EP0901150A2 - Electrode, procédé et dispositif pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Electrode, procédé et dispositif pour sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0901150A2
EP0901150A2 EP98113037A EP98113037A EP0901150A2 EP 0901150 A2 EP0901150 A2 EP 0901150A2 EP 98113037 A EP98113037 A EP 98113037A EP 98113037 A EP98113037 A EP 98113037A EP 0901150 A2 EP0901150 A2 EP 0901150A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
tip
radial
electrode according
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98113037A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0901150A3 (fr
EP0901150B1 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Dr. Altmann
Rudolf Richter
Klaus Stedele
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH filed Critical Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Publication of EP0901150A2 publication Critical patent/EP0901150A2/fr
Publication of EP0901150A3 publication Critical patent/EP0901150A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0901150B1 publication Critical patent/EP0901150B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an electrode according to the preamble of the claim 1. It is in particular an electrode for high-pressure discharge lamps like xenon or mercury lamps.
  • the process for making electrodes from tungsten is based on how known, on the pressing and subsequent sintering of the tungsten powder.
  • the blank produced in this way then usually first undergoes forming and compression processes, for example by hammering and / or Rollers. It is a radial hammering of the cylindrical Blanks.
  • the material can then be Drawing process can be further deformed if an even smaller final one Diameter is desired.
  • An electrode for high-pressure discharge lamps is already known from US Pat. No. 5,422,539 and a manufacturing process therefor.
  • the production A tip on an electrode is then usually cutting shape, i.e. by turning or grinding. This can, according to the teaching of this document, by additional axial hammering (Upsetting) can still be improved, since this results in additional compression the top takes place.
  • the grain boundary structures run parallel to the wire axis, and not just in the area of the shaft, but also in the area of the tip of the electrode. If the geometry the electrode tip through the well-known cutting shape, such as e.g. by rotating and grinding, the grain boundary structure opens so evenly distributed on the sloping surface of the tip and breaks off there, as shown in Figure 1.
  • a redirection or centering of the grain boundary structure in the area the tip towards the axis or towards a plateau at the electrode tip was not possible so far.
  • a disadvantage of the previous technology is also the large amount of waste that comes with machining Technology has to be accepted. The drop results from the difference between the shape of the finished electrode tip and the corresponding one cylindrical blank.
  • the material of the electrode according to the invention consists of high-melting material, in particular tungsten material.
  • tungsten material in particular tungsten material.
  • a dopant such as ThO 2 can be added to it as an activation material.
  • Dopants such as oxides of aluminum, potassium or silicon are also often added.
  • alloys, especially tungsten are also possible.
  • the electrode consists of a cylindrical base body, often also called a shaft, and a tapered tip, whereby the tip is essentially produced by radial forming.
  • a decisive advantage is that the gentle radial forming the grain boundaries, which act as channels for the dopant, tend to the axis aligned and practically exclusively in one area end close to the tip, so that the burning behavior is very calm.
  • the doping promoting the emission may be preferred diffuse.
  • the tip is advantageously a truncated cone with a conical jacket and a Plateau, the grain boundaries in this case predominantly in the area of Plateaus end.
  • the dopants are predominant transported to the plateau area.
  • losses through evaporation minimizes the dopants from the cone shell. This has a positive effect on the life of the lamp.
  • Radial forming allows electrode tips with simple geometries getting produced. Reshaping can advantageously be done either by radial hammering or by transverse rolling. Through this deformation work with free choice of the deformation parameters (e.g. Temperature, opening angle, degree of deformation) is a targeted additional Editing possibility for the structure created, which has a positive effect affects the burning behavior and the life of the electrode.
  • the deformation parameters e.g. Temperature, opening angle, degree of deformation
  • cross rolling The general principle of cross rolling is already from VDI news, for example No. 20, May 17, 1996, p. 11. There it is, however, for components (Titanium alloy forgings) with large abrupt Jumps in diameter used.
  • the cross roller is also included Round jaws equipped, which are profiled wedge-shaped. The profile is symmetrical. Round jaws are used for the application according to the invention, whose profile is asymmetrical. The profile forms the top of the Electrode off without sudden jumps occurring.
  • Radial hammering may result, depending on the diameter of the Electrode and the deformation parameters, a very fine structure (significant decrease in grain size) due to the additional deformation work is more solidified (significant increase in hardness, possibly also density). Grain size and density at the top can be compared typically change the stem by a factor of two or more, possibly even by a factor of 3 to 10.
  • the electrode is advantageously additionally doped, in particular with thorium oxide. It has now been shown that these additional dopants also the radial forming are crushed more. This results in a finer and more homogeneous dispersion of the dopants.
  • the structure at the tip can be influenced in a targeted manner by the deformation be so that the stability of the structure in the thermally highly stressed Tip area of the electrode can be improved. So opposite the desired structure due to the additional deformation can be set.
  • Radial forming always includes a tangential component. That is why peaks with an entire opening angle can be used Produce ⁇ of at most 90 °, preferred is ⁇ below 60 °. At a The deformation forces only act in the larger opening angle Near the surface. The core area remains unaffected. Here the layers near the surface slide off at the lower one Core area. This process can create unwanted voids form.
  • the tip is preferably conical or frustoconical.
  • the latter is particularly preferred because here the grain boundaries along which the doping material is transported, end on a discharge-side plateau can.
  • Figure 1 is an electrode made of tungsten material, with an addition of Potassium, silicon and aluminum, with a diameter of 1.5 mm in Detail shown, the tip of which was ground. It is more conventional Formed with a diamond grinding wheel.
  • FIG Tungsten material with a diameter of 1.5 mm shown in detail, the Tip is hammered round. It is in the manner according to the invention Radial hammers have been formed.
  • Figure 3 shows one possibility using the example of thoriated tungsten material the targeted structure influence by radial hammering in the area the conical tip.
  • the electrode 4 has a diameter of 3 mm and an opening angle of 40 ° at the tip.
  • Figure 3a shows the location of two Image sections in the area of the tip 9 (deformation zone) and the shaft 5.
  • a round kneading structure is formed by the shaping, that is recrystallized in operation. This structure is much finer than that in the area of the shaft (FIG. 3c), which is the usual previously known drawing structure trains. This also applies after a recrystallizing annealing treatment.
  • the electrode according to the invention is produced by using the tungsten powder as usual, first pressed and then sintered. Subsequently the sintered rod blank is rolled, hammered and, if necessary, pulled until the desired final diameter has been reached. On the generated The blank electrode now becomes the tip of the electrode by radial hammering generated, with the desired geometry of the Tip is incorporated as a profile.
  • Figure 4 shows a pair of hammer jaws 15 in three views. They exist from cuboid tool bodies, the ones facing the electrode shaft Front 16 with a semicircular cavity 17 that runs along the narrow side 14 runs, is equipped.
  • the cavity 17 narrows down inside, basically conical.
  • the cavity 17 consists of three sections, an input opening 18, which tapers conically, a guide shaft 19 (for the electrode shaft), the diameter of which is kept constant and a tip molding 20 that is tapered with the desired one Opening angle of the tip of the electrode approaches.
  • the cylindrical blank electrode protrudes for processing between the two still spaced Narrow sides 14 of the jaws 15. Before radial hammering, the Blank electrode as usual on a suitable for processing Temperature. Then the tip 15 by means of the jaws hammered.
  • FIG 1 A xenon short-arc lamp operated with direct current is shown schematically in FIG 1 shown with 150 W power for photo-optical purposes.
  • the elliptical Discharge vessel 2 made of quartz glass contains an anode 3 and a cathode 4. Each electrode has a shaft 5 which is connected to a molybdenum foil 6 is. This is melted in a vacuum-tight manner into the ends of the discharge vessel 2.
  • the cathode 4 is shown enlarged again in FIG. It consists of tungsten which is doped with 0.4% by weight of ThO 2 .
  • the cylindrical base body of the cathode forming the shaft 5 tapers in the manner of a truncated cone to a tip 9, the cone jacket 11 of which ends in a plateau 10 on the discharge side.
  • the tip 9 is produced by radial hammering and has the structure shown in FIG. 3.
  • the opening angle ⁇ is 20 ° here. Only the plateau 10 is subsequently treated by grinding.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
EP98113037A 1997-09-04 1998-07-14 Electrode, procédé et dispositif pour sa fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0901150B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19738574A DE19738574A1 (de) 1997-09-04 1997-09-04 Elektrode und Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zur Herstellung derselben
DE19738574 1997-09-04

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0901150A2 true EP0901150A2 (fr) 1999-03-10
EP0901150A3 EP0901150A3 (fr) 1999-04-21
EP0901150B1 EP0901150B1 (fr) 2004-09-22

Family

ID=7841107

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98113037A Expired - Lifetime EP0901150B1 (fr) 1997-09-04 1998-07-14 Electrode, procédé et dispositif pour sa fabrication

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6109995A (fr)
EP (1) EP0901150B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11135011A (fr)
CN (1) CN1151537C (fr)
AT (1) ATE277423T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19738574A1 (fr)
HU (1) HU221580B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT15459U1 (de) * 2016-04-11 2017-09-15 Plansee Se Anode

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001319617A (ja) * 2000-05-08 2001-11-16 Ushio Inc 超高圧水銀ランプ
JP4436547B2 (ja) * 2000-07-31 2010-03-24 株式会社ユメックス 放電ランプ用の陰極、その陰極を備える放電ランプ、及びその陰極の製造方法
JP4475774B2 (ja) * 2000-08-22 2010-06-09 株式会社ユメックス 放電ランプ用の陰極の製造方法
JP2002352772A (ja) * 2001-05-24 2002-12-06 Phoenix Denki Kk 超高圧放電灯
DE10137794B4 (de) * 2001-08-07 2008-06-12 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Elektrode für Hochdruckentladungslampen und Hochdruckentladungslampe
US6578970B2 (en) 2001-09-19 2003-06-17 Advanced Radiation Corporation Point-like lamp with anode chimney
JP3899898B2 (ja) * 2001-10-30 2007-03-28 ウシオ電機株式会社 ショートアーク型水銀ランプ
EP1741119B1 (fr) * 2004-04-21 2019-04-03 Lumileds Holding B.V. Procede de traitement thermique d'electrodes au tungstene exemptes d'oxyde de thorium pour lampe a decharge haute pression
DE102004043247B4 (de) * 2004-09-07 2010-04-15 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Elektrode für Hochdruckentladungslampen sowie Hochdruckentladungslampe mit derartigen Elektroden
AT9340U1 (de) * 2005-12-23 2007-08-15 Plansee Metall Gmbh Verfahren zur herstellung eines hochdichten halbzeugs oder bauteils
CN100433238C (zh) * 2006-03-13 2008-11-12 成都三普电光源实业有限公司 用于超高压汞灯的高亮度电极
DE102006061375B4 (de) 2006-12-22 2019-01-03 Osram Gmbh Quecksilber-Hochdruckentladungslampe mit einer Wolfram und Kalium enthaltenden Anode, die eine Kornzahl größer 200 Körner pro mm2 und eine Dichte größer 19,05g/cm3 aufweist
JP5024466B1 (ja) * 2011-03-10 2012-09-12 ウシオ電機株式会社 ショートアーク型放電ランプ
JP5823770B2 (ja) * 2011-08-09 2015-11-25 プランゼー エスエー ショートアーク高圧放電ランプ
JP6826310B2 (ja) * 2016-11-07 2021-02-03 ウシオ電機株式会社 放電ランプ用電極およびその製造方法
JP7313791B2 (ja) * 2018-08-23 2023-07-25 株式会社オーク製作所 放電ランプ及び放電ランプの電極の製造方法
CN112262454B (zh) * 2019-02-18 2024-04-09 株式会社东芝 放电灯用阴极部件、放电灯及放电灯用阴极部件的制造方法
US11043352B1 (en) 2019-12-20 2021-06-22 Varex Imaging Corporation Aligned grain structure targets, systems, and methods of forming

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DE325464C (de) * 1911-10-03 1920-09-10 Heinrich Leiser Dr Verfahren zur Herstellung von mechanisch widerstandsfaehigen gepressten Formkoerpern
US3678575A (en) * 1970-03-10 1972-07-25 Hitachi Ltd Manufacturing method of a magnetron anode
NL7406379A (nl) * 1974-05-13 1975-11-17 Philips Nv Hogedrukontladingslamp.
JPS62224495A (ja) * 1986-03-24 1987-10-02 Toho Kinzoku Kk タングステン電極材料
FR2603749B1 (fr) * 1986-09-08 1992-06-05 Eyquem Procede de fabrication d'une electrode centrale bimetallique a pointe de platine pour bougie d'allumage et electrode obtenue selon ce procede
DE3723271A1 (de) * 1987-07-14 1989-01-26 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Kathode fuer eine hochdruckentladungslampe
US4859239A (en) * 1988-12-20 1989-08-22 Gte Products Corporation Tungsten electrode and method of producing same
GB2234920A (en) * 1989-08-11 1991-02-20 Ford Motor Co Forming an erosion resistant tip on an electrode
JPH0378929A (ja) * 1989-08-22 1991-04-04 Yokogawa Electric Corp 微細電極の製造方法
DE4229317A1 (de) * 1992-09-02 1994-03-03 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Hochdruckentladungslampe
DE4442161C1 (de) * 1994-11-27 1996-03-07 Bayerische Metallwerke Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formteils

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT15459U1 (de) * 2016-04-11 2017-09-15 Plansee Se Anode

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH11135011A (ja) 1999-05-21
HU9802006D0 (en) 1998-10-28
DE19738574A1 (de) 1999-03-11
ATE277423T1 (de) 2004-10-15
DE59811983D1 (de) 2004-10-28
HUP9802006A2 (hu) 1999-06-28
CN1210360A (zh) 1999-03-10
EP0901150A3 (fr) 1999-04-21
HUP9802006A3 (en) 2001-03-28
HU221580B (hu) 2002-11-28
US6109995A (en) 2000-08-29
CN1151537C (zh) 2004-05-26
EP0901150B1 (fr) 2004-09-22

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