EP0850263B1 - Polymeres a structure fractale - Google Patents

Polymeres a structure fractale Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0850263B1
EP0850263B1 EP96928280A EP96928280A EP0850263B1 EP 0850263 B1 EP0850263 B1 EP 0850263B1 EP 96928280 A EP96928280 A EP 96928280A EP 96928280 A EP96928280 A EP 96928280A EP 0850263 B1 EP0850263 B1 EP 0850263B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
polymer
fractal
reagent
produced according
reaction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96928280A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0850263A2 (fr
EP0850263A4 (fr
Inventor
Michel Serge Maxime Lefebvre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Steripak Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Steripak Pty Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Steripak Pty Ltd filed Critical Steripak Pty Ltd
Publication of EP0850263A2 publication Critical patent/EP0850263A2/fr
Publication of EP0850263A4 publication Critical patent/EP0850263A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0850263B1 publication Critical patent/EP0850263B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G83/00—Macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups C08G2/00 - C08G81/00
    • C08G83/002—Dendritic macromolecules
    • C08G83/005—Hyperbranched macromolecules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G83/00—Macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups C08G2/00 - C08G81/00
    • C08G83/002—Dendritic macromolecules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
    • C08J3/09—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids
    • C08J3/091—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids characterised by the chemical constitution of the organic liquid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of manufacture of polymeric substances having a fractal configuration or structure, and to the novel polymeric substances produced thereby. More specifically, the present invention relates to polymeric materials having a constructed or in-built reticulated (fractal) structure.
  • the compounds of the present invention have superior properties as an interstitial material for the adsorption of substances, and as a vehicle providing a new surface delivery system for chemicals, therapeutic drugs and the like.
  • This concept is particularly useful in organic chemistry and has been used to model the polymerisation of various monomeric units when stereospecific polymerisation is involved.
  • Advanced fractal geometry concepts like multifractals applied to random walk are also routinely used to describe simple step by step polymerisation reactions when lateral reticulation occurs.
  • solubility of smaller molecules is totally different to the solubility of larger molecules
  • solubility of polymers varies as a function of the length of the polymer, which means that it is possible to precipitate the larger molecules before the smaller molecules are precipitated. This means that the compound structure will be determined by means of solubility step reactions.
  • the invention further provides a method of manufacturing the above referenced polymers, comprising:-
  • the fractal polymers according to the present invention have superior properties as an interstitial material for the adsorption of substances.
  • the polymers of the present invention are useful as an additive to an adsorption material to change boundary conditions at the adsorptive surface.
  • the fractal polymers of the present invention are useful as an additive to an ion exchange resin.
  • a further use of the fractal polymers according to the present invention is an adjunct to the filtration or separation of compounds by conventional filtration or membrane separation e.g. in reverse osmosis and nanofiltration.
  • the fractal polymers are useful as an aid to dynamic filtration in that a gel layer is formed having a molecular weight cut-off well below the cut-off of the membrane being used. According to the invention it is possible to store the gel layer in immobilised form outside the filtration membrane being used.
  • the fractal dimension does not vary (ie it is invariant) in relation to the geometry of the polymerisation and reticulation of the chemical bonds, or the geometry of the stereospecificity.
  • the step by step control of a polymerisation reaction to achieve this result is difficult (and prohibitively expensive) and regular fractal polymers are very difficult to build "bottom to top", from monomer to polymer.
  • This rearrangement can be achieved for example by coagulation or condensation but in such a process, despite the fact that the end fractal dimension is invariant of the nature of the reticulation bond, its spatial orientation or the geometry of the intermediate bonds, it is necessary during the rearrangement to conserve the topological equivalence of the geometrical shape (ie to avoid folding of the chains over themselves, to avoid the creation of "double points").
  • the generalised Van Koch curve becomes a Peano curve with fractal dimensions equal to 2, covering all the plan, which defeats the purpose of the present invention).
  • the depolymerisation sequence may be represented schematically as follows, when starting with a crystalline miscelle
  • a first generalisation of the Van Koch construction is the use of Cantor sets in 1, 2 and 3 dimensional space.
  • the present invention utilises a coagulation reaction or a rearrangement reaction which simultaneously produces a gas
  • the coagulation is produced by a reaction which needs a particular quantity of reagent, and this quantity of reagent controls the amount of gas which is produced. This means that as soon as the polymer rearranges itself at the interface of the reaction, the interface expands because it forms at the edge of the bubble.
  • intersection of the spatial fractalised phenomena in this case molecular rearrangement and creation of bubbles at the same time
  • Solvent (7) is chosen as a non-solvent of the polymer and with ⁇ solv ⁇ # ⁇ poly.
  • the technology is particularly adapted but not limited to thermoplastic polymers of semicrystalline structure (and very easy to apply to polymers with high solubility parameter ⁇ >10), and where the glass transition temperature T g is high. Generally, the maturation temperature has to be maintained below T g .
  • the fractal polymers are in the form of a "fluff" (open sponge), or a powder, or a film.
  • Some embodiments of the fractal polymers according to the present invention have a surface area of the order of 100,000m 2 /gm.
  • the present invention provides a substantial advance in the manufacture of polymeric substances having a fractal configuration or structure providing all of the herein-described advantages without incurring any relative disadvantages.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Une méthode de fabrication d'un polymère ayant une configuration ou une structure fractale, qui est homogène et auto-similaire et dont l'échelle est strictement invariante à différentes échelles, et ayant une dimension fractale d, ou dimension de Hausdorff, qui n'est pas un nombre entier selon l'équation de Mandelbrot : Nη d = constant (ℓ0 d) Dans laquelle
    η est une unité de mesure
    N est la valeur obtenue par la mesure de l'entité avec l'unité η
    ℓ0 est la longueur caractéristique
    d est la dimension (fractale) de Hausdorff (dER)
    Ladite méthode comprenant:
    (a) Préparations de polymères originaux de base sélectionnés parmi le polyacrylonitrile, le polyéthylène téréphtalate, le poly-epsilon-caprolactame et le polyhexaméthylène adipamide (Nylon 6,6) en vue de polymérisation.
    (1) Polymérisation, extrusion et fabrication du granule, puis purification (élimination des résidus de monomères) et séchage.
    (2) Filage du polymère et étirage à un taux très élevé afin d'obtenir un polymère de base à structure hautement cristalline.
    (b) Préparation de la phase liquide et dépolymérisation contrôlée (production de segments séparés).
    (3) Mélangeage du polymère cristallin de base avec le réactif liquide détruisant les liaisons moléculaires de cohésion (par ex. les liaisons hydrogènes) pour déplier le micelle du polymère lors d'une réaction lente contrôlée (c.-à.-d. un dépliage étape par étape).
    (4) Ajout d'un agent de dépolymérisation au réactif si nécessaire (pour découper la structure).
    (5) Ajout d'un réactif complémentaire au réactif si nécessaire pour permettre le greffage latéral.
    (6) Maturation contrôlée à une température en dessous de Tg
    (c) Inversion de Phase
    (7) Préparation d'une mixture à base d'un liquide non solvant pour le polymère et d'un réactif de moussage, soluble dans cette mixture, et capable de produire un gaz en produisant une réaction avec le réactif de dissolution du polymère de base.
    (8) Réaction de coagulation de (b) dans (c) par mélangeage, par formation de films de (b) et d'immersion dans (c), ou par extrusion de (b) et de (c).
  2. Un polymère produit conformément à la revendication n° 1, lorsqu'il est utilisé comme additif à un matériel d'adsorption pour changer les conditions aux limites de la surface adsorbante du fait de la géométrie fractale de la surface du polymère.
  3. Un polymère produit conformément à la revendication n° 1, lorsqu'il est utilisé comme additif à une résine échangeuse d'ions pour changer les conditions aux limites de la surface échangeuse d'ions du fait de la géométrie fractale de la surface du polymère.
  4. Un polymère produit conformément à la revendication n° 1, lorsqu'il est utilisé comme adjuvant pour la filtration ou la séparation de composés opérées à l'aide de filtres ou de membranes conventionnels telle que l'osmose inverse, la nanofiltration ou l'ultrafiltration par exemple.
  5. Un polymère produit conformément à la revendication n° 1, lorsqu'il est utilisé comme aide de filtration lors de filtration dynamique, durant laquelle le polymère forme une couche ayant un seuil de coupure des molécules inférieur à celui du filtre ou de la membrane de filtration.
  6. Un polymère produit conformément à la revendication n° 1, lorsqu'il est utilisé comme additif à une composition de produit nettoyant.
  7. Un polymère produit conformément à la revendication n° 1, lorsqu'il est utilisé comme additif à une préparation cosmétique ou à une composition de savon.
EP96928280A 1995-09-04 1996-09-04 Polymeres a structure fractale Expired - Lifetime EP0850263B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPN520395 1995-09-04
AUPN5203/95 1995-09-04
AUPN5203A AUPN520395A0 (en) 1995-09-04 1995-09-04 Manufacturing process for polymers with fractal structure
PCT/AU1996/000550 WO1997009352A1 (fr) 1995-09-04 1996-09-04 Polymeres a structure fractale

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0850263A2 EP0850263A2 (fr) 1998-07-01
EP0850263A4 EP0850263A4 (fr) 1998-08-12
EP0850263B1 true EP0850263B1 (fr) 2005-12-07

Family

ID=3789532

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96928280A Expired - Lifetime EP0850263B1 (fr) 1995-09-04 1996-09-04 Polymeres a structure fractale

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6001889A (fr)
EP (1) EP0850263B1 (fr)
AU (1) AUPN520395A0 (fr)
DE (1) DE69635552T2 (fr)
NZ (1) NZ315984A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997009352A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6447879B1 (en) * 1996-09-17 2002-09-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electronic Device and method of manufacturing the same
DE102007011107B4 (de) 2007-03-05 2011-05-05 Stiftung Alfred-Wegener-Institut Für Polar- Und Meeresforschung Technische Leichtbaukonstruktion mit einer fraktal gegliederten Stützstruktur
US9029517B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2015-05-12 Emd Millipore Corporation Chromatography media and method
US9286643B2 (en) 2011-03-01 2016-03-15 Applaud, Llc Personalized memory compilation for members of a group and collaborative method to build a memory compilation
AU2013204225A1 (en) * 2013-04-12 2014-10-30 Steripak Pty Ltd Degradable and biodegradable plastic material and a method for making it
US10449517B2 (en) 2014-09-02 2019-10-22 Emd Millipore Corporation High surface area fiber media with nano-fibrillated surface features
US20170298091A1 (en) 2014-12-08 2017-10-19 Emd Millipore Corporation Mixed Bed Ion Exchange Adsorber

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0180599B1 (fr) * 1984-04-11 1991-04-03 Syrinx Research Pty. Ltd. Membrane a flux eleve
FR2584518B1 (fr) * 1985-07-05 1990-06-22 Comp Generale Electricite Structures macromoleculaires et procede de fabrication de telles structures
JPS62133110A (ja) * 1985-12-04 1987-06-16 Toyobo Co Ltd ポリエステル系合成繊維およびその製造方法
US5493000A (en) * 1992-02-21 1996-02-20 Alliedsignal Inc. Fractal polymers and graft copolymers formed from same
GB9216392D0 (en) * 1992-07-31 1992-09-16 Univ Waterloo Surface roughness characterization of extruded plastic products

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
AHARONI S.M.: "Gelled networks prepared from rigid fractal polymers", MACROMOLECULES, vol. 24, 1991, USA, pages 235 - 239 *
REGHU M ET AL: "Superlocalization of the electronic wave functions in conductive polymer blends at concentrations near the percolation threshold", MACROMOLECULES, vol. 26, 1993, USA, pages 7245 - 7249R *
VALLERA A.M. ET AL: "The structure of amylose gels", J. PHYS.: CONDENS. MATTER, vol. 6, no. 2, 1994, UK, pages 311 - 320 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69635552T2 (de) 2006-08-10
AUPN520395A0 (en) 1995-09-28
EP0850263A2 (fr) 1998-07-01
DE69635552D1 (de) 2006-01-12
NZ315984A (en) 1999-11-29
US6001889A (en) 1999-12-14
EP0850263A4 (fr) 1998-08-12
WO1997009352A1 (fr) 1997-03-13

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