EP0881359A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la construction d'un tunnel en utilisant un bouclier - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la construction d'un tunnel en utilisant un bouclier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0881359A1
EP0881359A1 EP97108568A EP97108568A EP0881359A1 EP 0881359 A1 EP0881359 A1 EP 0881359A1 EP 97108568 A EP97108568 A EP 97108568A EP 97108568 A EP97108568 A EP 97108568A EP 0881359 A1 EP0881359 A1 EP 0881359A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pipe
shield tail
expandable
pipe section
tunneling machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97108568A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Uwe Dipl.-Ing. Breig (FH)
Thomas Dipl.-Ing. Uhrig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Herrenknecht GmbH
Original Assignee
Herrenknecht GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Herrenknecht GmbH filed Critical Herrenknecht GmbH
Priority to EP97108568A priority Critical patent/EP0881359A1/fr
Publication of EP0881359A1 publication Critical patent/EP0881359A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/105Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/40Devices or apparatus specially adapted for handling or placing units of linings or supporting units for tunnels or galleries
    • E21D11/403Devices or apparatus specially adapted for handling or placing units of linings or supporting units for tunnels or galleries combined with the head machine
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • E21D9/087Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
    • E21D9/0873Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a tunnel in shield tunneling and an arrangement for performing the method.
  • segmental lining is not possible because the assembly the tubbing to a tube is not fully automatic or remote controlled feasible.
  • Not accessible channels for example house connections, lines for loading and Drainage, or supply and disposal lines, are still used in many Cases made in open construction. In contrast, microtunneling offers with immediate expansion but already considerable advantages.
  • Microtunneling enables immediate expansion as follows: A tunneling machine is from a starting shaft by means of a pre-press unit in the Ground driven. When the pre-press unit is fully extended, the Tunneling stopped, the pre-pressing unit moved back and a pipe section attached to the end of the shield tail. The pre-press unit pushes the pipe section, and with this the tunneling machine, in the ground, around the tunneling to continue. By gradually inserting further pipe sections into the pre-pressing unit a pipe string is created with the tunneling machine at the top.
  • the force of the pre-press unit acts in each case with this known procedure to the last piece of pipe used and indirectly to the tunneling machine, so that the force required for the advance with increasing pipe length and correspondingly increasing friction in the existing soil becomes. Depending on the nature of the soil, this results in a maximum pipe length, beyond the use of specially controlled and supplied stretching stations becomes necessary. It is also in the procedure just described very complex to produce curved tunnels.
  • the invention is based on the object a method and an arrangement for manufacturing a tunnel in the Provide shield driving, with which in particular inaccessible tunnels and ducts with immediate expansion while avoiding the open construction even over large distances and with curvatures if necessary can be produced.
  • the invention when driving a tunneling machine with a shield and a shield tail first pushed out a piece of pipe from the shield tail. From the start shaft through this piece of pipe becomes an expandable Pipe piece transported into the shield tail and there on the expanded to the same diameter as the pipe piece already pushed out. The Widening is locked, the widened piece of pipe is pushed onto the extended one Pipe piece attached and the further advance of the tunneling machine pushed out the shield tail. Then another expandable piece of pipe through the pipe string formed by the two pipe pieces set transported through the tail of the shield, expanded there, locked and on attached the removed pipe string. Repeat these steps until the desired tunnel length is reached.
  • the method according to the invention is used to assemble a link Pipe string produced, which can also have curvatures.
  • the one time ejected pipe sections remain stationary in relation to the ground in front, so that relatively small radii can be driven during tunneling. Furthermore are the forces required for the propulsion from the distance between independent of the tunneling machine and the starting shaft.
  • the arrangement according to the invention for carrying out the method comprises in addition a well-known tunneling machine with a shield and a shield tail a number of expandable pipe sections, a means of transport for Transport of these pipe sections in the shield tail, expanding devices for Widening of the pipe sections, which are preferably attached to the pipe sections themselves are locking devices for locking the expansion, the Expanding devices can be designed to be self-locking, a positioning device for attaching the pipe section widened in the shield tail on the already expanded pipe string and means for pushing out the widened pipe sections from the shield tail, which at the same time the propulsion of the tunneling machine.
  • the expandable pipe sections preferably consist of ring-shaped, expandable bands, the ends of which overlap in the circumferential direction. Expandable tapes of this type are used to seal leaks already used in channels and are for example from DE 93 13 379 U1 or DE 44 01 318 C2 known. Such a band expediently exists made of resiliently deformable material, for example sheet steel.
  • annulus is expediently filled in, for example with a quick hardening suspension to close the tubing support and give it sufficient support for the tunneling machine.
  • the annular space is preferably filled via injection nozzles at the end of the shield tail facing away from the propulsion.
  • the sealing of the abutting edges between the individual pipe pieces against pressing water or against the backfill can be done be that the outer edges of the pipe sections each with a rubber elastic Material are coated so that when attaching a piece of pipe to the Pipe string of rubber-elastic material encounters rubber-elastic material.
  • the Montierwagen carries an actuator for the expansion devices and with whose help expands the pipe sections in the shield tail.
  • the expanding devices of the expandable pipe section can already be engaged in the starting shaft be brought to the operating device of the service vehicle. After this The assembly trolley is positioned in the shield tail during transport through the pipe string. Then the actuator is activated and the pipe section expanded. This ensures in a simple manner that the expansion of the Pipe piece can be done automatically or remotely.
  • the assembly trolley can expand the pipe sections individually or in pairs transport into the shield tail. Almost the entire route between the Tunneling machine and the starting shaft can be removed from the assembly vehicle during the Pushing out the last widened pipe section are covered so that driving the car back and forth does not cause delays.
  • the supply lines necessary for the operation of the tunneling machine are located in the already expanded pipe string and are behind the tunneling machine dragged here. You must already be in the expandable pipe sections in the starting shaft be threaded so that they rest on the inner wall of the pipe string Supply lines transport the pipe sections into the shield tail hinder. To remove these difficulties, the assembly car advantageously provided with a device which the supply lines lifts in front of the assembly car and puts it down behind him. So the expandable pipe sections can be used without hindrance even when threaded can be transported through the pipe string.
  • the tire changer is attached to a shield tail Docking station of the tunneling machine is coupled: This is the Assembling car in a defined position relative to the shield tail with the tunneling machine connected before the expansion of the pipe section takes place.
  • the positioning device can be assigned to and act on the docking station, so that an exact attachment of the newly widened pipe section to the already removed pipe string is remotely controlled or automatically ensured.
  • the docking station also offers the option of using suitable assembly vehicles Coupling elements to the supply lines of the tunneling machine to connect.
  • the control pulse can be via the docking station forwarded to the assembly car for the actuators, or this can be done with electricity, compressed air, hydraulic oil or the like for the the assembly trolley for expanding and positioning the pipe section Mechanics are supplied.
  • a particularly preferred development of the method according to the invention consists in the fact that in addition to the expandable pipe section, an additional pipe piece is transported into the shield tail, which after widening, Lock and attach the pipe section to the already removed pipe string placed in the area of the abutting edge between the pipe section and the pipe string and expanded there until it hits the inner wall of the tubing string is present. Then the expansion of the additional pipe piece is locked.
  • One piece of pipe and one additional piece of pipe are expediently used for transport a trolley is used, the two parts together in transported the tail of the shield, there initially widened the pipe section, locked and attaches to the already expanded pipe string, and then the additional pipe piece position, expand and lock. Only after these procedural steps the pipe piece is removed from the shield tail during further drilling pushed out.
  • a pipe string is created, which consists of pieces of pipe put together, each connecting joint between two adjacent pipe sections via one on the inner walls of both Pipe pieces pressed at the same time additional pipe piece.
  • This additional pipe piece can be of the same length as the actual pipe sections, so that the result is a double-walled pipe string.
  • Additional pipe sections are preferably significantly shorter than the actual pipe sections educated.
  • the additional pipe pieces have the great advantage that they are adjacent Center the pipe sections and stabilize them in relation to each other. Beside poetry the pipe string formed by the pipe sections from the outside, too when curvatures of the tunnel between the individual pipe sections create fingers.
  • the entire inventive method for producing a tunnel in the Shield jacking can be done remotely, which means that non-accessible channels is of the greatest importance.
  • the arrangement for performing the method can in particular be a Montierwagen include, an actuator for the expanding devices carries, which essentially consists of at least one turning tool exists, which engages with a when expanding the pipe section Pinion of the expander is located and designed to be raised and lowered is.
  • the mentioned pinion of the expansion device can therefore already in the starting shaft be placed on the turning tool, preferably pointing upwards and during transport of the expandable pipe section with this in Stay engaged.
  • the assembly trolley preferably has two actuating devices, which can be operated independently of one another, can be raised independently of one another and are designed to be lowerable and displaceable relative to one another.
  • actuating devices which can be operated independently of one another, can be raised independently of one another and are designed to be lowerable and displaceable relative to one another.
  • the second Actuator for an additional pipe piece moved along the pipe axis and the additional pipe piece by lifting the associated actuating device applied to the apex of the inner wall of the pipe string and be expanded.
  • the tunneling machine 1 shown in Figure 1 comprises a shield 2 with a subsequent shield tail 3 and a cutting wheel 4, which with carbide tools 5 is provided.
  • the overburden entering a crusher room 6 is discharged into the starting shaft (not shown) via a delivery line 7.
  • the tunneling machine 1 can be steered by means of control cylinders 8.
  • a rotary drive 9 generates the rotary motion necessary for drilling, whereas the Propulsion force is generated by means of propulsion cylinders 10, which are on the supported by the pipe sections 11, 11 'and 11' 'pipe string.
  • the jacking cylinders 10 are supported with their piston rods 14 on one Pressure plate 15, which in turn rests on the foremost pipe section 11.
  • a positioning device 16 which is equipped with a docking station, is also visible 17 cooperates, and supply lines 18, holding plates 19 and Guide rails 20. The function of these parts will be explained later.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show an enlarged illustration of the detail II from FIG. 1 the process section in which the pushing out of a pipe section 11 the shield tail 3 takes place during the simultaneous propulsion of the tunneling machine 1.
  • the piston rod 14 opens the pressure plate 15, and this is supported on the pipe section 11.
  • the additional pipe section 13 At the butt edge 12 between the pipe section 11 and the pipe section 11 'sits the additional pipe section 13. Both parts, the pipe section 11 and the additional pipe section 13, are in front extended, positioned and locked when pushed out.
  • Both the pipe sections 11, 11 ', 11' 'and the additional pipe sections 13, 13' exist made of sheet steel strips, which overlap in the circumferential direction.
  • the additional pipe sections 13, 13 ' are also equipped with such expansion devices 21 'provided.
  • the sealing profiles 22, 22 ' are provided on the outside with all-round sealing lips 23, 23', which take over the function of sealing rings. As can be seen in Figure 2, prevent these sealing lips 23, 23 'that in the adjacent floor 24 if necessary existing pressurized water between the through the pipe sections 11, 11 ', 11' 'formed tubing and the inner wall of the tail 3 can penetrate into the tunneling machine 1.
  • the one remaining between the pipe string 11, 11 ', 11' 'and the pending bottom 24 Annulus 25 is introduced with an injection nozzle 26 Suspension 27 filled.
  • the injection nozzles 26 are only shown schematically; it is expediently located in the area facing away from the boring jack End of the tail 3.
  • Figure 3 shows the process section, in which one through the already expanded pipe string 11, 11 '11' ' transported pipe section 11 '' 'expanded in the tail 3 and to the Pipe piece 11 is attached.
  • the tunneling machine 1 stands still; the piston rods 14 are retracted into the jacking cylinders 10 and the pressure plate 15 is pulled away from the pipe section 11.
  • the new pipe piece 11 '' 'introduced into the shield tail is together with one Additional pipe section 13 '' on an assembly cart (shown here in simplified form) 28 have been transported through the pipe string 11, 11 ', 11' '.
  • the pipe section 11 '' ' lies on two actuators 29 for the two expansion devices 21.
  • the additional pipe section 13 ′′ lies on an actuating device 29 ′ for the Expanding device 21 '.
  • the actuators 29 for the pipe section 11 '' ' are a front work table 31 of the assembly car 28 assigned; they can be raised and lowered educated.
  • the actuating device 29 'for the additional pipe section 13' ' is seated
  • a rear work table 32, which is also designed to be raised and lowered of the assembly trolley 28, which is displaceable relative to the front work table 31 is; this is indicated by a double arrow.
  • Both the front work table 31 and the rear work table 32 of the assembly trolley 28 have bracing cylinders 33 and 33 ', which are used during transport of the pipe section 11 '' 'and the additional pipe section 13' 'ensure that the Turning tools 30, 30 'in engagement with the respective expanding devices 21, 21 'remain.
  • the bracing cylinders are used to raise the actuating devices 29, 29 ' 33, 33 'retracted.
  • the assembly trolley 28 has, in addition to wheels that are not visible here, Support assembly car 28 against the pipe string 11, 11 ', 11' 'and in front of the Pipe section 11 '' 'or behind the additional pipe section 13' 'are arranged, guide wheels 34, which run in the guide rails 20.
  • the guide rails 20 carry the supply lines 18 at regular intervals provided holding plates 19.
  • the Supply lines 18 therefore represent the transport of the pipe section 11 '' and the additional pipe section 13 '' is not an obstacle.
  • FIG. 4 shows detail IV from FIG. 3, but during a comparison with FIG. 3 Later section of the process:
  • the pipe section 11 '' ' has already been expanded and to the front end of the pipe string 11, 11 ', 11' ', that is to say to the pipe section 11 scheduled.
  • the expansion devices 21 are self-locking, so that the expansion is permanent.
  • the turning tools 30 of the front work table 31 are already retracted and no longer in engagement with the pinions of the expansion devices 21.
  • the rear work table 32 became forward relative to the front work table shifted and thereby brought the additional pipe section 13 '' into position.
  • the additional pipe piece 13 '' is now in the area of the butt edge 12 between the Pipe section 11 and the pipe section 11 '' '.
  • Figure 5 shows a section along the line V-V according to Figure 3. Outside you can see the (cut) shield tail 3 and in top view the pipe section 11 and the additional pipe section 13, which the front end of the already removed Form pipe string.
  • the pipe piece transported with the assembly car 28 11 '' ' is also shown in plan view, it being seen that it has two overlapping ends and by a relative movement of the two Ends can be widened.
  • the assembly carriage 28 (shown in simplified form) comprises, in addition to those already described Rotary tools 30, the only visible front in this illustration Work table 31 and the clamping cylinders 33, a frame 35, which on the one hand the work tables 31, 32 and on the other hand the ones (not visible in FIG. 3) Carries wheels 36, by means of which the assembly car 28 in the pipe run 11, 11 ', 11' 'can move back and forth.
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective illustration of an example of a tire changer 28, which already (in a simplified form) in Figures 3, 4 and 5 is shown.
  • a front work table 31 is arranged on the frame 35, which two turning tools 30 as actuating device 29 for the expanding devices 21 of the pipe sections 11 '' 'carries. On these turning tools 30, which are raised and lowered, there is a dash-dotted line Pipe section 11 '' '.
  • the front work table 31 is on the right and left with bracing cylinders 33 provided which interact with the pipe section 11 '' ' give a secure hold for transport with the turning tools 30.
  • the rear work table 32 of the assembly carriage 28 is by means of travel rails 38 and elongated holes 39 slidably mounted on the frame 35. He carries a Rotary tool 30 ', which is arranged in cooperation with the right and left Bracing cylinders 33 'the additional pipe section, also indicated by dash-dotted lines 13 '' holds.
  • the frame 35 of the assembly carriage 28 is also behind the additional pipe piece 13 ′′ two angled wheels 36 connected, which due to their angling perpendicular to the surface of the inner wall of the pipe string already removed Roll 11, 11 ', 11' '. There are also two in front of the pipe section 11 '' ' angled wheels 36. Between the two front wheels 36 is one Coupling device 37 for coupling the assembly vehicle 28 to the docking station 17 of the tunneling machine 1 is provided.
  • the guide wheels 34 also attached to the frame 35 run in the guide rails 20 to this together with the supply lines (not shown here) 18 in the area of the assembly car 28.
  • FIG. 7 finally shows a section of the method according to the invention pipe string 11, 11 ', 11' 'produced with the arrangement according to the invention, 11 '' '.
  • the additional pipe pieces 13, 13 ' and 13 ′′ each sit within the tube pieces 11, 11 ′, 11 ′′, 11 ′′ ′′.
  • the sealing lips 23, 23 'of the sealing profiles 22, 22' act as circumferential sealing rings.
  • FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention shown according to the representation of Figure 1.
  • the tunneling machine 1 of this embodiment includes a telescopic part 40 which is essentially by an outer cladding tube 41 and a coaxially displaceable relative to this Inner tube 42 of the tail 3 is formed. About the shift of the cladding tube 41 against the inner tube 42 is also possible the delivery line 7 is provided with a telescopic section 43.
  • the telescopic part 40 is by means of telescopic cylinder 44, which can be moved by means of front Bearing 45 on the front part of the tunneling machine 1 and by means of the rear bearing Support 46 on the rear part of the tunneling machine 1, pushed apart and moved back in.
  • the tunneling machine has in front of the telescopic part 40 1 over a number of front bracing units 47. In a corresponding manner are also behind the telescopic part 40 circumferentially distributed clamping units 48 on the tunneling machine 1.
  • the clamping units 47 and 48 each consist of two lifting cylinders 49, by means of which an outer wall section 50 is pressed into the surrounding floor 24 and can be pulled out of it.
  • Actuation of the front tensioning units 47 and the rear tensioning units 48 and with the telescopic cylinder's retracting and extending movements 44 results in a worm-like locomotion of the tunneling machine 1, so that they are essentially only for propulsion against the upcoming Bottom 24, and not supported against the dismantled tubing 11, 11 ', 11' ', 11' ''.
  • the tunneling machine 1 is driven into the ground 24 and at the same time the last applied expandable pipe section 11 from the Shield tail 3 pushed out by the propulsion cylinder 10 over the Support the pressure plate 15 on the pipe section 11 (see FIG. 1 and FIG. 2).
  • the assembly car 28 is positioned so that the assembly car 28 transported pipe section 11 '' 'after expansion on the front Edge of the pipe section 11 rests (see FIG. 3).
  • the two turning tools 30 of the front work table 31 of the assembly car 28 raised until not yet widened pipe section 11 rests in the apex of the shield tail 3. Then be the turning tools 30 actuated so that the expansion devices 21 the Expand pipe section 11 '' '. After the sealing lips 23 of the sealing profiles 22 all around the widening will rest on the inner wall of the shield tail 3 locked - what is easiest by a self-locking expansion device 21 takes place - and the turning tools 30 are lowered again. Then the rear work table 32 of the assembly vehicle 28 is forward to the front Work table 31 moves to the additional pipe section 13 '' in a position between to bring the pipe sections 11 and 11 '.
  • the turning tool 30 ' is raised until the additional pipe section 13 '' in the apex of the two pipe sections 11 and 11 '' ' sits, after which the additional pipe section 13 '' by actuating the turning tool 30 ' is expanded (see FIG. 4).
  • the expansion of the additional pipe section 13 ′′ causes centering and stabilizing the two pipe sections 11 and 11 '' 'and an improved sealing effect of the sealing profiles lying between them 22 and 22 '.
  • the turning tool 30 ′ on the rear work table 32 the Montierwag 28 lowered and the Montierwagen 28 back in move the starting shaft.
  • the advance can already be resumed, during the assembly car 28 through the tubing 11, 11 ', 11' ', 11' '' back runs into the starting shaft.
  • the jacking cylinders 10 are then supported the pressure plate 15 on the newly introduced pipe section 11 '' '.
  • the one when pushing out of the newly introduced pipe section 11 '' 'remaining annular space between the outer wall and the upcoming floor 24 is with a quickly hardening suspension pressed to the tubing 11, 11 ', 11' ', 11' '' stabilize.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
EP97108568A 1997-05-28 1997-05-28 Procédé et dispositif pour la construction d'un tunnel en utilisant un bouclier Withdrawn EP0881359A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97108568A EP0881359A1 (fr) 1997-05-28 1997-05-28 Procédé et dispositif pour la construction d'un tunnel en utilisant un bouclier

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97108568A EP0881359A1 (fr) 1997-05-28 1997-05-28 Procédé et dispositif pour la construction d'un tunnel en utilisant un bouclier

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CN106761834A (zh) * 2017-01-10 2017-05-31 济南中铁重工轨道装备有限公司 一种盾构机分体式二次注浆系统
CN108798685A (zh) * 2018-06-05 2018-11-13 辽宁三三工业有限公司 一种盾构机液压调整车轮
CN120007280A (zh) * 2025-03-28 2025-05-16 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 盾构机及盾尾密封刷更换方法

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CN108798685A (zh) * 2018-06-05 2018-11-13 辽宁三三工业有限公司 一种盾构机液压调整车轮
CN120007280A (zh) * 2025-03-28 2025-05-16 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 盾构机及盾尾密封刷更换方法

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