeinrichtung einen Hydraulikzylinder aufweist.
  7. Schlagverdichtungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Kraftaufbringeinrichtung eine nach unten wirkende Belastungseinrichtung (26) zum Aufbringen einer variablen abwärts gerichteten Kraft auf die Schlagverdichtermasse aufweist.
  8. Schlagverdichtungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, bei der die nach unten wirkende Belastungseinrichtung (26) einen zwischen dem Rahmen und der Schlagverdichtermasse wirkenden Hydraulikzylinder (25), einen mit Gas beaufschlagten Akkumulator (35) zum Versorgen des Hydraulikzylinders mit druckbeaufschlagtem Hydraulikfluid und eine Einrichtung (39) zum Variieren des Drucks des dem Hydraulikzylinder vom Akkumulator zugeführten Hydraulikfluids.
  9. Schlagverdichtungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der der Rahmen in Form eines gezogenen oder selbstfahrenden Wagens (15) mit einem elastischen Gestänge (18, 19, 20) zum Verbinden der Verdichtermasse mit dem Wagen vorliegt.
  10. Schlagverdichtungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, bei der die Schlagverdichtermasse (10) drehbar auf einer Achse (14) montiert ist und das Gestänge eine Führungsstange (18) aufweist, die an einem Ende mit der Achse und am anderen Ende mit einer Zugeinheit (17) verbunden ist, und bei der die zwischen dem Rahmen und der Schlagverdichtermasse zum Aufbringen einer variablen vertikalen Kraft auf die Schlagverdichtermasse wirkende Einrichtung zum Wirken zwischen dem Rahmen und der Führungsstange angeordnet ist.
  11. Schlagverdichtungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 10 mit zwei drehbar an der Achse angebrachten Schlagverdichtermassen (10).
EP95936635A 1994-11-07 1995-11-07 Bodenverdichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0839232B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9422415 1994-11-07
GB9422415A GB9422415D0 (en) 1994-11-07 1994-11-07 Compaction of soil
PCT/GB1995/002616 WO1996014474A1 (en) 1994-11-07 1995-11-07 Compaction of soil

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0839232A1 EP0839232A1 (de) 1998-05-06
EP0839232B1 true EP0839232B1 (de) 2003-03-19

Family

ID=10764000

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95936635A Expired - Lifetime EP0839232B1 (de) 1994-11-07 1995-11-07 Bodenverdichtung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0839232B1 (de)
AU (1) AU3849395A (de)
DE (1) DE69530008T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2194926T3 (de)
GB (2) GB9422415D0 (de)
WO (1) WO1996014474A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111719539A (zh) * 2020-06-30 2020-09-29 孙秋月 一种公路工程施工用水沟夯实装置

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19648593C2 (de) * 1996-11-23 2000-10-12 Wacker Werke Kg Vibrationswalze
AU732609B2 (en) * 1997-05-15 2001-04-26 Compaction Technology (Soil) Limited Impact compactor
JP6527395B2 (ja) * 2015-06-15 2019-06-05 鹿島建設株式会社 締固め方法
DE102018006902A1 (de) 2018-08-30 2020-03-05 Forschungs- Und Transferzentrum Leipzig E.V. An Der Hochschule Für Technik, Wirtschaft Und Kultur Leipzig Schwingungserreger für Walzenvorrichtung zur Bodenverdichtung
CN115094716B (zh) * 2022-07-22 2024-07-30 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司道路机械分公司 一种压路机工作装置及压路机

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2909106A (en) * 1953-08-17 1959-10-20 Berrange Aubrey Ralph Impact rolling or tamping machines for the compaction of loose materials, such as road surfaces
CH436371A (de) * 1965-05-31 1967-05-31 Trachsel Jakob Bodenverdichtungsgerät
US3662658A (en) * 1969-04-02 1972-05-16 South African Inventions Impact compaction of loose materials
DE2359375C2 (de) * 1973-11-28 1984-06-14 South African Inventions Development Corp., Pretoria, Transvaal Verdichtungswalze mit einer unrunden Walzentrommel
ZA742502B (en) * 1974-04-19 1975-07-30 South African Inventions Operation of a non-circular compaction roller, and a mounting therefor
GB1583425A (en) * 1977-05-25 1981-01-28 South African Inventions Method of operating a compaction roller assembly and a compaction roller assembly
US4422795A (en) * 1979-04-09 1983-12-27 Berrange Aubrey R Compactor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111719539A (zh) * 2020-06-30 2020-09-29 孙秋月 一种公路工程施工用水沟夯实装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9422415D0 (en) 1995-01-04
AU3849395A (en) 1996-05-31
ES2194926T3 (es) 2003-12-01
DE69530008T2 (de) 2004-03-04
GB9709165D0 (en) 1997-06-25
WO1996014474A1 (en) 1996-05-17
DE69530008D1 (de) 2003-04-24
GB2310179A (en) 1997-08-20
EP0839232A1 (de) 1998-05-06
GB2310179B (en) 1998-02-25

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