EP0897585B1 - Relais hybride - Google Patents

Relais hybride Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0897585B1
EP0897585B1 EP97923744A EP97923744A EP0897585B1 EP 0897585 B1 EP0897585 B1 EP 0897585B1 EP 97923744 A EP97923744 A EP 97923744A EP 97923744 A EP97923744 A EP 97923744A EP 0897585 B1 EP0897585 B1 EP 0897585B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power semiconductor
relay according
contact
yoke
core yoke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97923744A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0897585A1 (fr
Inventor
Josef Kern
Bican Samray
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0897585A1 publication Critical patent/EP0897585A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0897585B1 publication Critical patent/EP0897585B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/021—Bases; Casings; Covers structurally combining a relay and an electronic component, e.g. varistor, RC circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/04—Mounting complete relay or separate parts of relay on a base or inside a case
    • H01H2050/049—Assembling or mounting multiple relays in one common housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means

Definitions

  • hybrid relays are used, which are specified in the introduction
  • the mechanical relay contacts use electronic switches, the latter temporally is actuated offset and so the load peak when and switching off takes over; the relay contacts are thereby "Dry” switched and can therefore be done with less effort achieve a longer lifespan.
  • Such hybrid circuits are for example from DE 37 01 838 A1 or the US 47 72 809 known. Depending on the circumstances, these are Circuits relay contacts in parallel or in series with the power semiconductor switched.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a hybrid relay to create the type mentioned, which is compact and with as few individual parts as possible a good and simple one Allows heat dissipation for the power semiconductor.
  • this goal is achieved with a hybrid relay type mentioned achieved in that the power semiconductor in thermal contact with the Kernjoch unit of the electromagnetic relay system.
  • the relay designed as a pole reversal relay, in which the core yoke by a is substantially flat sheet E-shaped, wherein between two side legs and a middle leg as three bays two center bars as cores one coil each wear and with the two anchors each one of the side legs and the middle leg with the formation of working air gaps bridge, with the power semiconductor on the middle leg is arranged.
  • the contacts of the hybrid relay be switched without load and therefore not exposed to erosion need no overstroke during construction to be considered. Therefore, the magnetic circuit parts at the same time carry the contact current, for example the Pole surfaces can be designed as contact surfaces. This gives a particularly simple structure with few individual parts.
  • the anchor stroke corresponds the contact stroke, and through these smaller working air gaps of the magnet system can either be the same Winding larger contact forces with smaller contact resistances generated in the load area or it can be used to generate same contact forces as with conventional systems a higher impedance winding with a correspondingly lower one Heating the coil can be used.
  • the relay shown in Figures 1 to 7 has as Carrier a magnetic circuit ( Figure 2) with a flat E-shaped Kernjoch 1, which symmetrically two side legs 11 and a middle leg 12, which is in one piece two core webs 13 are connected.
  • Each of the core webs 13 carries a winding 65.
  • Two flat anchors 2 are aligned and symmetrical Arranged parallel to the core yoke 1, and they bridge each a free end of a side leg 11 and one Part of the middle leg 12 with the formation of working air gaps 21 and 22.
  • Each of the armatures 2 is via an armature return spring 23 attached to a carrier plate 24, which forms a pin 25.
  • the two are at rest Armature 2 due to the restoring effect of the return springs 23 together on an NC contact plate 3, which is parallel to the central leg 12 of the core yoke opposite this is arranged and forms a pin 31.
  • an NC contact plate 3 which is parallel to the central leg 12 of the core yoke opposite this is arranged and forms a pin 31.
  • In addition to the break contact plate there is also a ground connection plate 4 provided with a pin 41.
  • the middle leg 12 of the core yoke 1 is so wide that that on the one hand the pole faces for the two working air gaps 22 forms in relation to the anchors 2 and on the other hand a large area for a power transistor 5 provides good heat transfer.
  • This power transistor 5 is with its three connections with one from the Kernjoch stamped out lug 14, with a connecting tab 32 of the NC contact plate 3 and with a connecting tab 42 of the ground connection plate 4 connected.
  • the two connecting tabs 32 and 42 are through openings 15 and 16 of the core yoke on the side of the power transistor 5 guided.
  • the core yoke 1 is made with thermoplastic plastic for formation overmoulded a bobbin 6, the mutually the Middle leg 12 each have a coil tube 61 for receiving each a winding 7 forms.
  • the windings are on both sides limited by flanges 62.
  • the core yoke is in each case an extension on the coil former 6 63 with a slot 64 for receiving the carrier plates 24 integrally formed for the armature return springs 23.
  • These carrier sheets but could also with the material of the bobbin extrusion-coated, that is, embedded in the bobbin 6.
  • the Armature return springs 23 are on the carrier plates 24 through a welded or riveted joint attached.
  • the surfaces of the magnetic circuit parts i.e. the core yoke 1 and the two anchors 2, are each at least in the area of Air gaps 21 and 22 between anchor and yoke legs with one Precious metal layer coated and serve at the same time Current routing of the load circuit in the normally open function of the relay.
  • the opening function of the two electromagnetic Changer relay systems is made possible by the already mentioned break contact plate 3, which is at least in the touch area with the two anchors 2 is coated with precious metal.
  • the required contact force is given by the armature return spring 23 applied.
  • the two are movable armature 2 for low-resistance contact and current supply all over with one, for example galvanic, Silver layer coated.
  • This layer can be economical run very thin because of the electromagnetic relay system only carry the load current, but do not switch got to.
  • Through the two air gaps 21 and 22 of each anchor 2 to the core yoke 1 results when the magnetic circuit is closed double contacting of the no-load switching Load circuit, which increases the contact security significantly.
  • the no-load switching of the two anchors 2 eliminates the otherwise conventional erosion of the contacts, which is used as an overstroke or Burn-off security is provided for the armature stroke of a relay must become.
  • the armature stroke in the air gaps 21 and 22 at the same time the distance between the contacting surfaces (Contact distance). Because not due to material migration arcing must be taken into account is not a lead clearance, the otherwise in addition to the distance of the required Dielectric strength can be provided between the contacts should be necessary.
  • the magnet system thus has smaller working air gaps than otherwise required; this allows at same design of the magnet system greater contact forces and thus achieved lower contact resistances in the load range become. On the other hand, if you keep the contact forces the same, compared to conventional magnet systems, this can be a higher impedance Winding can be provided by the less heating the coil is reached.
  • the relay is the caseless Power transistor 5 directly on the middle part or the middle leg of the core yoke 1 by a solder connection attached and thus directly with the normally open mating contacts of the polarity reversal relay connected because the drain terminal of the MOSFET power transistor with the metallic solder pad and the Normally open counter contacts - which are formed by the core yoke are - in the circuit arrangement provided according to FIG have common polarity in the polarity reversal circuit.
  • control electronics as is preferably assumed here, is also arranged in the relay, this connection does not require a connection to the outside, but only a connecting line to the control electronics, which can be carried out, for example, via bonding wires 70 from the connection lug 14 already mentioned.
  • the control electronics are in the form of a housing-free control IC (for example an ASIC) below the power transistor 5 and approximately at the level of the contact level of the armatures on the middle leg 12.
  • the core yoke 1 is thus the carrier of the power transistor 5 and the control electronics in the IC 8, whereby an additional component carrier, such as a printed circuit board or a ceramic carrier, is not required.
  • the internal connections in the relay between the power transistor 5, the control IC 8 and the outward control connections 71 to 74 are implemented, for example, via bond wires 70.
  • the control connections 71 to 74 are injected in the form of a lead frame into the thermoplastic material of the coil former 6.
  • two coil connections 66 for the two windings 65 are embedded in the internal coil flanges 62. After the windings 65 have been applied and after the winding ends 67 have been soldered, they are bent over in the winding region.
  • the two coil connections 66 each take up one winding end of each coil 65 (FIG. 5), the other two winding ends 68 (FIG. 7) are wound onto a common winding point 34, which is punched out of the sheet of the common break contact plate 3, and for example by Soldering connected.
  • thermoplastic injection molded part forming the bobbin 6 is also a collar 60 in the area of the middle leg 12 integrally formed, the trough-shaped cavity 69th forms around the power transistor 5 and the control IC 8.
  • This trough-shaped cavity 69 becomes after the bonding of the connecting wires between the transistor 5, the control IC 8 and the control connections 71 to 73 with a permanently elastic Potting compound (not shown) to protect the bond wires and the semiconductor poured out.
  • thermoplastic base plate 91 and a, for example thermoplastic injection-molded, cap 92 serve to stabilize the relay connections 25, 31, 41 and 71 to 74. These two parts are sealed by a casting compound after assembly.
  • this cap 92 can also be provided with cooling ribs and / or injection-molded from a metal-filled plastic (for example Al 2 O 3 for higher thermal conductivity.
  • the coil body could also consist of this Al 2 O 3.
  • Another possibility consists in producing the cap 92 from a metallic, non-magnetic material, for example by deep drawing.
  • Figure 8 is a possible control circuit for the relay shown in Figures 1 to 7.
  • the control IC 8 as ASIC is a simplified block diagram used the essential functions for the timer between the power semiconductor 5 and the relay system with the coils 65 and the armature contacts 2 shows. So the control IC 8 includes a logic circuit 81 which is its Receives clock from an oscillator 82 and optionally via a Driver circuit 83 applies one of the coils 65 to voltage. over a comparator 84 and a NOR gate 85 becomes the power semiconductor 5 controlled.
  • the logic circuit 81 ensures that the respective armature 2 in question is first switched over is before the via the power transistor 5 Circuit is closed. So the contacts will dry, i.e. de-energized, switched so that no arc arises.
  • the ASIC is supplied with power via the connections of the coils 65.
  • control circuit also can be constructed differently than shown in Figure 8.
  • the number of Connections can vary depending on the circuit.
  • the control IC shown in FIG 8 only three control connections from ASIC pins 1, 2 and 3 via the control connections 71, 72 and 73 together with pin 4 via the ground connection 41 to the outside while in the construction view according to Figures 1 to 7 four control connections 71 to 74 are shown. In this case it would remain the connection 74 is not connected.
  • the Control circuit can have four or more control connections be led outside. In the same way it is possible part of the control functions or the entire control circuit out of the relay into a socket or to be laid on a separate circuit board.
  • the invention In this case, too, there would be an advantage for them Arrangement of the power semiconductor on the core yoke obtained, namely the simple and effective cooling of the power semiconductor and the compact design of the hybrid load circuit.
  • a hybrid relay in FIG. 1 is comparable in FIG Representation shown, which differs from the hybrid relay there essentially differs in that only one Electromagnetic system with a changeover contact is provided. Accordingly, a core yoke 101 is included as a flat, U-shaped part two side legs 111 and 112 are provided and on the latter a winding 165 is not visible in the central web. A single Armature 102 is connected to an armature return spring 123 Carrier plate 124 fastened, which in an extension 163rd a bobbin 106 is anchored and a connector pin 125 forms. An NC contact plate 103 is with a pin 131 provided.
  • a power transistor 105 arranged together with a control IC 108.
  • the power transistor can be parallel in this case, for example be switched to the load circuit of the relay, the transistor the current briefly before switching the armature switches and the low-resistance load circuit of the relay contacts after turning off the transistor only leads the current. Consequently in this case the magnetic circuit can also be used as Contact circle - with appropriate contact coating on the Pole surfaces - can be used. With such a parallel connection the heating of the component is much less than with a power transistor that has the continuous current alone should lead.
  • the relay according to FIG Figure 9 shows a housing consisting of a base plate 191 and a cap 192.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 again show a polarity reversal relay in the front and rear view shown, in which the mechanical relay system is constructed essentially exactly as in the figures 1 to 7. It should therefore no longer be in detail to be discribed.
  • This integrated circuit 205 is via bond wires 270 connected to terminal lugs 271 to 274, which are embedded in the bobbin 6. Form further bond wires Connections to the coil pins 67, to the tabs 32 and 42 and to the connecting lug 14.
  • This integrated Control circuit 205 is in the trough-shaped Shed cavity 69 in the same way as the previous one Embodiment. In this case, too, would be a relay realizable with a single magnet system analogous to FIG. 9.
  • Figures 12 and 13 is a relay in front and rear view shown, in which the basic mechanical structure in turn is substantially the same as in the first embodiment according to Figures 1 to 7.
  • housed Standard blocks used housed Standard blocks used.
  • a power transistor 305 is arranged on the front and on the middle leg 12 of the core yoke is largely secured by soldering or welding.
  • the terminals 371 and 372 of this standard transistor are led directly out of the relay by a base plate 391, while the gate connection 373 within the relay with is connected to a control circuit.
  • a lead frame 307 On the side opposite the power transistor 305 is in a coil former 306, into which the core yoke 1 is injected is embedded, a lead frame 307, its down ends protruding from the injection molded part control connections 374 of the relay.
  • Each conductor track of the lead frame forms an exposed, non-molded contact surface 375; on this, in one level lying contact surfaces 375 becomes a control IC (ASIC) 308 soldered with SMT connector lugs 381.
  • ASIC control IC
  • Figure 14 shows a double relay, in which on a flat Base 400 two electromagnetic systems, each with an angled Yoke 401 are arranged; from the two yokes only the outer legs 411 aligned with one another can be seen.
  • a bobbin center flange 406 second yoke legs are parallel to each other and are with each coupled to a core that is also not visible, via which each has a coil 465.
  • At the free ends of the Each yoke leg 411 has an armature 402, one attached contact spring 403 actuated.
  • the free ends of the contact springs 403 are between two mating contact elements 404 switchable.
  • the function of this earlier registered relay structure results for the specialist without further, so that no further description is required is.
  • the two contact systems can be separated from each other as individual systems or as changeover relays with external connected contact connections can be used.
  • Hybrid relays can be one in the inventive manner Hybrid relays can be expanded by using a packaged power transistor 405 on the aligned outer sides of the two yoke legs 411 electrically insulating, but applied with good heat conductivity, for example glued on, becomes.
  • a packaged power transistor 405 on the aligned outer sides of the two yoke legs 411 electrically insulating, but applied with good heat conductivity, for example glued on, becomes.
  • the housing on one Side extended; thus the existing double relay system placed on an extended base plate 491 and surrounded with a likewise enlarged cap 492 (Fig. 15).
  • This arrangement is in a side view in FIG shown with cut cap.
  • the three connection flags 451, 452 and 453 of the transistor are directly through the base plate 491 led out.
  • the advantage of cooling the power transistor via the magnetic circuit of the relay is also used here.
  • FIG. 16 shows another structure as in FIGS. 14 and 15, in which a control circuit in the form of an ASIC 408 is included in the design.
  • a control circuit in the form of an ASIC 408 is included in the design.
  • the double relay provided with the power transistor 405 soldered to a small printed circuit board 410, which the only control circuit 408 shown as a block.
  • the small circuit board 410 also carries the connecting pins which are led out downwards 409 of the entire hybrid relay.
  • the ASIC control becomes a thermoplastic injection molded tub-like Plastic cap 493 from below onto the base plate 491 snapped on.
  • Figure 17 shows another slightly modified from Figure 16 Embodiment of a double hybrid relay.
  • the double relay system already shown in FIGS. 14 to 16 equipped with the power transistor 405 without a cap and the one equipped with the control electronics 408 PCB 410 soldered.
  • One over the double relay with Transistor and die - for example with SMT connection technology populated - small circuit board 410 reaching Cap 494 is then up to the cap edge 495 with Potting compound 496.
  • the relay is sealed, the SMT components are encapsulated in a protected manner, and the connection pins 409 of the circuit board will be up to the later Shed the necessary length in a stable position.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Liquid Developers In Electrophotography (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Relais hybride comportant :
    un système de relais électromagnétique qui comprend au moins une bobine (65 ; 165 ; 465), une unité noyau-culasse (1 ; 101 ; 401) traversant la bobine, au moins un induit (2 ; 102 ; 402) et au moins une paire de contacts (2, 11, 12, 3 ; 102, 111, 112, 103 ; 403, 404) commutée par l'induit, et
    un semi-conducteur de puissance (5, 105 ; 205 ; 305 ; 405) dont la section de commutation connecte conjointement à la ou aux paires de contacts le circuit de charge du relais et dont l'instant de commutation peut être commandé avec un décalage temporel par rapport au système de relais électromagnétique de telle sorte que la paire de contacts est connectée à chaque fois sans charge,
       caractérisé par le fait que le semi-conducteur de puissance (5 ; 105, 205 ; 305 ; 405) est en contact thermique avec l'unité formant culasse (1 ; 101 ; 401) du système de relais électromagnétique.
  2. Relais hybride selon la revendication 1,
       caractérisé par le fait que la culasse (101) est formée en U par une tôle sensiblement plane ayant deux branches latérales (111, 112) et une traverse centrale (113), que la traverse centrale comme noyau porte une bobine (165) et les branches latérales (111, 112) chacune comme culasse sont recouvertes d'un induit (102) avec formation d'entrefers de travail et que le semi-conducteur de puissance (105) est disposé sur l'une des culasses.
  3. Relais hybride selon la revendication 1,
       caractérisé par le fait que la culasse (1) est conformée en E par une tôle sensiblement plane, deux traverses de noyau (13) portant chacune une bobine (65) entre deux branches latérales (11) et une branche centrale (12) servant de culasses, que deux induits (2) pontent chacun l'une des branches latérales (11) et la branche centrale (12) en formant des entrefers de travail (21, 22) et que le semi-conducteur de puissance (5) est disposé sur la branche centrale (12).
  4. Relais hybride selon la revendication 2 ou 3,
       caractérisé par le fait que chaque induit (2 ; 102) d'une part et la culasse (1 ; 101) d'autre part sont munis de raccords de charge (14, 24) à chaque fois avec une isolation les uns par rapport aux autres et que les surfaces polaires formant les entrefers de travail sur l'induit respectif (2 ; 102) et la culasse (1 ; 101) servent en même temps de tronçons de contact.
  5. Relais hybride selon la revendication 4,
       caractérisé par le fait qu'une tôle de contact de repos (3 ; 103) parallèle à la culasse est placée sur le côté, opposé à la culasse (1 ; 101), de l'induit respectif (2 ; 102).
  6. Relais hybride selon la revendication 4 ou 5,
       caractérisé par le fait que les tronçons de contact de l'induit ou des induits (2 ; 102) et de la culasse (1 ; 101) ainsi que, éventuellement, de la tôle de contact de repos (3 ; 103) sont revêtus d'une couche de métal précieux.
  7. Relais hybride selon l'une des revendications 4 à 6,
       caractérisé par le fait qu'il est prévu au moins à chaque fois sur l'un des tronçons de contact deux boutons frappés (33) afin d'obtenir une double mise en contact.
  8. Relais hybride selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
       caractérisé par le fait qu'une armature de bobine (6 ; 106) isolante et enveloppant partiellement la culasse (1 ; 101) forme sur la culasse (1 ; 101) un rebord (60) entourant en forme de cuve le semi-conducteur de puissance.
  9. Relais hybride selon la revendication 8,
       caractérisé par le fait que le semi-conducteur de puissance (5 ; 105) est fixé sans boítier particulier sur la culasse (1 ; 101) et est scellé dans la cuve (69) formée par le rebord (60).
  10. Relais hybride selon la revendication 8 ou 9,
       caractérisé par le fait que des pistes conductrices (70) supplémentaires sont noyées sous forme de grille estampée dans l'armature de bobine.
  11. Relais hybride selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10,
       caractérisé par le fait qu'il est agencé un circuit intégré de commande (8 ; 108) pour le semi-conducteur de puissance (5 ; 105) et/ou pour la bobine au voisinage du semi-conducteur de puissance sur la culasse (1 ; 101).
  12. Relais hybride selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11,
       caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins un élément de raccordement (32. 34) est conduit à travers un évidement du tronçon de culasse (12 ; 112) portant le semi-conducteur de puissance (5 ; 105) et éventuellement le circuit de commande (8 ; 108) et forme dans la zone des éléments de raccordement du semi-conducteur de puissance (5 ; 105) et/ou du circuit de commande (8 ; 108) une surface de mise en contact.
  13. Relais hybride selon la revendication 11 ou 12,
       caractérisé par le fait qu'un nez de mise en contact (14) est imprimé à partir de la culasse (1) jusque dans la zone du plan de mise en contact du semi-conducteur de puissance (5 ; 105) ou du circuit de commande (8 ; 108).
  14. Relais hybride selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10,
       caractérisé par le fait que le semi-conducteur de puissance et un circuit de commande sont conçus sur un composant intégré commun (205).
  15. Relais hybride selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10,
       caractérisé par le fait que le semi-conducteur de puissance (305) et un circuit de commande (308) sont agencés comme composants standards sur deux côtés opposés de la culasse (1).
  16. Relais hybride selon la revendication 1,
       caractérisé par le fait que le système de relais électromagnétique comporte au moins une culasse coudée (401) avec une branche de culasse (411) qui s'étend à côté d'un enroulement de bobine (465) et sur le côté extérieur de laquelle le semi-conducteur de puissance (405) est fixé de manière à conduire la chaleur.
  17. Relais hybride selon la revendication 16,
       caractérisé par le fait que le système de relais électromagnétique muni du semi-conducteur de puissance (405) est agencé sur une carte imprimée (410) qui porte les liaisons entre les contacts de relais et la section de commutation du semi-conducteur de puissance ainsi qu'un circuit de commande (408).
  18. Relais hybride selon la revendication 17,
       caractérisé par le fait que le système de relais électromagnétique muni du semi-conducteur de puissance (405) est reçu, conjointement à la carte imprimée (410) et au circuit de commande (408), dans un cache commun (494) et est fermé de façon étanche.
EP97923744A 1996-05-07 1997-04-22 Relais hybride Expired - Lifetime EP0897585B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19618288 1996-05-07
DE19618288 1996-05-07
PCT/DE1997/000804 WO1997042642A1 (fr) 1996-05-07 1997-04-22 Relais hybride

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0897585A1 EP0897585A1 (fr) 1999-02-24
EP0897585B1 true EP0897585B1 (fr) 1999-10-06

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97923744A Expired - Lifetime EP0897585B1 (fr) 1996-05-07 1997-04-22 Relais hybride

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6078491A (fr)
EP (1) EP0897585B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000509547A (fr)
KR (1) KR20000010803A (fr)
CN (1) CN1217813A (fr)
AT (1) ATE185449T1 (fr)
BR (1) BR9708931A (fr)
DE (1) DE59700541D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997042642A1 (fr)

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JP2000509547A (ja) 2000-07-25
ATE185449T1 (de) 1999-10-15
EP0897585A1 (fr) 1999-02-24
US6078491A (en) 2000-06-20
KR20000010803A (ko) 2000-02-25
DE59700541D1 (de) 1999-11-11
BR9708931A (pt) 1999-08-03
WO1997042642A1 (fr) 1997-11-13
CN1217813A (zh) 1999-05-26

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