EP0882811B2 - Procédé de cémentation de pièces métalliques dans un four sous vide - Google Patents

Procédé de cémentation de pièces métalliques dans un four sous vide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0882811B2
EP0882811B2 EP97108860A EP97108860A EP0882811B2 EP 0882811 B2 EP0882811 B2 EP 0882811B2 EP 97108860 A EP97108860 A EP 97108860A EP 97108860 A EP97108860 A EP 97108860A EP 0882811 B2 EP0882811 B2 EP 0882811B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon
carbon carrier
carburizing
furnace
carrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97108860A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0882811A1 (fr
EP0882811B1 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Dr. Edenhofer
Hansjakob Drissen
Winfried Gräfen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ipsen International GmbH
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Ipsen International GmbH
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Publication date
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Application filed by Ipsen International GmbH filed Critical Ipsen International GmbH
Priority to ES97108860T priority Critical patent/ES2161398T5/es
Priority to DE59704123T priority patent/DE59704123D1/de
Priority to EP97108860A priority patent/EP0882811B2/fr
Priority to AT97108860T priority patent/ATE203572T1/de
Publication of EP0882811A1 publication Critical patent/EP0882811A1/fr
Publication of EP0882811B1 publication Critical patent/EP0882811B1/fr
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Publication of EP0882811B2 publication Critical patent/EP0882811B2/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/36—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding
    • C23C8/38—Treatment of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20—Carburising
    • C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of carburizing metallic workpieces in a vacuum furnace, wherein the furnace atmosphere contains a carbon support which is split under the carburization process conditions to release pure carbon.
  • thermochemical treatment processes for case hardening of metallic workpieces in addition to conventional gas carburization, carburization processes have increasingly become established in vacuum plants in recent years, since carburization without edge oxidation is feasible only with these processes.
  • These carburizing processes in vacuum plants are vacuum and plasma carburizing. Since working with these carburizing without oxygen-containing reaction gases, no C-level control can be done; In this process, the decisive parameter for the carbon transition is the carbon mass flow density, which is defined as the amount of carbon that passes into the material per unit time and area.
  • This carbon needed for carburizing is provided by a carbonaceous carrier in the furnace atmosphere, usually a hydrocarbon, which is split at the given process conditions with release of pure carbon.
  • Vacuum carburization processes are, for example, from the documents SU-A-668978 .
  • the carbon carrier used is generally propane (C 3 H 8 ), which is split in the course of the so-called propane pyrolysis according to the following reaction equations: C 3 H 8 ⁇ CH 4 + C 2 H 4 C 2 H 4 ⁇ 2C + 2H 2 CH 4 ⁇ C + 2H 2
  • the carbon carrier used is usually methane (CH 4 ), which is obtained by methane pyrolysis according to the equation CH 4 ⁇ C + 2H 2 is split.
  • methane methane
  • propane propane instead of methane.
  • propane is a more effective carbon carrier than methane because of its greater number of carbon atoms - 3 C atoms for propane versus 1 C atom for methane.
  • propane has the disadvantage that it is already thermally cracked in the temperature range above 600 ° C, which can lead to sooting of the furnace and tar formation in the oven.
  • the early dissociation of the propane even at low temperatures also has the consequence that in the treatment of densely packed batches as well as workpieces with difficult to access surfaces, such as blind holes, the dissociated carbon is released mainly outside of the batch, so that the carburizing effect in the middle of the batch is lower. The same is true not only for densely packed batches, but also for drilling, in particular blind holes, in which the carbon is discharged predominantly at the hole opening and in the interior of the bore barely a carburizing effect can be detected.
  • methane has only one carbon atom
  • the methane molecule is so stable that it is not already split at the necessary carburizing temperature.
  • the cleavage takes place only in the plasma and thus really only on the workpiece surface. Since the carbon mass density in the cleavage of methane is low, large quantities of process gas must be supplied to the furnace in large-scale batches.
  • soot formation in the furnace increases with increasing carbon-hydrogen ratio (C / H) of the carbon support.
  • C / H carbon-hydrogen ratio
  • the carbon carrier is a hydrocarbon with a carbon-hydrogen ratio of 1: 1, preferably is used under the conditions stated in claim 1 acetylene.
  • a partial pressure of the carbon support of less than 20 mbar, preferably 10 mbar, is advantageously maintained in order to achieve a high carbon mass flow density or carbon transfer rate without soot formation.
  • the partial pressure of the carbon carrier is varied in a pulsating manner, the partial pressure of the carbon carrier reaching values of up to 50 mbar.
  • the furnace atmosphere may additionally contain other gases, in particular hydrogen and / or argon, which should additionally prevent the oxidation of the workpieces as inert gases.
  • the splitting of the carbon carrier can be assisted by a plasma.
  • the vacuum carburization with the carbon carriers propane and ethane was carried out at 860 ° C and with a partial pressure of the carbon carrier of 10 mbar.
  • the vacuum carburization with the carbon carrier acetylene was carried out at 930 ° C and a partial pressure of the carbon carrier of 10 mbar over a period for the carburizing and diffusion phase of 260 min.
  • the above-described uniform carburization on the outer and inner surface of the sample workpiece also illustrate the illustrations Fig. 2 to 4 in which the surface hardness and the case hardening depth (HV 1.0) are shown at different measuring points.
  • a comparison of the graphics in Fig. 3 and 4 shows that when acetylene is used as the carbon support, not only a nearly uniform surface hardness along the inner and outer workpiece surfaces is achieved, but also the case hardening depth (HV 1.0) at the inner and outer workpiece surfaces coincide almost at all measurement points.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Procédé destiné à la carburation de pièces métalliques dans un four sous vide avec une atmosphère de four contenant une matière à base de carbone, les conditions du processus dans l'atmosphère du four étant réglées de telle sorte que la matière à base de carbone soit décomposée sous dépression en libérant du carbone pur,
    caractérisé en ce que le rapport carbone-hydrogène de la matière à base de carbone est de 1 / 1, et en ce que la pression partielle de la matière à base de carbone est variée par impulsions, la pression partielle de la matière à base de carbone étant portée à 50 mbars lors d'impulsions de pression, et sinon est maintenue au-dessous de 20 mbars.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par de l'acétylène en tant que matière à base de carbone.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, outre la matière à base de carbone, l'atmosphère du four contient en outre encore de l'hydrogène et/ou de l'argon.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la matière à base de carbone est décomposée à l'aide d'un plasma.
EP97108860A 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Procédé de cémentation de pièces métalliques dans un four sous vide Expired - Lifetime EP0882811B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES97108860T ES2161398T5 (es) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Procedimiento para la carburación de piezas metálicas en un horno de vacío.
DE59704123T DE59704123D1 (de) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Verfahren zur Aufkohlung metallischer Werkstücke in einem Vakuum-Ofen
EP97108860A EP0882811B2 (fr) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Procédé de cémentation de pièces métalliques dans un four sous vide
AT97108860T ATE203572T1 (de) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Verfahren zur aufkohlung metallischer werkstücke in einem vakuum-ofen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97108860A EP0882811B2 (fr) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Procédé de cémentation de pièces métalliques dans un four sous vide

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0882811A1 EP0882811A1 (fr) 1998-12-09
EP0882811B1 EP0882811B1 (fr) 2001-07-25
EP0882811B2 true EP0882811B2 (fr) 2010-12-15

Family

ID=8226864

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97108860A Expired - Lifetime EP0882811B2 (fr) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Procédé de cémentation de pièces métalliques dans un four sous vide

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0882811B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE203572T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59704123D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2161398T5 (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0818555B2 (fr) † 1995-03-29 2007-08-15 JH Corporation Procede de carburation
JP3531736B2 (ja) 2001-01-19 2004-05-31 オリエンタルエンヂニアリング株式会社 浸炭方法及び浸炭装置
FR2821362B1 (fr) * 2001-02-23 2003-06-13 Etudes Const Mecaniques Procede de cementation basse pression
DE10209382B4 (de) * 2002-03-02 2011-04-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Aufkohlung von Bauteilen
DE10221605A1 (de) * 2002-05-15 2003-12-04 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung metallischer Werkstücke
DE10235131A1 (de) * 2002-08-01 2004-02-19 Ipsen International Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schwärzen von Bauteilen
PL204202B1 (pl) 2002-10-21 2009-12-31 Politechnika & Lstrok Odzka Mieszanina węglowodorowa do nawęglania stali w podciśnieniu
DE10254846B4 (de) * 2002-11-25 2011-06-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Einsatzhärten von Bauteilen aus Warmarbeitsstählen mittels Unterdruckaufkohlung
DE10322563B3 (de) * 2003-05-20 2004-11-11 Ipsen International Gmbh Vakuumaufkohlungsverfahren
DE102009041927B4 (de) 2009-09-17 2015-08-06 Hanomag Härtecenter GmbH Verfahren zur Niederdruckaufkohlung metallischer Werkstücke
PT2886668T (pt) 2013-12-19 2019-02-04 Groz Beckert Kg Ferramenta têxtil e método de fabricação do mesmo
PL422596A1 (pl) 2017-08-21 2019-02-25 Seco/Warwick Spółka Akcyjna Sposób nawęglania podciśnieniowego (LPC) elementów wykonanych ze stopów żelaza i innych metali

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2216688A1 (de) † 1971-06-23 1973-01-11 Hayes Inc C I Verfahren zum aufkohlen der randzonen eines werkstueckes
EP0818555A1 (fr) † 1995-03-29 1998-01-14 JH Corporation Procede et equipement de cementation, et produits de cette operation

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU668978A1 (ru) * 1977-06-02 1979-06-28 Предприятие П/Я А-7697 Способ цементации стальных деталей
GB2261227B (en) * 1991-11-08 1995-01-11 Univ Hull Surface treatment of metals

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2216688A1 (de) † 1971-06-23 1973-01-11 Hayes Inc C I Verfahren zum aufkohlen der randzonen eines werkstueckes
EP0818555A1 (fr) † 1995-03-29 1998-01-14 JH Corporation Procede et equipement de cementation, et produits de cette operation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0882811A1 (fr) 1998-12-09
EP0882811B1 (fr) 2001-07-25
ES2161398T5 (es) 2011-04-05
DE59704123D1 (de) 2001-08-30
ATE203572T1 (de) 2001-08-15
ES2161398T3 (es) 2001-12-01

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