EP0851184A1 - Tieftemperatur-Kältemaschine - Google Patents

Tieftemperatur-Kältemaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0851184A1
EP0851184A1 EP96402923A EP96402923A EP0851184A1 EP 0851184 A1 EP0851184 A1 EP 0851184A1 EP 96402923 A EP96402923 A EP 96402923A EP 96402923 A EP96402923 A EP 96402923A EP 0851184 A1 EP0851184 A1 EP 0851184A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pulsed
tube
cryogenic refrigerator
conduit
pulsed tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96402923A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Marc David
Jean-Claude Maréchal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Priority to EP96402923A priority Critical patent/EP0851184A1/de
Publication of EP0851184A1 publication Critical patent/EP0851184A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
    • F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1422—Pulse tubes with basic schematic including a counter flow heat exchanger instead of a regenerative heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1424—Pulse tubes with basic schematic including an orifice and a reservoir
    • F25B2309/14241—Pulse tubes with basic schematic including an orifice reservoir multiple inlet pulse tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1425—Pulse tubes with basic schematic including several pulse tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/06—Several compression cycles arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/10—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point with several cooling stages

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to refrigerators cryogenic. It applies in particular to the refrigeration production below 10 K, especially at about 4 K.
  • the invention aims to provide a refrigerator which retains the simplicity and reliability of pulsed tube refrigerators and allow reach temperatures below 10 K without use the special materials mentioned above.
  • the output of source 1A is connected by a capillary tube 5A at one end (cold end) 6A of the pulsed tube 3A.
  • the other end (hot end) 7A of the latter is connected to the single input 8A of the capacity 4A by a capillary tube 9A provided with an orifice 10A rated.
  • the output of source 1B is connected by a capillary tube 5B at one end (end cold) 6B of the pulsed tube 3B.
  • the other end (end hot) 7B of the latter is connected to the single input 8B of capacity 4B by a capillary tube 9B provided with a 10B calibrated orifice.
  • the two systems 11A, 11B are set up heat exchange relationship by the heat exchanger 2.
  • This one of any appropriate structure (coaxial, multitubular, with finned tubes, grids, etc.), more specifically puts in heat exchange relation to counter current conduits 5A and 5B.
  • the exchanger 2 has a hot end 12 in the vicinity of the ambient temperature T A (approximately 300 K), and a cold end 13 in the vicinity of the low temperature T B to be reached, for example approximately 4 K.
  • the pressure sources 1A and 1B which are at ambient temperature, operate, the masses of gas contained in the two systems 11A, 11B undergo repeated compression / expansion cycles.
  • the low temperature T B is obtained alternately on the conduits 5A and 5B, while the other conduit is at a temperature equal to this temperature T B increased by the temperature difference at cold end of the exchanger, this difference depending on the technology for producing the exchanger as well as operating parameters such as the pulse frequency and the gas circulation rate.
  • the temperature difference in question is for example of the order of 2K.
  • the refrigerator With no moving parts at low temperatures, the refrigerator is reliable, simple to build and inexpensive. It should be noted in particular that the throttle orifices 10A, 10B have a relatively large diameter and are found at a temperature much higher than the low temperature T B , and also that it is always the same gas which moves in each system 11A, 11B. As a result, the risk of blockage is very low.
  • the use of a heat exchanger 2 instead of the usual regenerators has the consequence that the low temperature obtained is practically independent of the specific heat of the materials used.
  • the insensitivity of the refrigerator gravity makes it suitable for use in space applications.
  • the two sources 1A, 1B are replaced by a double piston oscillator 1, by example the oscillator developed by the MATRA Company MARCONI SPACE (MMS) and qualified for applications spatial.
  • MARCONI SPACE MMS
  • the refrigerator forms a system closed single.
  • the reciprocating movement of the double piston 14 of oscillator 1 sets itself in motion, in phase opposition, the masses of gas contained in each half of the system, and each pulsed tube plays the role of capacity 4A, 4B for the other pulsed tube.
  • an additional bypass 15A, 15B equipped with a 16A, 16B calibrated orifice connects the end hot 7A, 7B of each tube pulsed to the corresponding conduit 5A, 5B, at the hot end of exchanger 2.
  • a pre-cooling stage 17A, 17B is interposed between each source 1A, 1B, which is back to room temperature, and the associated capillary tube 5A, 5B.
  • this pre-cooling stage itself consists of a "Double Inlet Pulse Tube" with regenerator, including a pulsed tube 18A, 18B, a regenerator 19A, 19B, a closed capacity 20A, 20B, and the connecting conduits usual in this type of assembly: a cold conduit 21A, 21B connecting the cold ends of the pulsed tube and the regenerator, hot pipes 22A, 22B and 23A, 23B which respectively connect the hot end of the regenerator at the pressure source and that of the pulsed tube at capacity 20A, 20B, and a bypass 24A, 24B connecting the hot ends of the regenerator and the pulsed tube.
  • the conduits 23A, 23B and 24A, 24B are each provided with a calibrated orifice.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP96402923A 1996-12-30 1996-12-30 Tieftemperatur-Kältemaschine Withdrawn EP0851184A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96402923A EP0851184A1 (de) 1996-12-30 1996-12-30 Tieftemperatur-Kältemaschine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96402923A EP0851184A1 (de) 1996-12-30 1996-12-30 Tieftemperatur-Kältemaschine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0851184A1 true EP0851184A1 (de) 1998-07-01

Family

ID=8225365

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96402923A Withdrawn EP0851184A1 (de) 1996-12-30 1996-12-30 Tieftemperatur-Kältemaschine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0851184A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1016910C2 (nl) * 2000-12-19 2002-06-21 Univ Eindhoven Tech Cyclisch thermische machine.

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02230059A (ja) * 1989-03-01 1990-09-12 Daikin Ind Ltd パルスチューブ式冷凍機
US5107683A (en) * 1990-04-09 1992-04-28 Trw Inc. Multistage pulse tube cooler
US5181383A (en) * 1990-06-28 1993-01-26 Research Development Corporation Of Japan Refrigerator
US5269147A (en) * 1991-06-26 1993-12-14 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Pulse tube refrigerating system
US5275002A (en) * 1992-01-22 1994-01-04 Aisin Newhard Co., Ltd. Pulse tube refrigerating system
US5295355A (en) * 1992-01-04 1994-03-22 Cryogenic Laboratory Of Chinese Academy Of Sciences Multi-bypass pulse tube refrigerator
EP0625683A1 (de) * 1993-05-16 1994-11-23 Daido Hoxan Inc. Stossrohrkühler
US5412952A (en) * 1992-05-25 1995-05-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Pulse tube refrigerator
US5435136A (en) * 1991-10-15 1995-07-25 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Pulse tube heat engine
JPH085174A (ja) * 1994-06-16 1996-01-12 Daido Hoxan Inc 大型パルスチューブ冷凍機

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02230059A (ja) * 1989-03-01 1990-09-12 Daikin Ind Ltd パルスチューブ式冷凍機
US5107683A (en) * 1990-04-09 1992-04-28 Trw Inc. Multistage pulse tube cooler
US5181383A (en) * 1990-06-28 1993-01-26 Research Development Corporation Of Japan Refrigerator
US5269147A (en) * 1991-06-26 1993-12-14 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Pulse tube refrigerating system
US5435136A (en) * 1991-10-15 1995-07-25 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Pulse tube heat engine
US5295355A (en) * 1992-01-04 1994-03-22 Cryogenic Laboratory Of Chinese Academy Of Sciences Multi-bypass pulse tube refrigerator
US5275002A (en) * 1992-01-22 1994-01-04 Aisin Newhard Co., Ltd. Pulse tube refrigerating system
US5412952A (en) * 1992-05-25 1995-05-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Pulse tube refrigerator
EP0625683A1 (de) * 1993-05-16 1994-11-23 Daido Hoxan Inc. Stossrohrkühler
JPH085174A (ja) * 1994-06-16 1996-01-12 Daido Hoxan Inc 大型パルスチューブ冷凍機

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 14, no. 545 (M - 1054) 4 December 1990 (1990-12-04) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 96, no. 5 31 May 1996 (1996-05-31) *
Y. MATSUBARA AND J.L. GAO: "Novel configuration of three-stage pulse tube refrigerator for temperatures below 4 K", CRYOGENICS, vol. 34, no. 4, April 1994 (1994-04-01), GUILFORD,GB, pages 259 - 262, XP000439356 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1016910C2 (nl) * 2000-12-19 2002-06-21 Univ Eindhoven Tech Cyclisch thermische machine.

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