EP0903708A1 - Détecteur d'incendie - Google Patents

Détecteur d'incendie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0903708A1
EP0903708A1 EP97113799A EP97113799A EP0903708A1 EP 0903708 A1 EP0903708 A1 EP 0903708A1 EP 97113799 A EP97113799 A EP 97113799A EP 97113799 A EP97113799 A EP 97113799A EP 0903708 A1 EP0903708 A1 EP 0903708A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
event
fire detector
alarm
parameters
memory
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97113799A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Kurt Dr. Hess
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority to EP97113799A priority Critical patent/EP0903708A1/fr
Priority to CN 98116218 priority patent/CN1208211A/zh
Publication of EP0903708A1 publication Critical patent/EP0903708A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/02—Monitoring continuously signalling or alarm systems
    • G08B29/04—Monitoring of the detection circuits
    • G08B29/043—Monitoring of the detection circuits of fire detection circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an automatic fire detector with self-monitoring, in particular with a storage device for special events during the operating time of the fire alarm.
  • Automatic fire detectors are generally known. They are used for automatic detection of fire parameters and the reporting of the outbreak of a fire to a central unit or by an optical and / or acoustic display directly on site. Your automatic Detection is mostly based on the measurement of one or more of the following parameters: Ion current depending on the presence of smoke particles in the air Light scattered by smoke particles, optical transmission of an air gap, temperature and Temperature change in the ambient air, infrared radiation emitted by flames etc.
  • Automatic fire detectors have a device for measuring the corresponding fire parameters and a circuit for controlling the Measuring device for evaluating the resulting signals and submitting a message corresponds to the evaluated signal.
  • the message is typically sent to a central processing unit directed or used to trigger a visible or audible alarm indicator at the location of the detector.
  • a fire detector that measures light scattered from smoke particles Scattered light detector for short has a measuring device with a light source for Example of an infrared light-emitting diode, a photodiode for receiving the scattered light and one Aperture system for suppression of optical background signals. That from the Measuring device resulting signal is predetermined with one or more Threshold values compared, whereupon a corresponding message is issued.
  • a fire detector that detects the temperature and temperature change of the Ambient air measures usually contains an NTC resistor (Negative Temperature Coefficient resistor) and an associated circuit for Evaluation of the signal. If the measured temperature exceeds a specified one An alarm message is issued within a predetermined time interval.
  • a combination detector contains, for example, both a device for measuring Scattered light as well as one for measuring the temperature. The output signals of the two Detection devices are used in combination according to a predetermined algorithm evaluated. For example, both signals reach an alarm threshold within one alarm is triggered in the specified time period.
  • the control and evaluation circuit for such fire detectors typically has one Microprocessor that controls the active components and the output signals according to predefined algorithms and / or correction factors.
  • the function of the fire detector is preferably monitored periodically. For example the current to control the infrared light-emitting diode, the electrical background of the circuit or a radiation detector tested for saturation or an NTC resistor circuit on Short circuit monitored. If the current to control a light emitting diode falls below one given value, this is considered a malfunction and, for example, the Central unit reported that a detector is inoperable. With stray light detectors, the Ambient temperature measured and a microprocessor to calculate a Correction factor supplied. Because the light output of the light emitting diode and to a lesser extent the Sensitivity of the photodiodes depends on the temperature, the measured Scattered light signal corrected according to this temperature for correct smoke detection to ensure. The signal evaluation is therefore adapted to the ambient temperature. Falls but the correction factor outside a given range is no longer the correction fully guaranteed, and a malfunction is reported to the detector.
  • the location of the installation could be too dusty, too much EMC interference or too have been exposed to large temperature fluctuations.
  • an improvement of the detector or a cheaper one Installation of the detector is only possible to a limited extent.
  • the invention is Task created to create an automatic fire alarm that over a Event log, with the disturbances and alarm events that occur during the Function time of the fire detector occurred, can be identified by the manufacturer.
  • the type and course of events of the Event enable the manufacturer to determine the cause of the fault or false alarm remedy, whether by changing the installation of the fire detector or by improvement of the fire detector itself.
  • An identification of the incident that has occurred should also result in a be possible later if the fault is no longer present.
  • the event log should enable the firefighters to keep track of the alarm event and / or to better determine the cause of the fire.
  • an automatic fire detector with a Device for the detection of one or more fire parameters, a circuit for Control of the fire detector and evaluation of the output signals of the detection device with a microprocessor, a connection to a central unit or a device on the fire detector for the purpose of displaying messages and with self-monitoring for which in an event memory is arranged in the circuit, which in the event of a fault or Alarm event Data on at least one functional parameter of the fire detector permanently saves.
  • the circuit for controlling the fire detector and Evaluation of its output signals means for determining these functional parameters, whose output values are supplied to the memory.
  • the memory mentioned serves as a kind of "tachograph" for the fire alarm by adding data for the function parameters that cause a fault or alarm message, permanent be registered.
  • the event history of the fire alarm can be from the manufacturer or The user of the detector can be read from the event memory as required.
  • the memory is preferably arranged in the microprocessor of the detector circuit.
  • the data can be read in this event memory the manufacturer to identify the incident that occurred. Is it a malfunction? or a false alarm, the manufacturer can take measures to remedy the malfunction in a to avoid future use of this or a new fire alarm. This measure can, for example, improve the circuit, correct a calibration or Tracking factor or the adaptation of the installation of the fire detector to the environment its use concern.
  • the manufacturer receives information from the stored data about the weak points of the fire detector and information about how the fire detector regarding false alarm security and malfunctions can be improved. Is it one real alarm, reading the data allows a possible conclusion about the cause of the fire.
  • the automatic fire detector has a memory in which data on function parameters are each represented by a bit.
  • the bit with data 1 or 0 in this version represents the state of the parameter, in particular whether the relevant parameter at any time during the Use of the detector has reached a fault value or not.
  • the circuit of the detector in this embodiment has means such as Comparators, software routines in the microprocessor, or additional functions in one ASIC, etc. Reading the bits allows the manufacturer to determine the type of fault that has occurred ascertain.
  • an automatic fire detector that contains the Temperature of the environment using an NTC circuit and that of smoke particles Scattered light measures and the output signals of these two measuring devices in Combination evaluates a memory with a status byte, the bits of which are data Represent the functional parameters of the fire detector as follows. Means in the circuit for Determination of this data is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • Figure 1 shows a circuit variant for monitoring this Control current.
  • a comparator compares the voltage drop across the emitter resistor Driver transistor with a reference voltage. The Hi or Low signal on Comparator output thus corresponds to a light emitting diode current below or above that predetermined limit.
  • Driver voltage of the NTC circuit If the driver voltage falls below a predetermined one Value, this bit is set to 1. A 0 in this bit indicates that the driver voltage was always sufficient. A 1 in this bit indicates that the voltage is at least has once fallen below the specified value.
  • the comparison of the actual value with the setpoint can be carried out using a comparator or in a software routine.
  • NTC short circuit If there is a short circuit at any time, this is indicated by a 1 permanently registered in this bit.
  • the corresponding circuit contains, as in FIG. 2 shown, a voltage divider consisting of a constant and a temperature dependent resistance (NTC).
  • NTC temperature dependent resistance
  • the output of the voltage divider is via A / D converter fed to a microprocessor. The latter decides if the voltage is too high A / D converter for NTC short circuit.
  • the fire detector sends a message to the central unit or other display that indicates the occurrence of a fault.
  • the microprocessor in the evaluation circuit is For example, programmed so that the event of a 1 value on a bit depending on the type of Event either with the message "fault” or "note” at the central unit is shown.
  • the relevant detector will soon be as possible replaced by the user; the faulty detector can then be analyzed by the manufacturer become.
  • the detector is analyzed, for example, by a regular maintenance of the alarm system is recommended. Should the incident occur only temporarily prevail, the message to the central unit is deleted as soon as the fault no longer exists is available.
  • the bit that identifies and stores the fault that has occurred remains however permanently set, so that their identification also at a later point in time is possible.
  • the memory of the automatic Fire detector additional bits, more precisely counter bits, the bits of which indicate the frequency of the Register the occurrence of each fault.
  • the frequency of the disturbance event Function parameters registered.
  • the information about the frequency of a disturbance helps Manufacturers to evaluate the incident. For example, a disorder that occurs during the life of the fire alarm has once occurred to be assessed differently than a fault that has occurred frequently or regularly.
  • the Evaluation circuit in the microprocessor a software routine or a hardware counter.
  • the memory of the fire detector for the registration of Disturbance events on further status bytes, the status bit and the counter bits each Type of malfunction are associated. These contain further status bytes, or time bytes Information about the time of each malfunction.
  • the microprocessor of the For this purpose the evaluation circuit has a clock which indicates the real time and its value a failure of a certain parameter is registered in the time byte that the Status bit of that parameter belongs.
  • the time information for a fault event is permitted the manufacturer to determine whether the disturbance event is related to any other event in the Environment or in the detector, such as switching on one Air conditioning that could have contributed to the malfunction. There is no connection between the time of the fault event and another event, the cause of the fault lies possibly in a, long-term effect.
  • a fourth embodiment of the fire detector according to the invention contains one in its memory another count byte that provides information on how many times a pre-alarm threshold was achieved. For example, three different types of stray light detectors are used Danger levels that correspond to different smoke densities in the air are registered. At The pre-alarm thresholds for a temperature detector are, for example, two different high temperatures. It is helpful for the service technician of a fire alarm system, too know if and / or how often the stray light signal or the temperature signal of a detector has reached the first and second pre-alarm threshold. Rule in a given room unusual temperature conditions or, for example, smoking in the room the pre-alarm threshold can be reached even though no fire has developed. In such a case, the sensitivity could be adjusted accordingly in order to to prevent possible false alarms later.
  • a fifth embodiment of the invention relates to fire detectors with a detection device of at least two fire parameters. It has a memory, which is in further Memory bytes registers the alarm path of an event, i.e. the order in which the Alarm messages of the individual detection devices have occurred.
  • a memory which is in further Memory bytes registers the alarm path of an event, i.e. the order in which the Alarm messages of the individual detection devices have occurred.
  • the service technician useful to know which of the two measurement signals reached its alarm threshold first. in the In the event of a false alarm, the cause of the alarm can be better determined.
  • the order in which the pre-alarm and Alarm thresholds of the temperature and stray light signals have been reached.
  • the memory has a further status bit, which indicates a disturbance due to a fluctuation in the measurement signal.
  • a fluctuation will determined by a routine in the microprocessor, for example, after the measurement signal values compares the specified time intervals with one another If the signal change is too strong via a For a given period of time, a fault is registered in this status bit. The appearance of a Fluctuation of the measurement signal indicates to the manufacturer that a electromagnetic interference has occurred.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
EP97113799A 1997-08-09 1997-08-09 Détecteur d'incendie Withdrawn EP0903708A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97113799A EP0903708A1 (fr) 1997-08-09 1997-08-09 Détecteur d'incendie
CN 98116218 CN1208211A (zh) 1997-08-09 1998-08-07 火灾报警器

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97113799A EP0903708A1 (fr) 1997-08-09 1997-08-09 Détecteur d'incendie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0903708A1 true EP0903708A1 (fr) 1999-03-24

Family

ID=8227192

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97113799A Withdrawn EP0903708A1 (fr) 1997-08-09 1997-08-09 Détecteur d'incendie

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0903708A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1208211A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013208533A1 (de) 2013-05-08 2014-11-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brandmelder

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004034348A1 (fr) * 2002-10-04 2004-04-22 Valery Vasilievich Ovchinnikov Procede de formation et de transmission de signaux
CN100454347C (zh) * 2005-12-31 2009-01-21 首安工业消防有限公司 线型火灾探测器数据融合报警系统及方法
DE102016202585A1 (de) * 2016-02-19 2017-08-24 Minimax Gmbh & Co. Kg Modularer Multisensor-Brand- und/oder Funkenmelder

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0121048A1 (fr) * 1983-03-04 1984-10-10 Cerberus Ag Mise en place de circuit pour le contrôle du niveau d'interférence des détecteurs connectés dans une installation de détecteurs de danger
EP0577045A1 (fr) * 1992-06-29 1994-01-05 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Dispositif détecteur de fumée pour alarme d'incendie

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0121048A1 (fr) * 1983-03-04 1984-10-10 Cerberus Ag Mise en place de circuit pour le contrôle du niveau d'interférence des détecteurs connectés dans une installation de détecteurs de danger
EP0577045A1 (fr) * 1992-06-29 1994-01-05 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Dispositif détecteur de fumée pour alarme d'incendie

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013208533A1 (de) 2013-05-08 2014-11-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brandmelder
DE102013208533B4 (de) 2013-05-08 2025-07-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brandmelder mit einem Selbstüberwachungsmodul

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1208211A (zh) 1999-02-17

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