EP0845400A2 - Méthode pour la ventilation protégée contre les surpressions de trains à grande vitesse. - Google Patents

Méthode pour la ventilation protégée contre les surpressions de trains à grande vitesse. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0845400A2
EP0845400A2 EP97118696A EP97118696A EP0845400A2 EP 0845400 A2 EP0845400 A2 EP 0845400A2 EP 97118696 A EP97118696 A EP 97118696A EP 97118696 A EP97118696 A EP 97118696A EP 0845400 A2 EP0845400 A2 EP 0845400A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
air
fan
speed
throttle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97118696A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0845400A3 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Dr. Adolph
Maik Coldewey
Klaus Feuerstack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Faiveley Transport Leipzig GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
HFG Hagenuk Faiveley GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HFG Hagenuk Faiveley GmbH filed Critical HFG Hagenuk Faiveley GmbH
Publication of EP0845400A2 publication Critical patent/EP0845400A2/fr
Publication of EP0845400A3 publication Critical patent/EP0845400A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/0009—Means for controlling or equalizing air pressure shocks in trains, e.g. when passing or crossing in tunnels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for pressure-protected Ventilation of high-speed trains.
  • the invention includes a combined system consisting of the components connected in series Throttle valve and fan, which are coordinated depending on each other be controlled by external pressure surges so that the internal pressure in the Vehicle does not exceed permissible limits, always sufficient Air supply is guaranteed.
  • the carriages of high-speed trains with their ventilation systems must be designed to be pressurized in order to protect passengers from the pressure surges that are painful to the middle ear. While the manufacture of pressure-tight car bodies, including the doors, windows, transitions, etc., is to be regarded as a static problem and essentially solved, this is not so generally true for the ventilation system and for pressure surges of the dynamic system in operation.
  • the simplest solution for ventilation systems is to close the air intake openings in the event of a pressure surge that exceeds the limit values by means of quick-closing flaps or valves, which are controlled by sensors in the train or wagon or by external train influences.
  • a second so-called high-pressure fan is arranged in connection with an adapted throttle both on the fresh air and on the exhaust air side, which can be used by personnel or by pressure-sensitive routes on demand external signals are switched on (Klingel, R. Printer-ready passenger coaches for new lines "in ZEV-Gls. Ann. 112 (1988), 1, pp. 10-18.)
  • a continuous fresh air supply is advantageously achieved, but with the decisive disadvantage of a high drive power for these additional fans, which can be found under Circumstances may have to be in operation for long periods of time, even if there are only a few short-term pressure surges.
  • a further disadvantage is the fresh air supply to the compartment, which is more or less changed depending on the external pressure event, because at high overpressure or underpressure waves a multiple of the normal amount of air would be penetrated through the interior of the car, whereby the well-being of the passengers is disturbed by sudden drafts.
  • this additional amount of air also has to be cooled or heated, which brings further complications. It is also unknown whether this system has ever been implemented.
  • the pressure changes in the abbey are regulated by actuating flap actuators on both sides (fresh and exhaust air side).
  • the GM 295 10 523.2 shows a solution to all of these avoids disadvantages mentioned so far by using unregulated fans Steeper characteristic curve as a supply fan with supporting circulating fans of any design can be used advantageously.
  • Steeper characteristic curve as a supply fan with supporting circulating fans of any design can be used advantageously.
  • an almost constant air volume regardless of the external pressure events in the and conveyed out of the car, which also ensures constant pressure in the car is secured.
  • the conditions for a steep characteristic with good energetic efficiency fan preferably are the rotary lobe or vane blower, a larger mass than that Have usual radial fans and a lot of effort to reduce noise require.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for pressure-protected Ventilation of high-speed trains to introduce which the disadvantages of the above Avoids solutions and especially the advantages of the two solutions described now, i.e. Compliance with permissible pressure tolerances in the car while guaranteeing the required fresh air supply for any external pressure events.
  • the invention accordingly includes a method for pressure-protected ventilation of high-speed trains, wherein the fresh air is sucked in by a fresh air fan via a fresh air opening and an inlet throttle and is directed into the interior of the car via an air treatment device and the same amount of air as exhaust air from an exhaust fan via an exhaust air throttle to one Exhaust opening is directed.
  • pressure protection i.e.
  • the pressurized ventilation system thus consists of a fresh air side and an exhaust air side, a circulating air delivery system, a pressure detection and evaluation unit, including controller, and usually an air treatment device for cooling, dehumidifying and heating purposes or part of these functions.
  • the fresh air side consists of the fresh air throttle valve and the fresh air fan
  • the exhaust air side consists of the exhaust air fan and the exhaust air throttle valve.
  • Both fans and both throttle valves contain the respective actuators.
  • the circulating air conveyor system consists of the circulating fan with its duct system, which is adapted to the conveying conditions. The inclusion of air circulation in the regulation is generally not necessary.
  • the method according to the invention is implemented by controlling the fans and throttle valves according to values programmed into the controller on the basis of their respective delivery and throttle characteristics, depending on the sign and size of the pressure or the rate of pressure change.
  • the fans can be of a radial or axial type. Their flow rate changes significantly with pressure and speed. Frequency-adjustable three-phase drives or electronically commutated direct-current drives are preferred as drive elements for the fans because of the need to change the speed quickly.
  • the following functions can be implemented in the event of pressure protection:
  • the throttle and speed states should be regulated independently of the external pressure conditions so that a constant air flow is always conveyed through the car.
  • this airflow may deviate from the normal value. Its lower limit is usually derived from the permissible CO 2 level in the car as a measure of air quality.
  • the increased outside pressure must be throttled down by the inlet throttle to the extent that the pressure is available at the fan inlet that is required to deliver the amount of air into the car at normal outside pressure that is intended for pressure protection operation. It is not necessary to change the speed of the fresh fan.
  • the flow equation applies to the required throttle position V ⁇ ⁇ A ( ⁇ p) 0.5 . If a constant value is to be achieved for the flow rate, the ratio of equivalent nozzle area ⁇ A must be changed inversely proportional to the root of the pressure difference ( ⁇ p) 0.5 .
  • the pressure detection and evaluation unit processes this function and triggers the corresponding control command depending on the external pressure and the specified amount of air to the actuator of the throttle body. This ensures that the inflow condition results in a constant internal pressure from the fresh air side.
  • the exhaust air side must be regulated in such a way that the specified flow rate for fresh air is also pumped back into the environment regardless of the external pressure. This can only be achieved by increasing the speed of the exhaust fan.
  • the dependency relationship is the equation of similarity for turbomachines, according to which the delivery pressure changes with the square of the speed, ie p 1 / p 2nd ⁇ (n 1 / n 2nd ) 2nd .
  • the intersection with the system characteristic curve must be sought, which gives the required flow rate.
  • a sensor control can be dispensed with once you have determined the fan map and recorded the pressure-speed characteristic for the flow to be kept constant. Finally, you get a fixed relationship for the entire system between the external pressure throttle position on the inlet side (fresh air side) and the speed of the exhaust air fan.
  • a second solution which is just as energetically favorable, results if two parallel ones Inlet fans are provided in the system, which with cooling capacities, such as They are generally required in railway air conditioning systems because of this associated better loading of the heat exchangers mostly the Case is. Then the single-stage can be switched by switching a flap system Parallel connection can be brought into a two-stage series connection.
  • This solution is advantageous in that under otherwise identical conditions the speed is not increased by a factor of 3, but only by a substantial 2 what has to become has a favorable effect on the sound power level.
  • the fresh or outside air drawn in by the fresh air fan 3 passes through the fresh air opening 1 and the inlet throttle 2 to the fan 3 and from there through the air treatment device 4 into the interior 5 of the vehicle.
  • the exhaust air fan 6 sucks the same amount of air that the fresh fan 3 conveys into the car, and conveys it via the throttle 7 to the outlet opening 8.
  • the circulating air is carried out separately from the fresh and exhaust air conveying by means of the circulating fan 10. Both air flows are combined again in the air handler.
  • the circulating fan sucks the circulating air out of the car via channel 11 and conveys it back into the car via channel 12 and air handler 4.
  • the fresh air volume should be able to be reduced to the value V. 33 , ie the fresh fan 3 must run at point 33 on its characteristic curve 21 with unchanged speed.
  • the inlet throttle 2 In order for an intersection with the system characteristic to occur there, the inlet throttle 2 must be closed to such an extent that the system characteristic 32 is created. Its zero point is shifted downwards by the value of the overpressure wave ⁇ p 34 .
  • the exhaust fan must deliver the same flow rate V. 33 against the excess pressure ⁇ p 43 , which is composed of the system pressure ⁇ p 25 and the pressure of the pressure surge ⁇ p 34 .
  • the fan speed must be increased to such an extent that the fan on the fan characteristic 41 reaches the intersection 43 with the fictitious system characteristic 42.
  • both fans deliver the same air flow both in and out of the car. Deviations will occur within the scope of the technical tolerances, which are generally negligible. With an average car volume of 175m 3 and an extreme pressure surge duration of approx. 10 seconds. For example, a 20% difference in delivery on both sides will result in a maximum deviation of the pressure inside the car of 30% of the permissible deviation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
EP97118696A 1996-11-29 1997-10-28 Méthode pour la ventilation protégée contre les surpressions de trains à grande vitesse. Withdrawn EP0845400A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19649664 1996-11-29
DE1996149664 DE19649664C2 (de) 1996-11-29 1996-11-29 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur druckgeschützten Belüftung von Hochgeschwindigkeitszügen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0845400A2 true EP0845400A2 (fr) 1998-06-03
EP0845400A3 EP0845400A3 (fr) 1999-07-28

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97118696A Withdrawn EP0845400A3 (fr) 1996-11-29 1997-10-28 Méthode pour la ventilation protégée contre les surpressions de trains à grande vitesse.

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0845400A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE19649664C2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108501969A (zh) * 2018-05-10 2018-09-07 江苏必得科技股份有限公司 用于轨道车辆的车内废排装置
CN108657206A (zh) * 2018-05-10 2018-10-16 江苏必得科技股份有限公司 用于轨道车辆的车外废排装置

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19755097C1 (de) * 1997-12-11 1999-06-17 Maik Coldewey Ventilschließ-Spülluft-Druckschutzsystem
DE10114524B4 (de) * 2001-03-21 2004-02-19 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zur Klimatisierung schnellfahrender Fahrzeuge
DE102015212318A1 (de) * 2015-07-01 2017-01-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Belüften eines gekoppelte Wagen aufweisenden Fahrzeugs

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3801891C1 (fr) 1988-01-23 1989-09-07 Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gmbh, 8012 Ottobrunn, De
EP0579536A1 (fr) 1992-07-16 1994-01-19 Gec Alsthom Transport Sa Dispositif et procédé de suppression des variations brutales de pression dans les véhicules, en particulier dans les véhicules terrestres
DE29510523U1 (de) 1995-06-29 1995-10-05 Hagenuk Fahrzeugklima GmbH, 04435 Schkeuditz Druckgeschütztes Lüftungssystem
EP0700818A1 (fr) 1994-09-09 1996-03-13 HAGENUK FAHRZEUGKLIMA GmbH Système de protection contre la surpression

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3343487A1 (de) * 1983-12-01 1985-06-13 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8012 Ottobrunn Einrichtung zur belueftung und klimatisierung von fahrgastraeumen in schienenfahrzeugen
DE3884747T2 (de) * 1987-11-02 1994-01-27 Hitachi Ltd Lüftungsausrüstung für rollendes Material.
DE4314262A1 (de) * 1993-04-30 1994-11-03 Krapf & Lex Vorrichtung zur Druckbegrenzung in schnell fahrenden Schienenfahrzeugen
FR2728526B1 (fr) * 1994-12-22 1997-01-31 Gec Alsthom Transport Sa Dispositif et procede de suppression des variations brutales de pression dans les vehicules
DE19522099A1 (de) * 1995-06-19 1997-01-02 Ernst Dipl Ing Lex Belüftungsvorrichtung mit Druckschutz-Ventilator

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3801891C1 (fr) 1988-01-23 1989-09-07 Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gmbh, 8012 Ottobrunn, De
EP0579536A1 (fr) 1992-07-16 1994-01-19 Gec Alsthom Transport Sa Dispositif et procédé de suppression des variations brutales de pression dans les véhicules, en particulier dans les véhicules terrestres
EP0700818A1 (fr) 1994-09-09 1996-03-13 HAGENUK FAHRZEUGKLIMA GmbH Système de protection contre la surpression
DE29510523U1 (de) 1995-06-29 1995-10-05 Hagenuk Fahrzeugklima GmbH, 04435 Schkeuditz Druckgeschütztes Lüftungssystem

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KLINGEL, R.: "ZEV-GLS. ANN.112, 1", 1988, article "DRUCKERTÜCHTIGTE REISEZUGWAGON FUER NEUBAUSTRECKEN", pages: 10 - 18

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108501969A (zh) * 2018-05-10 2018-09-07 江苏必得科技股份有限公司 用于轨道车辆的车内废排装置
CN108657206A (zh) * 2018-05-10 2018-10-16 江苏必得科技股份有限公司 用于轨道车辆的车外废排装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19649664C1 (de) 1998-04-16
EP0845400A3 (fr) 1999-07-28
DE19649664C2 (de) 1999-12-23

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