EP0884528B1 - Tête de combustion pour brûleur à gaz - Google Patents

Tête de combustion pour brûleur à gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0884528B1
EP0884528B1 EP98830356A EP98830356A EP0884528B1 EP 0884528 B1 EP0884528 B1 EP 0884528B1 EP 98830356 A EP98830356 A EP 98830356A EP 98830356 A EP98830356 A EP 98830356A EP 0884528 B1 EP0884528 B1 EP 0884528B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
conveyor
flame
combustion head
combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98830356A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0884528A3 (fr
EP0884528A2 (fr
Inventor
Claudio Pancolini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CIB Unigas SpA
Original Assignee
CIB Unigas SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from IT97CR000006 external-priority patent/IT1297671B1/it
Priority claimed from ITCR980007 external-priority patent/IT244956Y1/it
Application filed by CIB Unigas SpA filed Critical CIB Unigas SpA
Publication of EP0884528A2 publication Critical patent/EP0884528A2/fr
Publication of EP0884528A3 publication Critical patent/EP0884528A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0884528B1 publication Critical patent/EP0884528B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/78—Cooling burner parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/84—Flame spreading or otherwise shaping

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a combustion head for burners, in particular boilers, stoves, ovens, dryers and similar fed with combustible gas.
  • the front part of the burners consists of a combustion head that is introduced inside the combustion chamber, and the functions whereof are to optimize the mixture of combustible and burning air so as to obtain the best management of the flame in any point thereof, thus reducing the emission of polluting substances, in particular of nitrogen oxide, usually shown with NO x .
  • openings are provided for the emission of the combustible gas, or tubular nozzles for the emission of said gas are applied in sunburst.
  • said nozzles may be slightly frontwards inclined relating to the direction of emission of the burning air.
  • small holes are provided on the gas distributor, for the emission of the so-called root gas which prevents the detachment of the flame from the combustion head, assures the stability of the flame and favours the ignition of the burner.
  • the air conveyor usually has the shape of a cylinder, is open on the front side and is provided with holes (or openings) for the passage of the air, which are uniformly distributed onto its annular plane bottom fixed to the collar, also provided with holes, of the gas feeder. Said openings allow the burning air to pass in the area determined for the mixing with the combustible and for the ignition of the flame.
  • the outer tubular case leads the burning air blown by a fan provided on the burner, by means of its cylindrical body.
  • the nozzle with its end part converging in the shape of a truncated cone, favours the forming and burning of the air-gas mixture and shapes the flame in the combustion chamber.
  • the European Patent EP 0 738 854 discloses a low-NOx burner, comprising a fuel pipe and an air pipe that coaxially surrounds said fuel pipe, a baffle plate with a plurality of slot-like air delivery openings, main fuel injectors for injecting fuel radially into the air pipe, in the vicinity of said air delivery openings, auxiliary fuel injection holes at the tip of the fuel pipe, which is protruding beyond said baffle plate, and a disc larger in diameter than the fuel pipe, installed upstream of the auxiliary fuel injection holes. It is suggested that said disc has approximately the same diameter as the circumscribing circle on which lie the tips of the main fuel injectors.
  • the disc installed upstream of the auxiliary fuel injection holes creates an annular flow of the main fuel-air mixture and a recirculation gas area at the inner of said annular flow, downstream the baffle plate.
  • the auxiliary fuel entrain a certain amount of combustion product gas in the recirculation gas area, and promote a self-induced exhaust gas recirculation that helps to decrease NOx production.
  • EP 0 738 854 can be unsatisfactory as regards the air-fuel mixing, because of the fact that the main fuel injectors are located upstream the baffle plate and perpendicular to the air flow direction, and that the disc provided at the tip of the fuel pipe can obstacle the air-fuel mixing.
  • Another disadvantage is that the air flow is concentrated in correspondence of the slot-like air delivery openings, that may cause some undesired flame or turbulence.
  • GB 1 537 037 discloses a burner with a central air. pipe, coaxial with the gas feed pipe, and a plurality of air- and fuel outlet openings on the air conveyor, the gas feed pipe and the central air pipe, said air- and fuel outlet openings being arranged to create a first combustion zone adjacent the air conveyor and a second combustion zone which lies downstream of the end of the gas feed pipe.
  • GB 2 274 510 discloses a burner for furnaces and kilns, in which the air conveyor is realized by means of a disc, having a plurality of through-ways in the flow direction of the combustion air, and the gas is fed into the combustion air stream via a plurality of gas outlet openings provided at the end of the gas feed pipe.
  • Such burners aim generally to achieve good air-fuel mixing and stability of the flame, during normal operation as well as during the start-up phase, but they are not optimised for reducing NOx emission and do not allow to respect the most recent limits of NOx emission without increasing the concentration of other polluting, such as carbon monoxide.
  • the geometry of the burner suggested in the cited documents cannot be easily adapted to reduce or increase the length and shape of the flame, in order to maintain complete combustion, good flame stability and low emissions in passing-flame burners as well as in burners with flame recirculation.
  • a further aim is the one of shaping the flame, so as to reduce the length thereof in use in boilers with combustion chambers with passing flame, or for increasing said length in use in boilers with combustion chambers with flame reversal, when it is requested that the flame has a greater penetration power.
  • a combustion head for gas burners comprising a tubular outer case for canalizing the burning air, an inner tubular pipe for feeding the combustible provided with nozzles for the emission of the same, a disc air conveyor provided with means for the passage of the burning air, and a shaped flame conveyor, characterised in that the outlet opening of said nozzles is provided on the combustion front of the head with respect to said air conveyor, so that the plane passing through the outlet opening of each nozzle meets that plane with the greatest circumference of said air conveyor disc, at a distance from the axis of the combustion head which is not less than the radius of said circumference.
  • the edge of said disc air conveyor is preferably placed near the end part of said outer tubular case, for obtaining a better post-mixture of the gas and the burning air.
  • said nozzles are advantage ously arranged radially with respect to the axis of the combustion head.
  • the disc air conveyor has the shape of a diverging truncated cone, and the shaped flame conveyor stretches far beyond the section of the nozzle's mouth, also having a diverging shape.
  • the disc air conveyor is plane and has the shape of circular crown, and the flame conveyor stretches little beyond the section of the nozzle's mouth, with a mainly cylindric shape.
  • the flame conveyor is connected with a coaxial piping internal to the gas piping for favouring the cooling down of the same; in said piping, air from the burner's fan flows and it comprises at least one outlet hole for said air.
  • the advantages obtained by means of the present invention mainly consist in that the emission levels of the NO x compounds are comprised between 15 and 20 p.p.m.; in that extremely low levels of carbon monoxide are maintained, i.e. equal to those obtained by means of the actually known combustion heads; in that an optimal ignition of the flame is obtained even in conditions of strong air excess, and a good stability of said flame; in that the flame may be shaped in such a way as to reduce or increase the length thereof, so as to improve the combustion efficiency in boilers with combustion chambers of small dimensions with passing flame as well as in combustion chambers with flame inversion; and in that the combined action of the disc air conveyor and of the shaped flame conveyor allows to obtain a re-circulating effect of the burned gases without ducting the flame, as it is necessary in the con-ventioal burners, and without increasing the electric po-wer of the fan's engine inserted in the burner.
  • the combustion head for gas burners mainly comprises an outer tubular case 1, and inner tubular pipe 2, an air conveyor 3, a flame conveyor 4 and gas emission nozzles 5.
  • the outer tubular case 1 has a mainly cylindrical shape and has the function of canalizing piping for burning air which flows between the inner tubular piping 2 and said case, blown by a fan of known kind provided in the back part 8 of said burner.
  • angles obtained by the conical surfaces 13 and 14 with the combustion head's axis are respectively about 45° and 25°.
  • the same is provided with a further pipe 16 internal to the gas pipe, in which air blown by said fan of the burner is flown, for preventing the flame conveyor 4 from overheating due to the nearness to said flame.
  • Said pipe 16 ends up in the hollow body of the flame conveyor 4, which in this case is provided with pipes 17 and emission holes 18.
  • cooling air supplied through pipe 16 comes out from pipe 17 through holes 18, so as to prevent the overheating of the flame conveyor 4 and to supply further oxygen for the combustion.
  • the air conveyor disc 3 is advantageously plane, in the shape of a circular crown and arranged perpendicularly to the combustion head's axis in correspondence with the end portion of the outer tubular case 1, which is shaped with a converging lip 19.
  • nozzles 5 are perpendicular to the combustion head's axis.
  • the combustion head is advantageously provided with a further pipe 16, coaxial and internal to the gas pipe, in which air blown from the burner's fan flows, for preventing the flame conveyor 4 from excessively overheating and for assuring a further oxygen supply for the combustion.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Tête de combustion pour bruleurs à gaz, qui comprenne un enveloppe tubulaire exérieur (1) pour canaliser l'air comburante, un conduit tubulaire intérieur (2) d'alimentation du combustible, pourvu de tuyères (5) d'émission de dit combustible, un convoyeur d'air (3) à disque, pourvu de moyens de passage de l'air comburante, et un convoyeur de flamme (4) façonné, caractérisé en ce que la bouche de sortie des tuyères (5) est disposée sur le front counbustion de la tête en relation au dit convoyeur d'air (3), de façon que le plan, qui passe par la bouche de sortie de chaque tuyère (5) rencontre le plan auquel appartient la circonférence majeure du disque convoyeur d'air (3) a une distance de l'axe de la tête de combustion pas inférieure au rayon de la circonférence meme.
  2. Tête de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le bord du convoyeur d'air (3) à disque est disposé en proximité de la partie finale de l'enveloppe tubulaire extérieur (1) pour obténir un meilleur postmelange du gaz avec l'air comburante.
  3. Tête de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que dits tuyères (5) sont disposés en eventail en rélation à l'axe de la tête de combustion.
  4. Tête de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le convoyeur d'air à disque (3) présente la forme de tronc de cône divergent et le convoyeur de flamme façonné (4) s'extend beaucoup au delà de la section d'apparténance de la bouche des tuyères (5), avec une forme aussi divergente.
  5. Tête de cornbustion selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la forme du convoyeur de flamme (4) est réalisée avantageusement au moyen de deux surfaces à tronc de cône divergentes (13) et (14), qui sont raccordées par une partie cylindrique (15).
  6. Tête de combustion selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les angles formés par les surfaces coniques (13) et (14) avec l'axe de la tête de combustion sont environ de 45°, respectivement 25°.
  7. Tête de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le convoyeur de flamme (4) comprenne au moins un conduit (17) et un trou (18) pour l'émision de l'air.
EP98830356A 1997-06-11 1998-06-09 Tête de combustion pour brûleur à gaz Expired - Lifetime EP0884528B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITCR970006 1997-06-11
IT97CR000006 IT1297671B1 (it) 1997-06-11 1997-06-11 Testa di combustione per bruciatori di gas
ITCR980007 IT244956Y1 (it) 1998-05-12 1998-05-12 Testa di combustione per bruciatori di gas
ITCR980007U 1998-05-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0884528A2 EP0884528A2 (fr) 1998-12-16
EP0884528A3 EP0884528A3 (fr) 1999-07-28
EP0884528B1 true EP0884528B1 (fr) 2003-10-15

Family

ID=26330482

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98830356A Expired - Lifetime EP0884528B1 (fr) 1997-06-11 1998-06-09 Tête de combustion pour brûleur à gaz

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0884528B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE252216T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69818909T2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11815264B2 (en) 2017-07-21 2023-11-14 Kueppers Solutions Gmbh Burner

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6443728B1 (en) * 2001-03-19 2002-09-03 Alstom (Schweiz) Ag Gas pipe ignitor
US9194604B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2015-11-24 The Gsi Group, Llc Burner for gas-fired air heater
ITMI20131223A1 (it) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-23 Ceba S R L Bruciatore radiale
US11415317B2 (en) * 2017-06-26 2022-08-16 C.I.B. Unigas S.P.A. Combustion head with low emission of NOx for burners and burner comprising such a head
EP3857124B1 (fr) * 2018-09-27 2022-01-26 C.I.B. Unigas S.p.A. Mélangeur pour brûleurs de recirculation de fumées d'échappement
CN119609104B (zh) * 2025-02-11 2025-04-18 泰州市德力西冶金机械设备有限公司 一种富氧燃烧型钢包烘烤器

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2684711A (en) * 1952-04-23 1954-07-27 Fault Homer D Du Gas burner secondary air feed and flame baffle
IT989199B (it) * 1973-06-15 1975-05-20 O F R Spa Testa di combustione per brucia tori di combustibili gassosi con stabilizzazione a gradiente di concentrazione spazialmente loca lizzato
GB1537037A (en) * 1976-03-17 1978-12-29 Nu Way Heating Plants Ltd Burners for fluid fuels
JPS63238319A (ja) * 1987-03-26 1988-10-04 Kuwabara Seisakusho:Kk 輻射炉用バ−ナ
DE4301840C2 (de) * 1993-01-23 1995-06-14 Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg Gasbrenner für Öfen und Feuerungsanlagen
FR2714455B1 (fr) * 1993-12-24 1996-02-02 Gaz De France Tête de combustion perfectionnée pour brûleur à gaz, brûleur équipé d'une telle tête et procédé de combustion.
US5863192A (en) * 1995-04-19 1999-01-26 Tokyo Gas Company, Ltd. Low nitrogen oxides generating method and apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11815264B2 (en) 2017-07-21 2023-11-14 Kueppers Solutions Gmbh Burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0884528A3 (fr) 1999-07-28
DE69818909T2 (de) 2004-08-19
ATE252216T1 (de) 2003-11-15
EP0884528A2 (fr) 1998-12-16
DE69818909D1 (de) 2003-11-20

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