EP0840075A1 - Nouvelle lentille liquide modulee destinee a condenser l'energie solaire - Google Patents

Nouvelle lentille liquide modulee destinee a condenser l'energie solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0840075A1
EP0840075A1 EP97918165A EP97918165A EP0840075A1 EP 0840075 A1 EP0840075 A1 EP 0840075A1 EP 97918165 A EP97918165 A EP 97918165A EP 97918165 A EP97918165 A EP 97918165A EP 0840075 A1 EP0840075 A1 EP 0840075A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lens
solar energy
condenser
recipients
liquid lens
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97918165A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roberto Santander Cerbell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ES09601033A external-priority patent/ES2113317B1/es
Priority claimed from ES09700507A external-priority patent/ES2123450B1/es
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0840075A1 publication Critical patent/EP0840075A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/04—Prisms
    • G02B5/06—Fluid-filled or evacuated prisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F24S23/31—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
    • F24S30/422—Vertical axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/12—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

Definitions

  • This descriptive report refers to a condenser of solar energy which incorporates a large size modulated liquid lens, using the property possessed by fluids of refracting and concentrating light when they are delimited by curved transparent surfaces, i.e., this is a lens conformed by different transparent lenticular recipients of shapes, dimensions and curvatures which permit, in their combination, the configuration of a modulated liquid lens with a focal distance which is appropriate and capacitated to be placed on a moving or fixed structure, with this structure adjusted to the characteristics of the modulated liquid lens thus constituted, permitting its construction in large dimensions, without limitation of thicknesses and shapes, having at the same time the quality of being manufactured at low cost in comparison with other known lenses of similar optical characteristics, elaborated with other materials and providing the concentration of the solar flux corresponding to large surface areas.
  • the invention possesses a condensation system based on modulated liquid lenses which considerably cheapens the cost of its installation compared with conventional lenses, also being provided with a tracking and guidance system which permits the total harnessing of the impinging rays, which always act in the most efficient form in the heat exchanger.
  • This invention has its field of application within the industry dedicated to the harnessing of solar energy by its concentration, both in the manufacturing of lenses, as elements and devices for that purpose, and within the optics industry and, in general, in all applications in which lenses of large dimensions are required, it being equally possible to use it in the industry dedicated to the manufacturing of condensers of solar energy.
  • Spanish Patent number 9101791, of 30th July 1991 which sets forth the idea of being able to concentrate the solar flux by means of lenses which have the particularity of being configured as lenticular recipients of transparent material which, when filled with a transparent fluid, semi-solid material or solidifiable material, refract the direct or previously reflected light in a way which is similar to that achieved with an ordinary lens, with the consequent cheapening of costs, integrating these ideas in a body which is materialized in the so-called "liquid lens".
  • Spanish Patent number 9402313 of 10th November 1994, which basically touches upon the possibility that the mechanism capable of harnessing solar energy by means of the use of liquid lenses will be constituted by a moving or fixed supporting structure.
  • Spanish Patent number 9601033, of 8th May 1996 which defines the characteristics of a modulated liquid lens which permits the construction of liquid lenses of large size, adequate for the purposes of harnessing solar rays on large surface areas.
  • Spanish Patent number 9700507 relating to a Modulated Liquid Lens on a moving structure, with solar tracking.
  • the condenser of solar energy which the invention proposes constitutes in itself an evident novelty within the field of application in which it is incorporated, as on the basis of a modulated liquid lens with fluid in its interior, of large dimensions, appropriate shapes and characteristics, capacitated to perform its function in an optimum manner, at a low manufacturing cost and to be used as a large collector of solar energy, placed on an appropriate structure, mobile with solar tracking or fixed without solar tracking, which permits the concentration of a large quantity of solar flux at high temperature.
  • the modulated liquid lens which forms the subject matter of this invention can be constituted with lenticular recipients of different transparent materials capable of being moulded, such as sheets of glass, organic plastic materials, inorganic materials, and similar.
  • the surfaces of the modulated lens - curved, warped, flat or mixed, spherical or cylindrical, etc. - will be given in accordance with the type of focus which it is intended to obtain, i.e.: circular, elliptic, longitudinal, etc. and will have the curvature appropriate for the distance which it is projected to obtain in each case.
  • plan form of this modulated lens may be: circular, polygonal, elliptic, parabolic, etc., and will be in accordance with the needs of projection.
  • the modulated liquid lens may be configured as a toric body of revolution, of total or partial development, of an appropriate section in accordance with its size and shape, which provides one or several centred focal points according to needs.
  • the harnessing is to be carried out in a static way, it will be possible to use the toric modulated liquid lens of partial development, whose dimensions will vary according to the needs of the surface area destined for harnessing.
  • the construction of the modulated liquid lens will be carried out on the basis of one or several individual recipients, whose shape and size will depend on the total dimensions of the modulated liquid lens to be obtained, it being possible for these recipients to be communicated with each other by means of the necessary orifices and connections in their faces, in such a way as to permit their total or partial filling with the refracting liquid.
  • each one of the individual recipients which comprise the lens may in turn be horizontally divided in its interior, in order to be filled simultaneously or alternately, and thus may be divided vertically or transversally according to the needs of obtaining the adequate focal distances.
  • any necessary joints between the different recipients will be executed by means of the use of adhesive material, solderable material or moulds, which in turn provide sufficient tightness and durability of the set of recipients which comprise the modulated liquid lens, it being possible to use joints which are elastic, rigid, semi-rigid, of smelted materials, self-supporting or with the addition of a supporting structure, executed using the appropriate sections to permit the conformation of the modulated lens.
  • the modulated lens constituted by a set of lenticular recipients assembled together, may adopt the usual shapes of lenses: convergent (biconvex, planoconvex, concave-convex) or divergent (concave, planoconcave, convex-concave).
  • the colour and the texture of the aforementioned materials with which the lenticular recipients are constructed is not in any way relevant, provided that they permit the concentration of the solar light with the greatest efficiency, it being possible to incorporate any material, product or anti-reflective device either on the surface or incorporated in the refracting fluid.
  • the assembly formed by the modulated lens and its supporting structure may be provided with whatever fastening, hinging or turning elements may be necessary, independently of whether the elements used are own or added, in order to facilitate its use, both static and dynamic.
  • the refracting fluid may be comprised by gas, water or any other refracting liquid, semi-liquid or solidifiable material, and will have the adequate composition to withstand the atmospheric and climatological conditions to which it is to be subjected, it being in this respect possible to incorporate anti-freeze, coolants or any other substance which contributes to the optimum conditions for its operation.
  • toric shape modulated lens of partial development permits the use of a purely electromechanical solar tracking system, of low cost, due to the high tolerance which this wide angle modulated lens provides, in the harnessing of large amounts of solar energy flux, with the consequent economic savings.
  • Also object of the invention is the modulated liquid lens constituted by a series of recipients which configure a central lenticular disc and several lenticular crowns which surround it, all assembled by means of the provision of a structure which gives it a spherical or cylindrical shape (dome or vault).
  • the characteristics of the modulated liquid lens permit it to behave in the same way as a conventional lens but with a clearly lower weight and thickness.
  • the light source In the vertical trajectory of the light source a liquid prism is provided which diverts by refraction the light beam towards a fixed point in the installation where the absorbent is located, the light source may also be diverted by a reflection system, all of which is arranged on a curved sliding rail.
  • a divergent liquid lens is positioned, whose mission is to transform the light source into a beam of parallel rays, which is made to impinge upon one of the faces of the liquid prism or refracting plate for its diversion towards the absorbent.
  • the assembly comprised by a divergent liquid lens and the liquid prism is provided with linear movement along the length of the sliding rail in order to permit the tracking of the light beam throughout its vertical path.
  • the receptor fluid which receives the solar energy condensed on the absorbent, circulates through a primary circuit which has a heat exchanger which transfers the heat to a secondary circuit which contains the fluid destined for the production of electrical energy or any other use, process or procedure which requires the use of high pressure and high temperature steam.
  • the condenser of solar energy is provided with a device or system for the East-West rotation of the assembly, which permits it to turn following the trajectory of the sun, and the assembly formed by the prism and the lens is provided also with equipment for tracking the light source.
  • the invention is also provided with a secondary heat production circuit which supplements the aforementioned solar powered system with a combustion system using as fuel either gas, diesel, coal or any other commonly used fuel.
  • the modulated liquid lens, condenser of solar energy is configured on the basis of a body constituted by a large size modulated lens, represented in figure number 1, comprised by a set of transparent lenticular recipients (1), of adequate types, dimensions and curvatures, which by means of the incorporation in their interior of a refracting fluid (4), permit the obtainment of an appropriate focal distance, providing the concentration, in one or two small size focuses, of the solar flux (2) corresponding to large surface areas, without limitation of thicknesses and shapes, being manufactured of different transparent materials, susceptible to moulding, it being possible for the modulated liquid lens to adopt the usual shapes of convergent or divergent lenses in all their types and it being capacitated to be placed on a moving structure with solar tracking or a fixed structure without solar tracking.
  • the modulated liquid lens as a whole may adopt any plan form: circular, polygonal, elliptic, parabolic, etc., depending on the needs of projection, it being possible to configure the lens by the connection of different toric bodies of revolution, generated by the sections of the lenticular recipients represented in figure number 2, engendered by the surface comprised between the intersection of two non-concentric circles, turning on the axis of the exterior circle, totally or partially, being extendible in the same way when the interior circle is replaced by a straight or broken line turning on the axis of the exterior circle represented in figure number 3, in such a way that, when its development is complete, it may generate a body in the form of a spherical cap or dome, complete or flattened, without limitation of sizes, in accordance with the needs of harnessing of the solar flux.
  • the lenticular recipients (1) which together comprise the modulated liquid lens, will be manufactured of transparent materials susceptible to be moulded by any method of warping, blowing, etc., such as sheets of glass, organic plastic materials, inorganic materials or similar, with an appropriate thickness in accordance with the internal pressure and external conditions which they must withstand and of the resistance characteristics of the material used, adopting the adequate geometry; these lenticular recipients being assembled together in a self-supporting form or with the addition of a structure made of sections of the appropriate material which together form the intended modulated lens, as is represented in figure number 4,.
  • the modular recipients (1) which constitute the modulated liquid lens, may in turn be subdivided horizontally (8), vertically or transversally in their interior, in any direction (9), in order to be able to be filled or emptied simultaneously or alternately with the refracting fluid (4), in accordance with the needs of obtaining different focal distances with one same modulated liquid lens, for which purpose the recipients will be provided with the necessary orifices and connections in their faces or joints (10), obtaining forms and optical combinations (as represented in figure number 5) such as the lenticular prism (11) in all its variants, the mixed or multiple convergent-divergent lens (12), and others (13), according to the different alternatives of filling or emptying of the configured recipients.
  • any joints (14) between the different lenticular recipients (1) that may be necessary will be executed by means of the use of adhesive material, solderable material or moulds, which in turn provide sufficient tightness and durability of the set of recipients which comprise the modulated liquid lens, it being possible to use joints which are elastic, rigid, semi-rigid, of smelted materials, self-supporting or with the addition of a supporting structure, executed using the appropriate sections to permit the conformation of the modulated lens.
  • the colour and texture of the aforementioned materials with which the lenticular recipients are constructed is in no way relevant, provided that they permit the concentration of the solar light with the greatest efficiency, it being possible to incorporate any material, product or anti-reflective device either on the surface or incorporated in the refracting fluid (4).
  • the refracting fluid (4) may be comprised by gas, water or any other liquid, semi-liquid or solidifiable refracting component, and will have the appropriate composition to withstand the atmospheric and climatological conditions to which it is to be subjected, it being in this sense possible to incorporate anti-freeze, coolants or any other substance which contributes to the optimum conditions necessary.
  • the assembly formed by the modulated lens and its supporting structure may be provided with whatever fastening, hinging or turning elements may be necessary, independently of whether the elements used are own or added, in order to facilitate its use, both static and dynamic.
  • the parallel beam impinges on an absorber (26), after passing through a selective window (25), which is intended to minimize the heat losses of the absorber (26).
  • the absorber (26) transfers the heat to the fluid in a primary circuit (27) which, by means of an exchanger, cedes the heat to a secondary fluid (28) which uses it for any use which requires high pressure and high temperature steam, being provided with at least one selective window and housed within a vacuum chamber, in order to minimize losses of heat by radiation.
  • the modulated liquid lens (21) formed by different glass recipients, has the appropriate thickness and characteristics to permit the maximum transmissivity and the structural strength necessary to withstand the interior pressure of the fluid and the stresses derived from its constitution and method of fixture.
  • the modulated liquid lens (21) is constituted on the basis of a plurality of lenticular recipients, positioned concentrically to a central lenticular disc (32) and mounted on a reticular structure (33), executed preferentially in steel or aluminium of high strength.
  • the whole assembly described above may turn by means of turning mechanisms (30) for the perfect tracking of the solar trajectory, which, together with the previously delimited context, permits the movement of the divergent lens (22) and the liquid prism (23) along the curved structure (23) following the condensed focus, achieving the reception of the solar rays in the most suitable way.
  • the solar energy condenser on a moving structure is provided with an element for the generation of heat by combustion (29) which can supplement the lack of solar energy in periods of low radiation or during the night and can be constituted in any way and by means of any application which is considered appropriate, such as an element, device or annex to the installation, powered by energies of any type.
  • the condenser which will be hermetically sealed, will be provided with equipment for the recovery of residual heat (34) for different uses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
EP97918165A 1996-05-08 1997-05-08 Nouvelle lentille liquide modulee destinee a condenser l'energie solaire Withdrawn EP0840075A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES09601033A ES2113317B1 (es) 1996-05-08 1996-05-08 Nueva lente modulada condensadora de energia solar.
ES9601033 1996-05-08
ES9700507 1997-03-07
ES09700507A ES2123450B1 (es) 1997-03-07 1997-03-07 Nuevo condensador de energia solar sobre estructura movil.
PCT/ES1997/000119 WO1997042452A1 (fr) 1996-05-08 1997-05-08 Nouvelle lentille liquide modulee destinee a condenser l'energie solaire

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0840075A1 true EP0840075A1 (fr) 1998-05-06

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EP97918165A Withdrawn EP0840075A1 (fr) 1996-05-08 1997-05-08 Nouvelle lentille liquide modulee destinee a condenser l'energie solaire

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6124980A (fr)
EP (1) EP0840075A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000500884A (fr)
CN (1) CN1196787A (fr)
AU (1) AU2638997A (fr)
BR (1) BR9702249A (fr)
IL (1) IL122881A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997042452A1 (fr)

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WO2006079671A1 (fr) * 2005-01-25 2006-08-03 Roberto Santander Cerbell Lentille liquide solaire
DE102007040922A1 (de) * 2007-08-30 2009-03-05 Pittroff, Elmar Solarkraftwerk
EP3470751A4 (fr) * 2016-06-09 2020-02-12 Santander Y Santana, S.L. Système condensateur d'énergie solaire, avec lentille liquide de type cylindrique et absorbant de type « corps noir »

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EP1953573A1 (fr) * 2007-02-05 2008-08-06 Paul & Charlene Investment Inc. Lentille avec liquide inséré, et système de focalisation de panneau solaire
US8158712B2 (en) 2007-02-21 2012-04-17 Powervision, Inc. Polymeric materials suitable for ophthalmic devices and methods of manufacture
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JP5426547B2 (ja) 2007-07-23 2014-02-26 パワーヴィジョン・インコーポレーテッド レンズ送出システム
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006079671A1 (fr) * 2005-01-25 2006-08-03 Roberto Santander Cerbell Lentille liquide solaire
ES2281231A1 (es) * 2005-01-25 2007-09-16 Roberto Santander Cerbell Lente liquida solar.
ES2281231B1 (es) * 2005-01-25 2008-07-16 Roberto Santander Cerbell Lente liquida solar.
US7580196B2 (en) 2005-01-25 2009-08-25 Roberto Santander Cerbell Liquid solar lens
DE102007040922A1 (de) * 2007-08-30 2009-03-05 Pittroff, Elmar Solarkraftwerk
DE102007040922B4 (de) * 2007-08-30 2014-01-16 Kurt Elmar Pittroff Solarkraftwerk
EP3470751A4 (fr) * 2016-06-09 2020-02-12 Santander Y Santana, S.L. Système condensateur d'énergie solaire, avec lentille liquide de type cylindrique et absorbant de type « corps noir »

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IL122881A0 (en) 1998-08-16
BR9702249A (pt) 1999-12-28
MX9800268A (es) 1998-09-30
US6124980A (en) 2000-09-26
JP2000500884A (ja) 2000-01-25
CN1196787A (zh) 1998-10-21
AU2638997A (en) 1997-11-26
WO1997042452A1 (fr) 1997-11-13

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