Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L11/00—Fire-lighters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L11/00—Fire-lighters
  • C10L11/04—Fire-lighters consisting of combustible material

Definitions

• the invention relates to the use of fat derivatives with a solidification point less than 0 ° C, an iodine number below 20 and a surface tension of more than 25mN / m as lamp oils and / or grill lighters.
• GB 0002610 a process for the production of lamp oil based on vegetable oils such as linseed oil or sesame oil. It is about a very complex process. Further registration from the years 1861 and 1870 include procedures for the purification of mineral oil (GB 0003175) or petroleum (GB 0000709) for use as lamp oils. Other Developments went towards using lamp oils, for example their vapors should have a disinfectant effect (GB 0001487). The majority of registrations dealt with various processes for the production of Lamp oils from mineral oil or petroleum.
• lamp oils based on fossil fuels in particular mineral oil-based, have become established and are usually still used today.
• a typical composition of the lamp oils to be used today is given in Deutsches ⁇ videblatt 92, number 39, 1995 (55), according to which lamp oils mainly consist of homologous n-alkanes with a chain length of C9 to C18.
• the main representatives are: n-decane (15.8% by weight), n-undecane (8.6% by weight), n-dodecane (23.6% by weight), n-tridecane (38, 2% by weight) and n-tetradecane (11.8% by weight).
• the complex object of the present invention was therefore this lamp oils harmful to health due to less harmful to health replace, while maintaining good application technology Properties, especially a soot-free flame.
• the lamp oils have the lowest possible color and odor have and in particular easily by adding fragrances and / or dyes Have the buyer's wishes adjusted accordingly.
• the invention accordingly relates to the use of fat derivatives with a Freezing point below 0 ° C, an iodine number below 20 and a surface tension of more than 25mN / m as lamp oils and / or grill lighters.
• fat derivatives with a Freezing point below 0 ° C, an iodine number below 20 and a surface tension of more than 25 mN / m, in particular fatty acid esters, fatty alcohols and / or Guerbet alcohols are excellent as lamp oils and at the same time are harmless to health. They burn without soot and behave odorless, at the same time they are not according to the new guidelines subject to labeling.
• the same fat derivatives are also excellent Suitable as a liquid grill lighter, since the same requirements regarding the soot-free combustion, smell, color and toxicology apply as for the Lamp oils.
• the Fat derivatives to be used according to the invention are also the conventional ones from the prior art Soak the materials known for fixed grill lighters and thus also Make fixed grill lighters.
• the low intrinsic color and a low odor as possible are decisive criteria for the Acceptance and additionally allow by adding color and / or Fragrances the manufacture of special lamp oils and / or grill lighter.
• the viscosity of the Adjust fat derivatives by adding thickeners are Depending on the desired field of application.
• Fat derivatives within the meaning of the present application include fatty acid glycerides, and fatty acid esters, fatty alcohols and / or Guerbet alcohols obtained therefrom, as well as to understand their technical mixtures.
• fatty acid esters are preferably used.
• the fatty acid glycerides to be used as starting materials according to the invention can be the usual natural vegetable or animal fats or oils. These include, for example, palm oil, palm kernel oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, peanut oil, olive oil, linseed oil, babassu oil, tea oil, olive kernel oil, meadowfoam oil, chaulmoogra oil, coriander oil, soybean oil, castor oil, lard oil, beef tallow, pork lard, fish oil and sunflower oil and sunflower oil and sunflower oil new breed.
• oils include, for example, palm oil, palm kernel oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, peanut oil, olive oil, linseed oil, babassu oil, tea oil, olive kernel oil, meadowfoam oil, chaulmoogra oil, coriander oil, soybean oil, castor oil, lard oil, beef tallow, pork lard, fish oil and sunflower oil and sunflower oil and sunflower
• the main components of these fats and oils are glycerides of various types of fatty acids, which contain considerable amounts of impurities such as aldehyde compounds, phospholipid compounds and free fatty acids. These materials can be used directly or after prior purification. In some cases it is particularly advisable to esterify the free fatty acids in an upstream reaction with lower alcohols.
• synthetic fatty acid glycerides can also be used, which are obtained, for example, by esterifying glycerol with fatty acids.
• Fatty acids are to be understood as meaning aliphatic carboxylic acids of the formula (I) in the R 1 CO stands for an aliphatic, linear or branched acyl radical with 6 to 24 carbon atoms and 0 and / or 1, 2 or 3 double bonds.
• Typical examples are caproic acid, caprylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, capric acid, Lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmoleic acid, Stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, linoleic acid, Linolenic acid, elaeostearic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid and Erucic acid and its technical mixtures, e.g. in the pressure splitting of natural fats and oils, in the reduction of aldehydes from Roelen's Oxosynthesis or dimerization of unsaturated fatty acids occur.
• fatty acid glycerides for the purposes of the present invention, both Fatty acid triglycerides, as well as corresponding fatty acid partial glycerides, such as mono- and Diglycerides are used.
• Fatty alcohols are to be understood as primary aliphatic alcohols of the formula (II) in which R 1 represents an aliphatic, linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 24 carbon atoms and 0 and / or 1, 2 or 3 double bonds.
• Typical examples are capronic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, Capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, Palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, Petroselinyl alcohol, linolyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol, elaeostearyl alcohol, Arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and Brassidyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, e.g. in the High pressure hydrogenation of technical methyl esters based on fats and oils or aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis and as a monomer fraction the dimerization of unsaturated fatty alcohols.
• fatty acid esters are understood to be esters of the fatty acids listed in the formula (I) with linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alcohols having 1 to 20 C atoms.
• esters of fatty acids with polyhydric alcohols can also be used, and in addition to glycerol, trimethylolpropane, for example, can also be used as the alcohol component.
• the esters of C 8 to C 18 fatty acids with C 1 to C 8 alcohols, in particular linear C 1 to C 4 and / or branched C 3 to C 8 alcohols, are preferably used.
• Methyl, 2-ethylhexyl, ethyl, butyl, isopropyl and trimethylolpropane esters are particularly preferably used.
• Suitable fatty acid components are, in particular, technical mixtures of fatty acids of the formula (I) and preferably the fatty acid cuts obtained from lauric oils, in particular palm, palm kernel, tallow and / or coconut oil.
• the use of a C 12/18 methyl ester is preferred.
• the use of Edenor®E814, a C 8/14 -2-ethylhexyl ester, which is additionally distinguished by the fact that it is classified in water hazard class 0, is particularly preferred. Furthermore, its viscosity can be adjusted excellently by adding thickeners.
• the listed fatty acid esters are characterized by their low intrinsic color as well the low intrinsic smell, at the same time they can be created by coloring and fragrances Excellent modification and have an extraordinarily high color stability.
• the fatty acid esters show good color stability even at elevated temperatures.
• Any mixtures of the listed fat derivatives can also be used according to the invention with a solidification point below 0 ° C, preferably between -5 and -40 ° C, one Surface tension above 25 mN / m - to reduce the Aspiration risk - and an iodine number below 20 - by as low as possible To ensure soot formation - are used.
• the invention Fat derivatives to be used are preferably colorless and odorless.
• the listed fatty acid esters are particularly suitable as Lamp oils and / or grill lighters, because fragrances and dyes work in very well leave and they have an extremely low odor. Furthermore they have good color stability even at elevated temperatures and they burn residue-free.
• some fat derivatives especially triglycerides, such as olive oil, linseed oil, or sesame oil, the problem arises strong sooty flame, since the iodine number is above 20.
• use according to the invention is therefore necessary with these mix other fat derivatives and / or the iodine number by partial hydrogenation belittling.
• Suitable thickeners are, for example, polysaccharides, in particular Xanthan gum, guar guar, agar agar, alginates and tyloses, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose, further higher molecular weight Polyethylene glycol mono- and diesters of fatty acids, polyacrylates, (e.g.
• Polypropylene glycol is particularly preferred as Thickeners used.
• the thickeners can be used in an amount of 0 up to 25, preferably 5 to 20% by weight, based on the fat derivative will.
• the lamp oils or grill lighters preferably have one Viscosity - determined according to Höppler - of at least 2, preferably at least 4 and especially more than 7cStokes at 40 ° C
• perfume oils are the extracts of flowers (lavender, roses, jasmine, neroli) are mentioned as examples, Stems and leaves (geranium, patchouli, petitgrain), fruits (anise, coriander, Caraway, juniper), fruit peel (bergamot, lemon, oranges), roots (Macis, Angelica, Celery, Cardamom, Costus, Iris, Calmus), Woods (Sandals, Guaiac, cedar, rosewood), herbs and grasses (tarragon, lemongrass, sage, Thyme), needles and twigs (spruce, fir, pine, mountain pine), resins and Balsams (galbanum, elemi, benzoin, myrrh, olibanum, opoponax).
• Ambroxan comes as synthetic or semi-synthetic perfume oils, Eugenol, isoeugenol, citronellal, hydroxycitronellal, geraniol, citronellol, Geranyl acetate, citral, ionone and methyl ionone.
• fragrances can be used, as already described in GB 0001679 1855 are described.
• the dyes which can be used are those substances which are suitable and approved for cosmetic purposes, as compiled, for example, in the publication "Cosmetic Dyes” by the Dye Commission of the German Research Foundation, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1984, pp . 81-106 . These dyes are usually used in concentrations of 0.001 to 0.1% by weight, based on the mixture as a whole.
• the examples (B1 to B3) and comparative examples (V.1 to V.3) were carried out using the amine oils specified in Table 1.
• 20 ml of the oil were placed in a crucible, provided with a 12.5 cm long wick and lit. The flame was extinguished after 20 minutes of burning.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
• Cosmetics (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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• 1997
  • 1997-04-22 DE DE19716911A patent/DE19716911C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1998
  • 1998-04-11 DE DE59808865T patent/DE59808865D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-04-11 DK DK01105624T patent/DK1132456T3/da active
  • 1998-04-11 DE DE59809827T patent/DE59809827D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-04-11 AT AT01105624T patent/ATE251209T1/de active
  • 1998-04-11 PT PT98106696T patent/PT874038E/pt unknown
  • 1998-04-11 AT AT98106696T patent/ATE244291T1/de active
  • 1998-04-11 DK DK98106696T patent/DK0874038T3/da active
  • 1998-04-11 EP EP98106696A patent/EP0874038B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-04-11 PT PT01105624T patent/PT1132456E/pt unknown
  • 1998-04-11 ES ES01105624T patent/ES2210051T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-04-11 EP EP01105624A patent/EP1132456B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-04-11 ES ES98106696T patent/ES2202681T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime

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