Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
  • B65F7/00—Cleaning or disinfecting devices combined with refuse receptacles or refuse vehicles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
  • A61L9/01—Deodorant compositions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
  • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
  • A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
  • A61L9/046—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating with the help of a non-organic compound
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
  • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
  • B01J20/046—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium containing halogens, e.g. halides
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
  • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
  • B01J20/14—Diatomaceous earth
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
  • B01J20/3078—Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
  • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
  • B01J2220/46—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic and organic materials

Definitions

• the invention relates to combating unpleasant smell emitted from garbage containers. More particularly, the inven ⁇ tion relates to a composition for addition to garbage s containers for combating obnoxious odour emitted therefrom and for temporarily reducing the bacterial activity in the garbage and thereby the putrefaction of putrefiable components of the garbage.
• the invention further relates to an embodiment of said composition which additionally is effective in very sig- 0 nificantly reducing or eliminating the spreading of infectious microorganisms from garbage containers through insects.
• Objects of the invention it is an object of the invention to provide a composition for combating obnoxious odour emitted from garbage containers, the composition having to be environmentally ac ⁇ ceptable, cheap enough to be of interest to the consumers, simple to produce and very simple to use.
• the composition should efficiently combat the emission of obnoxious gases from garbage containers and should not have the deficiencies suf ⁇ fered by previous attempts at solving this problem.
• it should in addition efficiently combat insect activity in or around garbage containers.
• compositions for combating bad smell from garbage containers comprising water insoluble granulates having large inner surface and being capable of absorbing moisture due to strong capillary effect, and one or more hypochlorite compounds.
• a composition for combating bad smell from garbage containers the composition being characterized therein that it comprises water insoluble granulates having large inner surface and being capable of absorbing moisture due to strong capillary effect, and one or more hypochlorite compounds.
• it additionally comprises a substance which in combination with the hypochlorite compound acts as a strong repellent to insects.
• granulated fossil diatomaceous earth As granulates granulated fossil diatomaceous earth is preferably used which has been subjected to special treatment at very high temperature such that the inner surface of the granulates is very large.
• the heat treatment may for example have been carried out at about 1350 "C.
• the size of the granulates is preferably 0.5-3 mm, e.g. 1-3 mm, and these specially treated granulates of diatomaceous earth do not form lumps upon contact with mois ⁇ ture, and they have a quite enormous inner surface making them capable of sucking up as much as 126 % moisture based on the weight of the granulates per se. Moreover, such granulates are very cheap.
• a suitable type of granulate for the composition according to the invention is sold under the trade mark "Absodan".
• hypochlorite compounds alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal hypochlorites are preferably used, in particular sodium hypochlorite in aqueous solution or solid calcium hypochlorite, preferably granulated.
• Sodium hypochlorite in aqueous solution is stable so that there is no risk of unintentional spontaneous reactions when using such sodium hypochlorite solutions, and, moreover, such solutions are very cheap which, of course, is of essen ⁇ tial importance to the user.
• naphthalene in the form of a powder or in the dissolved state is a suitable active compound to use in combination with the hypochlorite compounds mentioned above. Separately none of the compounds exhibits the desired insect repellent properties to a sufficient degree.
• organic substances which are examples of insect repellent substances which can be used in the present composition a) Camphor in the form of camphor oil (The Merck Index, Centennial edition 1989, substance No. 1738). The substance may be dissolved in a solvent, e.g. fat prior to the addition. One may also use it in the form of white camphor oil.
• Citronella oil aromatic oils with marked lemon fragrance.
• Dissolved pine resin This substance gives a very pleasant fragrance and functions well in the intended manner. It makes the addition of a separate fragrant substance, like e.g. pine needle oil, superfluous).
• Citric acid dissolved in water. (Slightly weaker effect than the other mentioned substances in the same concentration, however, cheaper).
• pine resin appears to be the overall best and cheapest alternative.
• alter ⁇ native substances may be used as complete or part substitution for naphthalene in the present compositions and also in approximately the same concentrations by weight as naphthalene.
• compositions according to the invention meet the above requirements to efficient compositions for combating insect activity and obnoxious odour emitted from garbage con- 5 tainers by being capable of absorbing large amounts of mois ⁇ ture per unit volume. Further, the composition may take part in/activate reactions which modify obnoxious gases, and it can temporarily reduce the bacterial activity in the garbage. Moreover, the combined effect of insect repellent substance 0 and hypochlorite compounds provides the composition with outstanding insect repellent property. Environmentally the composition is completely acceptable and it is a cheap composition. Further, the composition is simple to produce and simple to use. 5 The two main compositions according to the present invention, i.e.
• specially treated diatomaceous earth granulates together with an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution or together with solid calcium hypochlorite, optionally with insect repellent substance, may be used in highly varying amounts with respect to the amount of garbage, and in each case the consumption will be determined by the least amount, with respect to the amount of garbage, which gives a significant reduction of the obnoxious odour emitted and insect activity.
• suitable amounts of diatomaceous earth granulates and calcium hypochlorite for treatment of refuse or garbage of average composition from households in a large garbage container which may have a volume varying from 2 to 15 m 3 , e.g. 11-15 m 3 , are 1-6 liters of diatomaceous earth granulates, more normally 2-3 liters, per container and 15-20 g calcium hypochlorite and, optional ⁇ ly, 1-2 g insect repellant per liter diatomaceous earth granulates, e.g. when using 3 liters of diatomaceous earth granulates in a large garbage container 45-60 g calcium hypochlorite and, optionally, 3-6 g insect repellant will nor ⁇ mally be added.
• aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution is used together with the specially treated diatomaceous earth granulates
• a normal addition of sodium hypochlorite solution will be 0.1-0.2 liters of 10-15 % sodium hypochlorite solution per liter of specially treated diatomaceous earth granulates.
• the tolerable limits are wide, and for each case the necessary amount of the composition for combating insect ac ⁇ tivity and obnoxious odour which must be added to garbage containers in order to reduce or completely stop the emission of obnoxious odour and repel insects will vary with the com ⁇ position of the garbage and with the amount of garbage in the container.
• composition according to the invention should be within the range of 1-6 liters of granulate for a filled garbage container having a volume of 2-15 m 3 .
• composition according to the invention gives off its own pleasant perfume odour, and for example pine needle odour has been found to be a good masking odour for hypochlorite solutions.
• the calcium hypochlorite embodiment of the composition according to the invention is best suited for big users whereas the sodium hypochlorite embodiment of the composition according to the invention is best suited for com ⁇ mon household use. Accordingly, it is advantageous that the sodium hypochlorite variant of the composition according to the invention be packed as consumer unit in closable packages, e.g. in a plastic bottle with wide neck. The user then employs so much of the composition as is required at any time and then closes the package tightly.
• compositions according to the invention are also environmentally safe to use.
• the active components of the composition according to the invention i.e. the hypochlorite compound, particularly sodium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite, and the insect repellent substance, e.g. naphthalene, the required dosage were established through about 250 tests.
• the dosage limits were partly established by means of scraping off bacteria from the container walls and the container floors with subsequent counting of cultures in counting chambers, partly by means of direct measurements of the gas development, partly by measuring the activities of the flies about and in the containers, and finally by measuring the number of fly larvae upon emptying the containers. All measurements were evaluated in relation to the outside temperatures. Based on these measurements, the product variants were adjusted so that they would optimally fulfil the requirements which normally will be set to the products.
• composition according to the invention has been tested both in small scale and in large scale.
• each garbage container was provided with fly paper around the opening and inside the container for direct measurement of the activity of the flies.
• the containers were placed so far away from one another that they could not influence one another in any way, and care was taken that there were as equal sun/shadow and temperature conditions as possible.
• the composition according to the invention was sprinkled evenly across the bottom of the empty container before filling it with the garbage.
• the composition according to the invention has also been tested under more realistic and difficult conditions.
• a series of large garbage containers was selected 5 which were directly influenced by sunshine. The containers were selected because the garbage stench therefrom had caused especially significant problems for a hospital over a number of years.
• the testing of the compositions was carried out on 36 large garbage collection containers under varying con- o ditions. As previously, the composition according to the invention was sprinkled across the bottom of the garbage con ⁇ tainers before filling these with garbage.
• composition according to the invention is based on an entirely novel concept for combating obnoxious odour emitted from garbage containers, and for reducing insect activity due to a synergistic effect of two of its ingredients, i.e. an insect repellent substance and a hypo ⁇ chlorite, whereby the danger of spreading infectious micro ⁇ organisms via insects is substantially reduced.
• it is composed of a granulate having an unusual ability to suck up the moist medium in which bacteria can populate, and a chemical compound, hypochlorite, with disinfecting action against the occurring bacteria.
• the base substances, i.e. the granulates can take up/absorb the reactive chemical compounds without being destructed themselves and without baking together.
• the composition according to the inven ⁇ tion will also, even in moist condition, have the same proper ⁇ ties as a dry powder and, accordingly, may easily be poured from one container into another.
• the addition to the basic composition of the insect repellent substance for effectively combating nuisance caused by insect activity in and around the containers does not alter the free-flowing properties of the composition.
• the invention has been illustrated above particularly with reference to the use of sodium hypochlorite solution or calcium hypochlorite granulates as the disinfecting chemical compounds present in the composition according to the inven ⁇ tion. Accordingly, the difference between these two variants is that when the combination of sodium hypochlorite solution and diatomaceous earth granulates is used the product will appear as a homogeneous product of the absorbing diatomaceous earth granulates with an added amount of sodium hypochlorite solution whereas the product when using the calcium hypochlorite compound instead of the sodium hypochlorite com ⁇ pound will be a mixed granulate of absorbing base substance and calcium hypochlorite granulate.
• Test boxes consisting of white polyethylene boxes each having a capacity of 5 liters were used. In the boxes several layers of paper towels were placed which had been sprinkled with a bait for attracting insects. For preparing the bait per se large amounts of garbage which had been left lying relatively long was sprinkled with water. The trickle therefrom was collected in a sufficiently large container and well mixed. To the trickle some fish refuse and meat refuse after slaughtering were added in order to produce a "best pos ⁇ sible" smell. After standing for two days at room temperature fish refuse and meat refuse were strained off. The paper towels were sprinkled with the remaining very stinking mixture.
• test boxes were arranged with a distance of at least 10 meters from each other at a place which gave the best possible equal conditions, i.e. an open place without appreciable slope.
• test boxes were placed upon a pail which had been turned upside down and placed in a cardboard box so that the upper edge of the test boxes flushed with the upper edge of the cardboard box.
• the latter was of a size rendering good space for evaporation between the walls of the test box and the walls of the cardboard box.
• the paper towels which had been sprinkled with the stinking bait were in the test boxes.
• A diatomaceous earth ("Absodan” ) only
• K camphor oil
• C citronella oil
• F pine resin/pine needle oil
• N naph ⁇ thalene
• S citric acid
• B standard mixture without repel- lant ( "Absodan”+hypochlorite).
• test boxes contained the same amount of identical "bait". b) The test boxes were arranged in order to be exposed to as identical surrounding con- ditions as possible, such as temperature, wind, sun irradiation, spreading of stench, etc. c) The positions of all test boxes were inter ⁇ changed at intervals of about one hour. d) The test boxes were placed so far apart that they would not mutually appreciably influence the results obtained.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
• Refuse Receptacles (AREA)

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• 1996
  • 1996-08-09 NO NO963339A patent/NO963339D0/no unknown
• 1997
  • 1997-01-03 JP JP09525104A patent/JP2000508573A/ja active Pending
  • 1997-01-03 AU AU13223/97A patent/AU1322397A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-01-03 EP EP97900814A patent/EP0891222A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1997-01-03 WO PCT/NO1997/000002 patent/WO1997025137A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1997-01-03 CA CA 2212241 patent/CA2212241A1/en not_active Abandoned

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